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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Yeast ; E. coli ; tRNA ; rRNA ; Sequence homologies ; Evolution ; Origins ; Coding mechanism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Many tRNAs ofE. coli and yeast contain stretches whose base sequences are similar to those found in their respective rRNAs. The matches are too frequent and extensive to be attributed to coincidence. They are distributed without discernible pattern along and among the RNAs and between the two species. They occur in loops as well as in stems, among both conserved and non-conserved regions. Their distributions suggest that they reflect common ancestral origins rather than common functions, and that they represent true homologies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromosoma 19 (1966), S. 317-339 
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé 1. Les divers noyaux d'un tissu se colorent d'une facon différente lorsqu'on utilise un mélange de vert rapide et d'éosine: certains en vert, d'autres en rose ou en violet. 2. Pour tous les tissus etudiés, la proportion des noyaux prenant l'une ou l'autre de ces colorations reste constante même lorsqu'on change le pH ou le rapport de concentration de ces deux colorants. 3. Dans les cellules où les histones riches en lysine et les histones riches en arginine sont physiquement séparées, on remarque que les premières fixent sélectivement l'éosine, tandis que les secondes au contraire fixent préférentiellement le vert rapide. 4. L'enlèvement des protéines éosinophiles des noyaux d'erythrocytes des grenouilles et des cellules du fois des souris provoque une diminution de l'éosinophilie et dévoile la présence des protéines qui se colorent en vert. Dans les erythrocytes cette diminution est accompagnée d'une perte des protéines riches en lysine. 5. Souvent, le constituant éosinophile apparaît dans la chromatine des cellules dans lesquelles la synthèse de l'ARN a été arrêtée. Cet arrêt peut accompagner un phénomène du développement, par example, spermatogenèse, ou erythropoèse. Il peut avoir lieu aussi temporairement comme dans le cas de la mitose et peut-être aussi dans celui du pancreas d'un animal affamé. 6. L'éosinophilie du chromosome X condensé du spermatocyte de la sauterelle représente un cas unique où les divers parties d'un noyau fonctionel se colorent différemment. 7. La synthèse de l'ADN peut avoir lieu dans les noyaux appartenant soit à la categorie verte, soit à la rose. 8. On conclut donc que l'éosinophilie reflète l'éxistance d'un moyen de régulation du noyau dans sa totalité et que consiste en l'inhibition par les histones riches en lysine de la synthèse de l'ARN.
    Notes: Abstract When fast green and eosin are used in combination to stain histones, nuclei display different affinities toward the dyes, some binding fast green exclusively, others binding eosin exclusively, and still others, both stains. In a given tissue, the frequencies of nuclei exhibiting the different colors remain fairly constant over a wide range of staining conditions. Nuclei of cells of the same type may stain differently, but when they are in the same stage of development or state of activity they tend to stain alike. Xenopus erythrocyte nuclei stain bright pink. Condensed mitotic and meiotic chromosomes stain purple. In the grasshopper spermatocyte, the main body of the interphase nucleus stains bright green, but the condensed chromosome stains purple. The mole crab sperm contains several distinct histone-like proteins, that differ in their amino acid compositions, within separate areas of the cell. In these sperms, the lysine-rich histones bind eosin, while the protamine-like protein and arginine-rich histone bind fast green. In general, the eosin and fast green bind preferentially to the lysine and arginine rich histones respectively, when the dyes are permitted to compete with one another. In several systems, including spermiogenesis and erythropoiesis, the aquisition of an eosinophilic component by the nuclei accompanies the slowing of RNA synthesis, and it is suggested that there may be a causal relationship between the two events, the eosinophilic histone effecting RNA synthesis within the nucleus as a whole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 215 (1967), S. 966-967 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We have investigated the correlation between the synthesis of RNA and changes in the reaction to staining with fast green and eosin in spermatids of Chortophaga viridi-fasciata. Nymphs of grasshoppers collected in Austin, Texas, between October 1965 and April 1966 were injected with 6 mc of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Data from flow-cytometric analysis of DNA of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells were fitted using non-linear least squares curve fitting routines. Analysis of rates of synthesis from the derived S-period profiles revealed a pattern of changing rates of DNA synthesis during the S-period. Three main peaks are seen whose trough to through periods range from 0 to 16%, 16 to 65%, 65 to 100% of the DNA synthesized during S. The differences between the peak rates and rates in the intervening troughs are small, about 10% of the maximum, but these occur reproducibly. Some differences in the DNA distribution profiles, hence rate profiles, can be seen among samples taken at different times during the day. These are thought to reflect the effects of circadian rhythms, but they are not large enough to obscure the general pattern of rate shifts that occur during the S-period. Analyses of radioactivity of 3H-thymidine pulse labelled cells, sorted across the S-period, were in accord with the results obtained from the DNA distributions. A parallel analysis of DNA and histones showed a correspondence in the timing and direction of shifts in rate for both during the middle part of the S-period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 16 (1986), S. 333-334 
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 16 (1986), S. 309-310 
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 18 (1988), S. 97-105 
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Earlier studies (1) have shown there are direct correlations between the hydrophobicity ranking of most amino acids and their anticodonic nucleotides. However, four anticodonic assignments, i.e. those for Trp, Tyr, Ile and the XGA anticodons for Ser, did not correlate. It was our proposal that this failure to correlate was due to the fact that these assignments were made late, relative to the bulk of the assignments, in evolution through the mutation of existing tRNAs. We have shown (2) thatE. coli tRNAIle 1 and tRNAIle 2 were likely derived from tRNAVal 1 and tRNALys respectively andE. coli tRNATyr was possibly derived fromE. coli 5s rRNA or a common precursor with 5s rRNA (3). The fact that quite high homologies were observed in these comparisons is consistent with the late evolution of the tRNAs in question. We now examine the evolution ofE. coli tRNATrp by comparing its homology with otherE. coli tRNAs. The data suggest a possible evolutionary relationship withE. coli tRNAGly or tRNAArg. The data support the idea of the late assignment of anticodons to Trp.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 18 (1988), S. 87-96 
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract An evolutionary progression leading toward replication is resolved into several phases; (a) the replication of RNA segments by self-priming and -templating, (b) the replication of single stranded molecules by elongation and controlled scission, (c) replication of complementary duplexes and (d) replication of DNA. The initial phase is suggested by evidence for the existence of tandem repeats in an early population of molecules presumed to be ancestral to today's structurl RNAs. Relics of these repeats are seen in the positioning of sequence matches between transfer and ribosomal RNAs. Conservation of the positions of the matches is indicated by persistence of a periodicity in their spacings along the molecules. Selection is viewed as a vector, with a source and a focus. The evolutionary progression entails shifts in the source of selection, from external catalysts to the replicating molecule itself, and in its focus, from substrate to replicator, to the products of the replicator's activity. When the source and focus of selection are the same selection becomes internalized, and replication and Darwinian evolution follow. Catalytic specificity is regarded as an antecedent to natural selection. Shifting of the source and focus of selection and switches in evolution's ‘vehicle’, the most fundamental thing that evolves, result in profound changes in the modes of evolution. Control provides a conceptual framwork within which entry into a Darwinian mode of evolution, and ultimately liberation from Darwinian evolution might be explained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 62 (1963), S. 87-94 
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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