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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in diagnosis of epidermoid cyst in testis (1998)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cytopathology 9 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2303.1998.00067.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytopathology in Norway (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cytopathology 15 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2303.2004.00151.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of c-erbB-2 protein, neuron-specific enolase and DNA flow cytometry in locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 22 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Expression of c-erbB-2 protein, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and DNA ploidy was studied by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens from 104 patients with locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Positive membrane bound c-erbB-2 staining was found in 15% of the tumours, and 38% of the tumours were positive for NSE. Only one tumour stained positively for both NSE and c-erbB-2. Expression of c-erbB-2 protein and NSE was neither correlated to tumour stage nor to histopathological grade. The frequency of non-diploid tumours was 78% in 49 c-erbB-2/NSE negative tumours, 98% in 40 NSE positive tumours, and 100% in 16 c-erbB-2 positive tumours (P=0.004). Whether the c-erbB-2 expression is a useful prognostic marker in addition to other conventional parameters, remains to be shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1993.tb00131.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Co silicide formation on epitaxial Si1−yCy/Si (001) layers (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 3306-3312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We investigated the formation and structure of cobalt silicide (CoSi2) on Si1−yCy (0≤y≤0.81%) layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si (001). The incorporation of C in the Si lattice causes the following phenomena during silicidation: (i) the formation of CoSi2 is delayed in temperature scale, as compared to pure Si; (ii) epitaxial CoSi2 grains are formed at T≥600 °C; (iii) a two sublayer structure of CoSi2 is observed, where the upper sublayer contains a very small amount of C and has a homogeneous microstructure, while the lower sublayer, which has a higher C concentration, contains randomly oriented CoSi2 nanocrystallites; (iv) spatial inhomogeneity results in significant variation (within ±40%) in the CoSi2 layer thickness; (v) no strain relaxation in the Si1−yCy layer during silicidation is detected up to 700 °C; and (vi) the distribution of carbon and boron in the semiconductor during silicidation is not changed significantly. The two latter findings show the potential of CoSi2 on Si1−yCy for device application despite the mentioned inhomogeneity in CoSi2 microstructure. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372341
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A follow-up study of recurrence and cosmesis in completely responding superficial and nodular basal cell carcinomas treated with methyl 5-aminolaevulinate-based photodynamic therapy alone and with prior curettage (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 145 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Methyl 5-aminolaevulinate (mALA) is an ester derivative of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) with increased lipophilicity compared with ALA. Objectives  To assess long-term cure rate, cosmesis, recurrence rate and extent of fibrosis after mALA-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) of superficial and nodular basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) showing early complete response to treatment. Methods  Of 350 BCCs treated, 310 responded completely. These were in 59 patients who were followed for 2–4 years (mean 35 months) after mALA-PDT. Nodular tumours were curetted before PDT, and mALA 160 mg g−1 was applied to all tumours for 24 h or 3 h before illumination from a broad-band halogen light source with light doses from 50 to 200 J cm−2. Fibrosis was assessed histologically in 23 biopsies. Results  The overall cure rate for 350 BCCs, including non-responders and recurrences was 79%. Of 310 lesions, 277 (89%) remained in complete response, and the cosmetic outcome was excellent or good in 272 of the completely responding lesions (98%). Histological examination showed dermal fibrosis in one of 23 biopsies. Conclusions  We conclude that mALA-based PDT with prior curettage of nodular lesions is a promising new method for the treatment of BCC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2001.04407.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of digitally guided fine needle aspiration cytology versus fine needle core biopsy for the diagnosis of recurrent rectal cancer (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 11 (1996), S. 272-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. La valeur clinique d'une cytologie d'aspiration à l'aiguille fine dirigée au doigt par voie transrectale (FNAC) a été comparée avec les résultats d'une biopsie à l'aiguille fine (FNCB). La FNAC a été réalisée d'une aiguille 21G et la FNCB avec une aiguille 18G. Aucune prophylaxie antibiotique n'a été donnée. Dans la première partie de l'étude, 100 patients (20 lésions initiales, 80 récidives, 17 lésions bénignes/83 cancers) ont étéétudiés dans les deux techniques. Dans 93% des cas, un diagnostic definitif a été donné par les specimens obtenus avec la FNAC comparativement à 96% avec la FNCB. Aucun faux positif avec le diagnostic de cancer n'a été posé. La sensibilité de la FNAC est de 88% versus 68% pour la FNCB. Cette différence est statistiquement significative. Dans une deuxième partie de l'étude, 142 specimens de récidive ont été examinés par FNAC incluant 78 patients de la première partie de l'étude. La valeur prédictive négative est d'environ 60% pour FNAC versus environ 40% pour FNCB. Les deux techniques n'entraînent aucune complication majeure. En cas de tumeur pelvienne palpable récidivante, le diagnostic doit être tenté tout d'abord à l'aide d'unde ponction guidée au doigt avant de procéder à un CT on un US. Dans notre expérience, FNAC semble préférable à FNCB.
    Notes: Abstract. The clinical value of transrectally digitally guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was compared with fine needle core biopsy (FNCB). FNAC was performed with a 21G and FNCB with a 18G needle. No prophylactic antibiotic was given. In the first part of the study 100 patients (20 primary/80 recurrences, 17 benign/83 cancers) were studied by both techniques. In 93% a definite diagnoses was given in FNAC specimen versus 96% of the FNCB cases. There were no false positive cancer diagnoses. The sensitivity of the FNAC was 88% versus 68% of the FNCB specimens. This difference was statistically significant. In a second part of the study 142 specimens of recurrent cases were examined by FNAC including 78 of the patients of the first part. The negative predictive value was around 60% for FNAC versus around 40% for FNCB. Both techniques were without any major complications. For the diagnosis of a palpable recurrent pelvic tumour a digitally guided puncture may be tried before proceeding to CT or US guided examination. In our hands FNAC seems preferable to FNCB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003840050060
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of CD44s and CD44v3-10 in adenocarcinoma cells and reactive mesothelial cells in effusions (2000)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 436 (2000), S. 330-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Adenocarcinoma cell ; Mesothelial cells ; Effusions ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The detection of malignant cells in serous effusions obtained from patients diagnosed with cancer marks the presence of metastatic disease and is associated with a poor outcome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of CD44s and CD44v isoforms in the distinction between mesothelial cells and malignant epithelial cells in effusions. Fifty-nine fresh pleural and peritoneal effusions were studied. These consisted of 41 specimens from patients with known gynecological neoplasms, 9 from patients diagnosed with breast adenocarcinoma, and 9 effusions from patients with various nongynecological malignancies or tumors of unknown origin. Forty-three effusions contained malignant/atypical epithelial cells, and 16 effusions were diagnosed as reactive. Three effusions contained exclusively malignant cells. Specimens were stained with anti-CD44s, v3, v5, v6, v7 and v3-10. The presence of staining in cancer cells, benign mesothelial cells and lymphocytes was evaluated. CD44s immunoreactivity was seen in 10 of 43 (23%) cases in malignant/atypical epithelial cells and in 53 of 56 (94%) cases in benign cells. In contrast, CD44v3-10 was seen in 23 of 43 (55%) cases in malignant/atypical epithelial cells and in 3 of 56 (6%) cases in benign cells. We advocate the use of CD44s and CD44v3-10 immunostaining in diagnostic evaluation of difficult serous effusions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004280050455
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Henry's law and the behavior of weak acids and bases in fog and cloud (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 19 (1994), S. 173-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: Gas-liquid partitioning ; Henry's law ; formic acid ; acetic acid ; ammonia ; S(IV)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Experimental data from two field experiments on ground based clouds were used to study the distribution of formic acid, acetic acid, ammonia and S(IV) species between liquid and gas phase. The ratio of the concentrations of these compounds between the phases during concurrent measurements was compared to ratios expected according to Henry's law (considering the pH influence). Large discrepancies of several orders of magnitude were seen. Three hypotheses have been investigated to explain the observed discrepancies: The existence of a microscale equilibrium which does not persist in a bulk sample, a thermodynamic shift of the equilibrium due to competing reactions, and nonequilibrium conditions due to mass transfer limitations. Approximate quantitative calculations show that none of these hypotheses is sufficient to explain all of the discrepancies, so a combination of different effects seems to be responsible for this observation. The same theoretical considerations also suggest that mass transfer limitation may be an important factor for highly soluble compounds. The data presented here indicates that it is not possible to simply extrapolate interstitial gas phase composition from measured bulk liquid phase concentrations of a fog or cloud.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696588
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer modelling of clouds at Kleiner Feldberg (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 19 (1994), S. 189-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: Cloud model ; airflow model ; cloud chemistry ; cloud microphysics ; aerosols ; Henry's Law ; nitric acid ; cloud-water acidity ; turbulence ; mixing ; scavenging ; Kleiner Feldberg ; GCE
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The airflow, cloud microphysics and gas- and aqueous-phase chemistry on Kleiner Feldberg have been modelled for the case study of the evening of 1 November 1990, in order to calculate parameters that are not easily measured in the cloud and thus to aid the interpretation of the GCE experimental data-set. An airflow model has been used to produce the updraught over complex terrain for the cloud model, with some care required to ensure realistic modelling of the strong stable stratification of the atmosphere. An extensive set of measurements has been made self-consistent and used to calculate gas and aerosol input parameters for the model. A typical run of the cloud model has calculated a peak supersaturation of 0.55% which occurs about 20 s after entering cloud where the updraught is 0.6 m s−1. This figure has been used to calculate the efficiency with which aerosol particles were scavenged; it is higher than that calculated by other methods, and produces a cloud with slightly too many droplets. A broad cloud droplet size spectrum has been produced by varying the model inputs to simulate turbulent mixing and fluctuations in cloud parameters in space and time, and the ability of mixing processes near cloud-base to produce a lower peak supersaturation is discussed. The scavenging of soluble gases by cloud droplets has been observed and departures from Henry's Law in bulk cloud-water samples seen to be caused by variation of pH across the droplet spectrum and the inability of diffusion to adjust initial distributions of highly soluble substances across the spectrum in the time available. Aqueous-phase chemistry has been found to play a minor role in the cloud as modelled, but circumstances in which these processes would be more important are identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696589
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Kleiner Feldberg Cloud Experiment 1990. An overview (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 19 (1994), S. 3-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: orographic clouds ; cloud chemistry and microphysics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract An overview is given of the Kleiner Feldberg cloud experiment performed from 27 October until 13 November 1990. The experiment was carried out by numerous European research groups as a joint effort within the EUROTRAC-GCE project in order to study the interaction of cloud droplets with atmospheric trace constituents. After a description of the observational site and the measurements which were performed, the general cloud formation mechanisms encountered during the experiment are discussed. Special attention is given here to the process of moist adiabatic lifting. Furthermore, an overview is given regarding the pollutant levels in the gas phase, the particulate and the liquid phase, and some major findings are presented with respect to the experimental objectives. Finally, a first comparison attempts to put the results obtained during this campaign into perspective with the previous GCE field campaign in the Po Valley.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696581
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