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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absence of the dawn phenomenon and abnormal lipolysis in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with chronic growth hormone deficiency (1992)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 35 (1992), S. 372-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Dawn phenomenon ; lipolysis ; growth hormone ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; peripheral glucose utilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To determine the role of growth hormone in overnight insulin requirements and lipolysis, five patients with chronic growth hormone deficiency and Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and six control patients with diabetes were each studied on two separate nights. Insulin was infused at a variable rate throughout one night to maintain euglycaemia and fixed at 04.00 hours on another. During the variable infusion, euglycaemia was maintained in control patients by a 36% increase in insulin infusion rate between 03.00 and 08.00 hours while a 46% decrease in the rate was required in growth hormone deficient patients (p〈0.02). Despite this difference, mean free insulin values were equivalent. This finding is suggestive of increased insulin clearance in growth hormone sufficient patients. Glucose levels rose in control and fell in growth hormone deficient patients when insulin infusion rates were fixed at 04.00 hours. Glycerol production and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations were significantly lower in the growth hormone deficient diabetic patients, p〈0.001, and when normalized with a heparin infusion, had no effect on insulin requirements. We conclude that: (1) growth hormone contributes to the development of the “dawn phenomenon,” possibly by increasing insulin clearance (2) growth hormone helps sustain nocturnal lipolysis in Type 1 diabetes and (3) non-esterified fatty acids are not involved in the dawn phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401205
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alteration in brain glucose metabolism induced by hypoglycaemia in man (1997)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 40 (1997), S. S69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Brain metabolism ; glucose metabolism ; hypoglycaemia ; counter-regulation ; epinephrine.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Glucose is the usual fuel of brain tissue. As hypoglycaemia develops, a level of glycaemia is reached where glucose transport from the circulation is no longer sufficient to meet metabolic demands, and the brain signals for peripheral counter-regulatory responses and symptoms of hypoglycaemia ensue. The glycaemic threshold for these events can be shifted to lower glucose concentrations following a single episode of hypoglycaemia, and compensating central nervous system adaptations have been postulated in man. In nondiabetic subjects, rates of brain glucose uptake are initially impaired at a systemic glucose concentration of 3.6 mmol/l; whereas after 56 h of intermittent hypoglycaemia (3.0 mmol/l) brain uptake is preserved at normal rates even at 2.5 mmol/l. Increments in counter-regulatory hormones and symptoms are also triggered at lower glucose concentrations following recurrent hypoglycaemia. In 24 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes stratified into three equal groups by HbA1 c value, those in the lowest third of HbA1 c range had rates of brain glucose uptake at 3.0 mmol/l that were equivalent to rates measured at 5.3 mmol/l. Patients in the other HbA1 c groups had rates of brain glucose uptake during hypoglycaemia that were reduced by 30 % relative to normoglycaemia – comparable to reductions seen in non-diabetic subjects. Thus, alterations in glucose uptake occur in the brain in order to maintain normal brain metabolism following experimental and clinical hypoglycaemia. Because of this enhanced glucose uptake, the brain has no need to signal for counter-regulatory responses and hypoglycaemia unawareness occurs. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: S 69–S 74]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051408
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between marine microorganisms and the wood-boring isopod Limnoria tripunctata (1978)
    Springer
    Marine biology 45 (1978), S. 329-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the boring activity of the marine wood-boring isopod Limnoria tripunctata Menzies, a common gribble. Results establish the distribution and density of microorganisms on the exoskeleton and within the digestive tract of L. tripunctata. Earlier reports on the absence of a bacterial flora within the gut were confirmed. Microbial colonization of the wood was most prominant in areas of the burrows furthest from the site of active boring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391819
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RESPONSE OF ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIAS TO THE PURINE ANTAGONIST 6-MERCAPTOPURINE (1954)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 60 (1954), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1954.tb40015.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interchange of the Ammonium and Potassium Ions in Muscle and Yeast (1941)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 148 (1941), S. 662-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SINCE the muscle membrane is permeable to the ammonium ion, from the theory of potassium equilibria previously described1,2, the following should hold: ... where a,a1, k,k1 and h,h1 are the concentrations of ammonium, potassium and hydrogen ions ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/148662a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Mechanism for the Concentrating of Potassium by Cells, with Experimental Verification for Muscle (1939)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 144 (1939), S. 709-710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE membrane considered is one of special type, with cation and anion pores, permeable to potassium but not to larger sodium ions, and permeable at the same time to small anions of the type of chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate, etc., but not to larger anions such as hexose esters, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/144709b0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Fifth British Weed Control Conference, 1960 (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 1 (1961), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1961.tb00010.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extremely rapid bursts of TeV photons from the active galaxy Markarian 421 (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 383 (1996), S. 319-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A camera consisting of 109 fast photomultipliers with a pixel size of 0.25° at the 10-metre reflector at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory1'2 images Cherenkov radiation from air showers. Image processing techniques refined using detailed Monte Carlo simulations2"4 and frequent observations ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/383319a0
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