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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of irradiated foodstuffs: Results of a European test intercomparison
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Applied Radiation and Isotopes 44 (1993), S. IN17-IN18+407-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0969-8043
    Keywords: Electron Spin Resonance ; European intercomparison ; food ; radiation
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0969-8043(93)90257-B
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    European intercomparison on electron spin resonance identification of irradiated foodstuffs (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 27 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The results of a co-trial organized by the Community Bureau of Reference on the use of Electron Spin Resonance spectroscopy for the identification of irradiated food in 21 laboratories are presented. The trial was qualitative on beef and trout bones, sardine scales, pistachio nut shells, dried grapes, and papaya, and quantitative on poultry bones. There was no difficulty in identifying irradiated meat bones, dried grapes, and papaya. In the case of fish bones there is a need for further kinetic study on different species. Identification of irradiation in pistachio nuts is more complicated and additional research is needed before further trials. All laboratories were able to distinguish between chicken bones irradiated at 1 to 3 kGy or 7 to 10 kGy although there was a partial overlap between the results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb01186.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BCR reference materials for food and agricultural analysis: an overview (1988)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 332 (1988), S. 533-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The BCR is a research programme of the European Communities having the broad aim of improving accuracy and measurement harmony in areas of concern at Community level. Much of the work is directly relevant to the removal of trading and other obstacles as is necessary for the achievement of a single European market by 1992. The presentation provides an overview of the sector of the programme concerned with Reference Materials (RMs) for food and agricultural analyses. Summarises are given of activities for inorganic, trace organic and nutritional analyses, for calibration of rapid methods (NMR, NIR, XRF and Immuno-assay techniques) and technological measurements (industrial quality of cereals, food colour, water-sorption and detection of fraudulent addition of sugar during wine making by NMR). An alphabetic listing of analytes and properties studied during the programme is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00472637
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Utilisation of certified reference materials in monitoring common environmental pollutants (PAHs, Nitro-PAHs, PCBs) (1989)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 333 (1989), S. 599-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Monitoring of the concentration levels of certain environmental organic pollutants which pose potential health hazards is examined. The use of reference materials in the quantitative measurement of common pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polycyclic heteroaromatic compounds, nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is reviewed within the context of achieving optimum precision sand accuracy of the measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00496930
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polycyclic aromatic compounds of environmental and occupational importance (1986)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 323 (1986), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This paper describes the preparation and certification of a complementary set of 9 polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) for calibration and reference purposes in environmental and occupational analysis, increasing the total number of BCR reference compounds of this class of ubiquitous pollutants to 48. Also presented are newly measured UV-absorption maxima, and a review of the occurrence and biological activities (bacterial mutagenicity tests and animal carcinogenic data) of the compounds in this latest series of PAC reference materials. Although not certified for purity at the time of publication, UV data for picene, a valuable internal standard, are also given.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Herstellung und Zertifizierung von 9 polycyclischen aromatischen Verbindungen (PAC) als Referenzmaterialien für die Umwelt- und Arbeitsplatzanalytik wird beschrieben. Damit erhöht sich die Zahl der BCR-Referenzmaterialien aus dieser Klasse umweltrelevanter Schadstoffe auf insgesamt 48. Neben einer Übersicht über das Vorkommen und die biologische Aktivität (Mutagenität in Bakterien-Testsystemen und Carcinogenität in Tierversuchsmodellen) werden zur Charakterisierung neu vermessene UV-spektroskopische Daten (UV-Maxima, molare Extinktionskoeffizienten) mitgeteilt. Ferner werden UV-Daten für das Picen gegeben, das oft als interner Standard benutzt wird, obwohl es in seiner Reinheit noch nicht zertifiziert ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00531122
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The BCR programme and measurements for food and agriculture (1990)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 338 (1990), S. 469-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The importance of accurate and comparable measurements to the removal of technical barriers to trade and the achievement of the single European Market is well established. The BCR Programme is recognized as having an important role in this area, a fact reflected in a substantial increase in the programme in recent years. There has been a consequential expansion of its activities for food and agricultur measurements which currently involves some 50 projects and will lead to the issue of a further 25 CRMs in the next 12 months. Topics covered include: Nutritional properties — fatty acids, sterols, total fat, protein, carbohydrates, dietary fibre, oil and fat soluble vitamins, and major elements. Undesirable substances — PAHs, PCBs, shellfish toxins, mycotoxins, heterocyclic amines, nitrate, pesticides and toxic element in food and animal feed. Technological properties — bread making quality of flour (farinograph, extensograph, etc.), determination of gluten in wheat, rapid NMR methods and reference materials for the oil content of rapeseed, reference colour tiles for calibration of colorimeters for tomato paste, and characterisation of natural products by isotopic determination (NMR and MS). For agriculture particular emphasis has been placed on methodology and RMs for the analysis of the very wide range of growth promoting compounds in farm animals (organs and fluids). Other projects concern amino-acids in feed and rapid method (XRF) for glucosinolates in rapeseed. Although most of the projects lead to CRMs, the common feature and indeed, the objective of the work, is the establishment of reliable reference values which form the basis for the accuracy and comparability of the results of these measurements. The work of the BCR Programme in this area is reviewed and the steps taken to ensure that the reference values are accurately certified with an acceptably small uncertainty are illustrated with examples taken from current projects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00322519
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological reference materials for the verification of sample preparation and measurement by low resolution NMR (1990)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 338 (1990), S. 441-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The measurement of the solid fat index is of great importance to determine the technological quality of fats used in the agro-food industry. Pulse or continuous wave low resolution nuclear magnetic resonance may be used to perform the measurements fairly rapidly, and very simply. IUPAC has published several methods for sample preparation, with precise indications as to the procedure to follow. The reproducibility is however often inadequate, whereas the repeatability is very good. This may simply be due to an incorrect calibration of the apparatus, introducing a constant bias in the results of a particular laboratory. It may also be due to slight differences in the tempering the samples undergo. Because of their polymorphism, the crystallization of triglycerides is in fact greatly influenced by this thermal pretreatment. A need for reference samples was therefore felt, in part to verify the instrument adjustment but, more important, in order to control the whole sequence of actions performed before the measurement itself. The French Institut National Agronomique and the Institut des Corps Gras carried out a ring test involving 9 experienced French laboratories to determine standard SFI curves, using several thermal pretreatment procedures. Reference samples and the corresponding SFI values for 4 of the most commonly used fats are now available to quality control laboratories. This study is now to be extended, through the BCR, to the rest of Europe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00322513
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The freeze-drying of orange juice for the preparation of reference materials (1988)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 332 (1988), S. 694-697 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The possibility of producing fruit juice reference materials is conditioned by the availability of a method which allows the transformation of the original juice or concentrate into a better physically stable form. Therefore a feasibility study of the transformation of orange juice by freeze-drying was carried out. In general, the obtained powder is hygroscopic, and tends to agglomerate into large solid lumps. Under optimal conditions of freeze-drying combined with redrying of the powder before closing the bottles, a slightly cohesive but physically stable yellow orange powder can however be obtained. Compared to the original juice, this shows no loss of reducing sugars and has a normal glucose-fructose ratio. Moreover, most aminoacids e.g. asparagine, methionine, lysine and arginine are not affected by freeze-drying. Based on the study of a limited number of important fruit juice parameters, it may be concluded that freeze-drying seems very promising in order to obtain an orange juice reference material, which after redissolution in water keeps the original chemical orange juice properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00472671
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polycyclic aromatic compounds of environmental and occupational importance — Their occurrence, toxicity and the development of high-purity certified reference materials (1991)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 340 (1991), S. 755-767 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper describes the preparation and certification of 7 nitro-substituted and 7 oxygen-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds (ketones, oxaarenes, hydroxy-PAHs) for calibration and reference purposes in environmental and occupational analysis. Occurrence and biological activities (mutagenicity in bacterial test systems and carcinogenicity in animal test systems) are reviewed. Moreover, newly measured UV-spectroscopical data (UV maxima and molar extinction coefficients) are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00321499
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reference materials for PCDD and PCDF analysis: production and verification of the contents of twelve congeners in iso-octane reference solutions (1994)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 348 (1994), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) of the Commission of the European Communities has produced standard solutions of PCDDs and PCDFs (dirty dozen) to guarantee proper calibration and traceability of results in the certification of these compounds in matrix materials. The purity of each individual isomer has been evaluated on the initial crystals using several analytical methods. Solvents have been checked for impurities. The entire procedure of preparation of the twelve solutions has been performed under strict metrological conditions and will be published elsewhere. All results and the preparation procedure followed are described. The solutions are not certified, but may be obtained from BCR together with an analytical report.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00321601
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