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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 57 (1982), S. 151-157 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Experimental ; Hematogenic ; Metastases ; Schwannoma ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To study development, growth patterns and morphology of metastatic schwannomas in an animal model, adult Lewis rats were injected intravenously with tissue culture cells derived from a malignant schwannoma induced in a female LEW/mai rat by transplacental administration of ethylnitrosourea (LNU). Groups of animals received a single injection of 0.1×105; 0.5×105; 1.0×105; 5.0×105; 10×105 or 100×105 cells via the femoral vein. The injections resulted in the development of metastatic tumors, primarily involving the lung in all animals. Lung metastases were observed in the form of microscopic and macroscopic peripheral subpleural tumors, central peribronchial and perivascular tumors, parenchymal tumors, diffuse intraalveolar infiltrates and intravascular tumor emboli which were growing. Animals receiving high dosages had a greater variety of forms of the metastatic growth in the lungs than those given low dosages. The animals which received the highest dose had the greatest degree of total lung tumor burden. In 36 of the 60 animals injected, metastatic tumors also developed in the pericardium. Thirteen animals developed metastatic tumors in the kidney, heart, ovary, adrenal, intestine or skeletal muscles. As the cell dosages were increased, more organs became involved, but no tumors developed in the brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 541-547 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The rate of hydrolysis of l-leucylglycin, l-leucyl-β-naphthylamide and l-leucyl-p-nitroanilide in serum of patients suffering from diseases of the liver and hepatobiliary tree was investigated. In diseases with obstructive jaundice l-leucyl-β-naphthyl-amide and l-leucin-p-nitroanilide are hydrolysed at an increased rate, while the hydrolysis of l-leucylglycin is unchanged. In diseases with damage to the liver parenchyma the rate of hydrolysis of l-leucylglycin is always greatly increased with no or little effect on the hydrolysis of l-leucyl-β-naphthylamide and l-leucyl-p-nitroanilide. The activity of the l-leucylglycin hydrolysing enzyme paralleles that of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase in leasions of the liver parenchyma of humans and rats.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über das Verhalten der Spaltbarkeit von L-leucylglycin, L-leucyl-β-naphthyl-amid und L-leucyl-p-nitroanilid im Serum von Patienten mit Leber- und Gallenwegserkrankungen berichtet. Bei Erkrankungen mit Cholestase werden L-leucyl-β-naphthalamid und L-leucyl-p-nitroanilid vermehrt gespalten; die Spaltung von L-leucylglycin nimmt dagegen nicht zu. Bei Leberparenchymerkrankungen wird L-leucylglycin regelmäßig sehr stark gespalten, während bei L-leucyl-β-naphthylamid und L-leucyl-p-nitroanilid keine oder nur eine geringe Zunahme der Spaltung eintritt. Das L-leucylglycin spaltende Enzym zeigt bei Leberparenchymschäden beim Menschen, sowie im Tierversuch ein paralleles Verhalten mit der GOT. Es wird die Vermutung geäußert, daß das L-leucylglycin spaltende Enzym leberspezifisch ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Saliva ethanol test ; Blood ethanol test ; Alcohol abuse/intoxication ; Emergency room
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to assess whether ethanol concentrations in saliva are comparable to those in blood and to evaluate whether this new non-invasive saliva alcohol test is suitable for use in emergency departments. Design: Prospective, open, non-randomised study. Setting: University hospital emergency department. Patients and methods: 100 consecutive patients who were admitted to the emergency department whose smell and/or behaviour indicated alcohol abuse. Fifteen patients participated as a control group after they were asked to abstain from alcohol consumption for 24 h before the study. Interventions: Blood and saliva samples were obtained at the same time for ethanol measurement. The Q.E.D. Alcohol Test A 350 was used in order to measure the concentration of ethanol in saliva. Blood samples were analysed by the alcohol dehydrogenase method. Results: The mean difference between the ethanol levels in blood and saliva was − 0.1 mg/dl, whereas the values measured in saliva were on average 0.1 mg/dl higher than those measured in blood (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The Q.E.D. Alcohol Test A 350, which uses saliva, is well suited for quantitative determination of alcohol levels. The levels measured in saliva correlate well with those measured in blood at both the lower and the upper end of the scale. Because this test is quick and easy to perform by emergency room personnel and the results are accurate enough for clinical purposes, it should prove valuable to determine whether impaired consciousness is related to alcohol intoxication or to other likely causes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 3 (1988), S. 43-47 
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A lipophilic hollow fiber membrane preparation was used for the enzymatic glucuronidation of lipophilic aromatic compounds. A crude solubilized microsomal enzyme preparation was circulated on the external side of the lipophilic membrane while the phenol containing buffer solution was circulated through the internal side of the hollow fiber membrane. Phenols, which accumulate in and penetrate the lipophilic membrane, were converted by UDP-glucuronyltransferase to the corresponding glucuronides. During this process the lipophilic compounds are converted to hydrophilic substances, which are not able to rediffuse through the lipophilic membrane into the donor side of the hollow fiber module. The produced glucuronide is separated by means of a coupled dialysis with a module of hydrophilic surface (cellulose acetate), while the enzyme protein is retained. On the stripping side of the dialysing module the glucuronide can be separated by solid phase extraction (Lichroprep RP-18) while a continuous substitution of cofactor into this compartment is possible. UDPGA follows its own concentration gradient and migrates into the enzymatic mixture, where it is utilized. This new technique using hollow fiber modules offers completely new possibilities for long-term high-capacity, highly specific glucuronidation of phenolic compounds. Fields of application are not only the economical production of special glucuronides, but also the specific elimination of phenols from waste fluids or from serum and blood of patients. For the production of glucuronides by this technique the use of highly purified enzymes is not essential. Cheap crude enzyme preparations are quite adequate for an optimal reaction. Using a crude enzyme preparation with a specific batch activity of 13 nMol/min per mg of protein, the activity in the reactor system was observed to be 4.6 nMol/min of 2-naphtol glucuronide formed per mg of protein. This corresponds to 3.6 nMol/h of product formed per mg of protein per cm2 of hollow fiber surface. Using a membrane surface of 0.5 m2 the production of 18 mMol of glucuronide per h and mg protein can be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 14 (1978), S. 367-373 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: UDP-glucuronyltransferase ; needle liver biopsies ; morphine ; 1-naphthol ; drug-inducible enzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sensitive, reliable and convenient assays are described for the study of human liver microsomal UDP-glucuronyltransferase. Using14C-1-naphthol as substrate about 2 mg of a liver biopsy specimen and for14C-morphine about 20 mg of tissue will suffice for enzyme estimation. Lack of inhibition of 1-naphthol glucuronidation by morphine suggests that the substrates are glucuronidated by different forms of the enzyme. Enzyme levels in the native and activated state were studied in biopsies from patients grouped according to histopathological and clinical criteria. The enzyme assays may help to characterize UDP-glucuronyltransferases in human tissues and their induction by drugs and environmental chemicals, as well as their alteration in various diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 33 (1977), S. 226-227 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The largest gap in the list of reciprocal interatomic distances is used to limit the coordination polyhedra. For the structure types AIB2 and NiAs, the polyhedra are evaluated according to c/a. In plots of c/a versus rA/rB, the various coordination types correspond to actually observed families of representatives. These results as well as others from more than 50 structure types support the view that coordination as limited by the largest gap is a realistic factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 27 (1971), S. 388-390 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: If it is made a condition that the volume of the arrangement be finite, the close sphere packings may be regarded as arrangements of objects having the largest possible separations between neighbours. In this case the arrangement of the centres is considered, and the assumptions of a spherical shape and of mutual contact are not necessary. The motives for applying this viewpoint in crystal chemistry, and its fruitfulness, are discussed. The paper aims at a plausible understanding of crystal structures and their metrics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0005-2736
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Biomembranes 507 (1978), S. 419-424 
    ISSN: 0005-2736
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Biomembranes 507 (1978), S. 408-418 
    ISSN: 0005-2736
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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