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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of azelastine on the seasonal increase in non-specific bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in pollen allergic patients. A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled, crossover study (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Azelastine, a phthalazinone derivative, is a new potent, long acting, orally active anti-allergic compound with particularly strong H1-histamine receptor antagonistic effects which has been proven to possess in vitro and in vivo a number of anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether azelastine would be able to prevent and/or reverse the seasonal increase in non-specific bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in pollen allergic patients. Twelve atopic patients (5 males, mean age 31 years), skin positive exclusively to grass and/or Parietaria pollen extract, with rhinitis and mild asthma occurring in the spring for at least two years previously, were studied. After a 2 week run-in period, oral azelastine, 4 mg twice daily, or placebo, was given for 2 weeks from the start of the pollen season, according to a randomized, double-blind design. After 2 weeks, the treatments were crossed over. During both the run-in and study periods, patients recorded rhinitis and asthma symptoms, additional antihistamine and bronchodilator drugs taken and peak expiratory flow measurements. A methacholine inhalation test was carried out on four occasions in each patient: before the run-in period, before the start of the treatment, and at the end of the two 2 week treatment periods. Azelastine significantly reduced rhinitis symptoms and the need for antihistamine drugs, whereas asthmatic symptoms, use of bronchodilator drugs, peak flow recordings and bronchial responsiveness to methacholine were unaffected by the treatment. Compliance level and adverse side-effects were not significantly different between active treatment and placebo. In the final subjective evaluation of the two treatments, eight out of 12 patients preferred azelastine. Thus, azelastine has been confirmed to be effective and safe in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. However, in our patients, we have not been able to demonstrate any anti-asthmatic action of the drug.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb03098.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of Protective Effect of Fenoterol in Allergen-Induced Bronchospasm (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 38 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to determine the intensity and duration of the protective effect of fenoterol (200 μg) in allergen-induced bronchospasm and to compare its effect with that of DSCG (20 mg). Twelve atopic-asthmatic patients, with ages ranging from 10 to 41 years, participated in the study. At the time of the study their symptoms were well controlled without the use of anti-asthmatic drugs and their FFV1 was greater than 80% of predicted and did not vary by more than 10% on each study day.The study was a double-blind cross over trial. Each drug was given separately at 1 week intervals according to an appropriate random plan. During the treatment the patients were given two puffs of metered dose aerosol and a capsule of inhalation powder. Each patient was given aerosol with test drug and placebo aerosol alternately, according to the double-blind method. The allergen was given 90 min after the administration of the drugs, and parameters of the respiratory function were controlled over a period of 6 h. Subsequently, the protective effect of 200 μg fenoterol administered 4 h before the allergen was studied openly, and showed that fenoterol possesses a protective effect in allergen-induced bronchospasm. This effect, although slightly reduced, persists even when the allergen is administered 4 h later.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1983.tb00851.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic nebulization of hypertonic solution: a new method for obtaining specimens from nasal mucosa for morphologic and biochemical analysis in allergic rhinitis (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Various techniques are used to collect specimens from the nasal mucosa for morphologic and biochemical analysis. The purpose of this study was to devise a method that overcomes some of the disadvantages (e.g., invasive procedure, samples not suitable for cytologic and biochemical analysis, lack of standardization, and poor reproducibility) of these techniques. The new method requires subjects, with neck extended, to inhale an ultrasonic nebulization of a hypertonic (3% NaCl) solution (UNHS) for 5 min. They then blow their nose into a Petri dish, one nostril at a time with the other one blocked. The secretions are dispersed with 0.1% dithiothreitol in phosphate buffer solution for 20 min. Total cell count (TCC) is evaluated, and the cellular suspension is divided into two aliquots: one is centrifuged and the supernatants are collected for eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) measurements; the other is cytocentrifuged and the slides, stained with Diff-Quik, are used for differential cell count. The results obtained with the UNHS and nasal lavage (NL) methods were compared. Eleven nonatopic healthy subjects and 19 allergic rhinitic patients were studied. Total cell count (×105) was significantly higher with UNHS than with NL (13.0±12.3 vs 1.911.6; P〈0.0]) The differential cell count was similar with the two procedures. ECP levels (μg/l) were higher with UNHS than with NL (39.1+38.2 V.S 16.7±41.2; P〈0.01). For evaluation of reproducibility, four healthy and six rhinitic subjects underwent UNHS on two occasions within 5 days, and the results of two samples (sample 1 vs sample 2) were analyzed. Reproducibility was good as to TCC, differential cell count, and ECP
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03976.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral and inhalation provocation tests for the diagnosis of
aspirin-induced asthma (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00025.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asthma and sex hormones (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00128.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leukotriene receptor antagonists in the treatment of asthma: an update (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs), such as montelukast and zafirlukast, have been demonstrated in a number of studies to possess bronchodilating and anti-inflammatory properties, that make these drugs ideal candidates for the treatment of asthma. The last 1998-updating of the GINA Guidelines for the diagnosis and therapy of asthma recommends the use of LTRAs in the treatment of moderate and mild asthma. In patients with moderate asthma not completely controlled with moderate doses of inhaled corticosteroids, the addition of a LTRA is indicated in alternative to either the increase of the inhaled corticosteroid dose or the addition of an inhaled long-acting beta2-agonist. Both in vitro and in vivo evidences indicate that LTRAs possess an anti-inflammatory activity that is presumably complementary to that presented by corticosteroids. Moreover, clinical studies show that the addition of an LTRA, montelukast, is able to improve clinical and functional indexes in patients with asthma not controlled with inhaled corticosteroids, and to allow a reduction in corticosteroid dosage in patients with asthma well controlled by inhaled corticosteroids. In patients with mild persistent asthma monotherapy with an LTRA is indicated in alternative to a low-dose inhaled corticosteroid, an inhaled cromone, or an oral slow-release theophylline. Previous clinical studies in patients with mild to moderate asthma had demonstrated that monotherapy with LTRAs is able to improve airway function, asthma symptoms, use of as-needed medications, exacerbation rate, and quality of life, without evidence of tolerance with prolonged use. Recently, in a subgroup analysis of patients with mild persistent asthma, a 6-week treatment with oral montelukast or inhaled beclomethasone gave similar improvements in ‘rescue-free’ days, days with well controlled asthma, FEV1, blood eosinophils, beta-agonist use, and nocturnal awakes due to asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.57.s72.2.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A postgraduate teaching course in laparoscopic surgery (1995)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 9 (1995), S. 1119-1122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Laparoscopy ; Tutorial teaching ; Postgraduate school
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A teaching course in laparoscopic surgery was addressed to 21 young postgraduates as a part of their general surgery program with the aim of making them familiar with the basic principles of laparoscopic surgery. The methodology was based on tutorial teaching and ‘learning by problems’; the students worked in little groups elaborating check lists, discussing problems, and practising with laparoscopic training devices. Theoretical learning, practical abilities, and efficacy of tutorial teaching were investigated at the end of the course: the participant's understanding of instrument function, mastering of equipment, and solutions to clinical problems were good, as were the efficiency and pleasantness of the didactic method. Tutorial teaching seems to be a valid model for basic training in laparoscopic surgery in a modern medical education program.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189000
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