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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term field comparison of ceramic and poly(tetrafluoroethene) porous cup soil water samplers (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 26 (1992), S. 2005-2011 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00034a019
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling ”clean rain” treatments in acidified soils-EXMAN project results (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 1807-1812 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Modelling ; experimental manipulation ; acidification ; recovery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The SAFE dynamic model was applied to a ”clean rain” roof experiment performed within the EXMAN project. In the experiment ambient throughfall was removed and replaced with artificial ”clean throughfall”. Input of S, N and H to the forest ecosystem was reduced by 75–100%. The results of the modelling show, that the time scales of model predictions and experiments are the same. The change in base cation flux was well reproduced, while the simulation of changes in aluminum flux was less successful. pH stayed constant in the experiment as well as in the calculations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00477242
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magic applied to roof experiments (Risdalsheia, N; Gårdsjön, S; Klosterhede, DK) to evaluate the rate of reversibility of acidification following experimentally reduced acid deposition (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 1745-1751 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Soil and stream water responses to ‘clean rain’ treatments at three roof covered forest ecosystems in Norway, Sweden and Denmark were modelled by the MAGIC model. The model outputs were compared with measured responses. Over the wide span in site conditions among the three sites MAGIC successfully reproduced the observed effects in the ‘clean rain’ treatments. Seasalt influence caused single year discrepancies but the long term trends were well reproduced. In particular the significant decreases in SO4 output were well reproduced. A simultaneous change in base cation leaching was observed, which in the long run will be the basis for the recovery of these acidified systems. The rate of recovery at the 3 studied sites was very slow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00477232
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aluminium sulphate solubility in acid forest soils in Denmark (1988)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 39 (1988), S. 247-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Ion leaching in 3 sandy spruce forest soils of different origin and pH was investigated in the laboratory. Zero-tension lysimeters containing undisturbed soil columns of varying soil depth were subjected to H2SO4 loadings for a period of 9 weeks. The analysis of the resulting leachate supports the hypothesis that Al-sulphate minerals may form in acidic soils when exposed to acid (H2SO4) deposition. In the B horizon of a glaciofluvial sandy soil (pH 4.2), both H+ and sulphate ions were retained to maintain 2pH + PSO4 = 11.9 in the leachate solutions. This relation between H+ and sulphate activity may be due to an adsorption mechanism or a precipitation mechanism. The precipitation mechanism is favored by the good fit of leachate composition to the conditions for jurbanite [AlOHSO4] formation from gibbsite [Al(OH)3]. In the B horizon of a sandy till at pH 3.7, the Al in soil solution (0.5 mmol L−1) was leached with sulphate. As the sulphate load was increased, some sulphate was retained. This may also be due to the dissolution and precipitation of an Al-sulphate mineral. The ion activity products of leachate solutions from the B horizon of this soil were close to the pKs reported for jurbanite. The conditions for the possible existence and/or formation of Al-sulphate minerals in acidic soils are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279472
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impacts of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Temperature on a Boreal Forest Ecosystem (CLIMEX Project) (1998)
    Springer
    Ecosystems 1 (1998), S. 345-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0629
    Keywords: Key words: climate change; boreal forest; greenhouse; catchment; vegetation; soil; water; temperature; carbon dioxide.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: ABSTRACT To evaluate the effects of climate change on boreal forest ecosystems, both atmospheric CO2 (to 560 ppmv) and air temperature (by 3°–5°C above ambient) were increased at a forested headwater catchment in southern Norway. The entire catchment (860 m2) is enclosed within a transparent greenhouse, and the upper 20% of the catchment area is partitioned such that it receives no climate treatment and serves as an untreated control. Both the control and treatment areas inside the greenhouse receive deacidified rain. Within 3 years, soil nitrogen (N) mineralization has increased and the growing season has been prolonged relative to the control area. This has helped to sustain an increase in plant growth relative to the control and has also promoted increased N export in stream water. Photosynthetic capacity and carbon–nitrogen ratio of new leaves of most plant species did not change. While the ecosystem now loses N, the long-term fate of soil N is a key uncertainty in predicting the future response of boreal ecosystems to climate change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100219900028
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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