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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facilitation of picture naming by focal transcranial magnetic stimulation of Wernicke’s area (1998)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 121 (1998), S. 371-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Transcranial magnetic stimulation ; Semantic processing ; Speech motor systems ; Picture naming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  On the basis of an evolutionary concept of language it was postulated that activation of the motor systems for arm movements, which are phylogenetically older, should facilitate language processes. In aphasic subjects picture naming can be improved by a concomitant movement of the dominant arm. In the present study it was investigated whether a similar facilitation can be observed in normal subjects by studying the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on picture naming latencies. Suprathreshold focal TMS was applied to the left motor cortex for proximal arm muscles in right-handed subjects. The effects were compared with TMS of Wernicke’s area. While TMS of the motor cortex and the non-dominant temporal lobe had no facilitatory effects, TMS of Wernicke’s area decreased picture naming latencies significantly when TMS preceded picture presentation by 500 or 1000 ms. The observed effects depended on the intensity of the stimulus used. While clearly present with intensities of 35% and 55% of maximum output the facilitation disappeared with higher stimulation intensities. It is concluded that focal magnetic stimulation is able to facilitate lexical processes due to a general preactivation of language-related neuronal networks when delivered over Wernicke’s area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050471
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determinanten der globalen Lebensqualität nach Polytrauma (2000)
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 71 (2000), S. 1132-1137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Polytrauma ; Lebensqualität ; demographische Prädikatoren ; therapieabhängige Prädikatoren. ; Keywords: Multiple trauma ; Quality of life ; Demographic factors ; Injury related factors.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. This study investigated multiple trauma patients, who were injured between 1991 and 1995 and treated in our department. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of quality of life after multiple trauma. From a total of 186 patients 173 (93 %) were examined. The patients were asked to rate their quality of life according to the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and to a visual analogue scale (VAS). The VAS and the NHP isolated the age of the patients, the duration of artificial respiration, and the duration of rehabilitation as the predictors for a reduced overall quality of life. These results show that quality of life after multiple trauma not only depends on the severity of injury but also on demographic and psychosocial factors.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Ziel dieser Studie war es, Prädikatoren zu identifizieren, die die erreichbare Lebensqualität polytraumatisierter Patienten nach Abschluß ihrer klinischen und rehabilitativen Therapie determinieren. Es wurden 173 Patienten nachuntersucht, die in den Jahren 1991–1995 ein Polytrauma per definitionem erlitten hatten. Die posttraumatische Lebensqualität der Patienten wurde mit den international etablierten Meßinstrumenten Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) und einer visuellen Analogskala (VAS) bewertet. Über die VAS und den NHP ließen sich global das Alter der Patienten zum Zeitpunkt der Polytraumatisierung, die Beatmungsdauer und die Rehabilitationsdauer als hochsignifikante Determinanten der posttraumatischen Lebensqualität differenzieren. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die erreichbare Lebensqualität nach Polytrauma nicht nur von der Schwere der Verletzungen, sondern auch von vorbestehenden, therapeutisch nicht zu beeinflussenden demographischen und psychosozialen Daten abhängig ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001040051190
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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