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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A preponderance of small dense LDL is associated with specific insulin, proinsulin and the components of the insulin resistance syndrome in non-diabetic subjects (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1328-1336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Insulin resistance syndrome ; low density lipoprotein size ; triglyceride ; high-density lipoprotein ; hypertension.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recently, the presence of small dense low density lipoprotein (LDL) has been postulated to be a stronger risk factor for coronary heart disease than large LDL. While small dense LDL has been associated with individual components of the insulin resistance syndrome such as hypertension, high triglyceride level, low high density (HDL) cholesterol, and diabetes mellitus, there has been little work exploring whether LDL size is decreased in subjects with multiple metabolic disorders. We examined the association of LDL size and pattern to specific insulin (which does not cross-react with proinsulin), proinsulin, increased triglyceride, decreased HDL, hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance in 488 non-diabetic subjects from the San Antonio Heart Study. LDL size was significantly related to specific insulin, proinsulin and the fasting proinsulin/insulin ratio. Small dense LDL was significantly associated with high triglyceride level, decreased HDL cholesterol, hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance. LDL size (Å) decreased in a stepwise fashion with increasing number of the metabolic disorders described above (zero 262.6 ± 9.4; one 257.0 ± 9.3; two 256.4 ± 9.4; three 249.0 ± 9.1; and four 244.9 ± 9.0). These results were similar in men and women and in non-Hispanic whites and Mexican Americans. The association between LDL size and the number of metabolic disorders remained statistically significant even after adjustment for obesity, body fat distribution, gender, ethnicity, proinsulin and insulin concentrations. Furthermore, decreases in LDL size are also significantly associated with both a selective beta-cell defect (as estimated by the fasting proinsulin/insulin ratio) and insulin resistance (as estimated by the fasting insulin concentrations) although the association was somewhat stronger for the latter. We conclude that small dense LDL may form part of the insulin resistance syndrome in non-diabetic subjects. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 1328–1336]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401766
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Difference in the influence of maternal and paternal NIDDM on pancreatic beta-cell activity and blood lipids in normoglycaemic non-diabetic adult offspring (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 831-837 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Maternal NIDDM ; paternal NIDDM ; C-peptide ; proinsulin ; lipids.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was performed in 38 normoglycaemic (World Health Organization criteria) non-diabetic volunteers, aged 31–40 years, of whom 20 had a non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) mother and 18 had an NIDDM father. At the time of the study the offspring of NIDDM mothers had a somewhat higher body mass index (BMI) (males: 26.5 ± 1.0 (mean ± SEM), females: 27.5 ± 1.5 kg/m2) than the offspring of NIDDM fathers (males: 23.4 ± 0.9, females: 24.2 ± 1.2 kg/m2). There was no difference in the time-course of glycaemia; however the serum concentrations of immunoreactive insulin (IRI), C-peptide and proinsulin were significantly higher in offspring of NIDDM mothers than in offspring of NIDDM fathers: area under the curve (AUC) serum IRI: 0.928 ± 0.091 vs 0.757 ± 0.056 nmol · l–1· h–1, p = 0.019; serum C-peptide: 6.379 ± 0.450 vs 4.753 ± 0.242 nmol · l–1· h–1, p = 0.004; serum proinsulin: 172 ± 40 vs 51 ± 7 pmol · l–1· h–1, p = 0.008). Serum IRI correlated with BMI, but C-peptide and proinsulin did not, and after accounting for BMI by covariance analysis they remained significantly higher in offspring of NIDDM mothers. In this group serum proinsulin was significantly higher in male than in female offspring (AUC serum proinsulin: 289 ± 68 vs 77 ± 27 pmol · l–1· h–1, P = 0.015). Male offspring of NIDDM mothers also had significantly higher serum triglyceride levels than females of the same group and than offspring of NIDDM fathers. The offspring (male and female) of NIDDM mothers had slightly lower serum apolipoprotein A-I levels than the offspring of NIDDM fathers. Significant correlations were found between serum triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B, and serum concentrations of pancreatic beta-cell peptides, mostly in the offspring of NIDDM mothers; however, they did not display unequivocal association with gender within this group. The data are consistent with clinical observations of a greater risk of NIDDM transmission from the mother than from the father, and may suggest that male offspring are more exposed to this risk than female offspring. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 831–837]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050517
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basal activity profiles of NPH and [Nɛ-palmitoyl Lys (B29)] human insulins in subjects with IDDM (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 116-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Insulin ; pharmacokinetics ; acylated insulin ; NPH ; insulin therapy ; glucose turnover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary [Ne-palmitoyl Lys (B29)] human insulin is a fatty acid-acylated derivative of insulin with extended action compared to unmodified insulin when infused intravenously (i. v.) secondary to its binding to circulating albumin. The duration and activity profile of the acylated (A) and NPH (B) insulins were assessed following subcutaneous (s. c.) doses of (A) 6 nmol/kg and (B) 1.2 nmol/kg (equivalent to 0.2 U/kg) in 9 subjects with IDDM. After overnight i.v infusion of regular human insulin, morning glucose was (A) 6.9 ± 0.1 and (B) 6.8 ± 0.1 mmol/l. After the s. c. injection, i. v. human insulin or glucose was infused to maintain near-basal glycaemia and tracer glucose to assess hepatic glucose production (HGP). An activity profile was deduced for each study by expressing the glucose infusion rate at each time point, as a fraction (%) of the basal (measured) HGP, and the i. v. insulin infusion rate as a fraction (%) of the basal requirement. The two fractions are combined by adding the fractional glucose infusion rate and subtracting the fractional insulin infusion rate. Infusion rates of i. v. insulin in the morning were (A) 0.96 ± 0.096 and (B) 1.22 ± 0.09 pmol · kg–1· min–1. After insulin injection, i.v insulin requirements decreased and were below 10 % of basal between 100 and 150 min. A constant activity profile of 0 % represents a perfect substitution of the basal i. v. insulin infusion by the s. c. dose. The actual profile is defined by deviations from this (above) and was –17 ± 11, 7 ± 10, –9 ± 6 and –18 ± 18 % for [Ne-palmitoyl Lys (B29)] human insulin and 17 ± 12, 5 ± 6, –9 ± 15, 22 ± 18 % for NPH insulin at 3, 6, 9 and 12 h after s. c. injection. HGP was similar for the two insulins, demonstrating similar metabolic actions and profiles both peripherally and at the liver. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 116–120]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050876
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A preponderance of small dense LDL is associated with specific insulin, proinsulin and the components of the insulin resistance syndrome in non-diabetic subjects (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1328-1336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin resistance syndrome ; low density lipoprotein size ; triglyceride ; high-density lipoprotein ; hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recently, the presence of small dense low density lipoprotein (LDL) has been postulated to be a stronger risk factor for coronary heart disease than large LDL. While small dense LDL has been associated with individual components of the insulin resistance syndrome such as hypertension, high triglyceride level, low high density (HDL) cholesterol, and diabetess mellitus, there has been little work exploring whether LDL size is decreased in subjects with multiple metabolic disorders. We examined the association of LDL size and pattern to specific insulin (which does not cross-react with proinsulin), proinsulin, increased triglyceride, decreased HDL, hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance in 488 non-diabetic subjects from the San Antonio Heart Study. LDL size was significantly related to specific insulin, proinsulin and the fasting proinsulin/insulin ratio. Small dense LDL was significantly associated with high triglyceride level, decreased HDL cholesterol, hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance. LDL size (å) decreased in a stepwise fashion with increasing number of the metabolic disorders described above (zero 262.6±9.4; one 257.0±9.3; two 256.4±9.4; three 249.0±9.1; and four 244.9±9.0). These results were similar in men and women and in non-Hispanic whites and Mexican Americans. The association between LDL size and the number of metabolic disorders remained statistically significant even after adjustment for obesity, body fat distribution, gender, ethnicity, proinsulin and insulin concentrations. Furthermore, decreases in LDL size are also significantly associated with both a selective beta-cell defect (as estimated by the fasting proinsulin/insulin ratio) and insulin resistance (as estimated by the fasting insulin concentrations) although the association was some-what stronger for the latter. We conclude that small dense LDL may form part of the insulin resistance syndrome in non-diabetic subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401766
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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