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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical & engineering data 33 (1988), S. 115-117 
    ISSN: 1520-5134
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 178 (1991), S. 648-655 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry 12 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1708-8240
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Purpose: For contemporary hydrophilic resin adhesive systems, bonding to dentin is improved if the substrate is maintained in a hydrated state following acid-etching. The purpose of this study was to compare the dentin shear bond strengths of two single-bottle adhesives (one acetone-based and one ethanol-based) applied under different etched-dentin conditions: dry, wet, or dry and re-wetted with different solutions. Materials and Methods: Bovine incisors (N = 120) were mounted in acrylic, polished to 600-grit, and randomly assigned to 12 groups (n = 10). Dentin was etched for 15 seconds using 35% phosphoric acid, rinsed, and either blot-dried, air-dried, or air-dried and re-wetted with different solutions (distilled water, Gluma Desensitizer, Aqua-Prep, and 5% glutaraldehyde in water). Two adhesives (Single Bond and Prime & Bond NT) were applied to each of the surface conditions following manufacturers' instructions. After adhesive application and curing, composite was applied in a No. 5 gelatin capsule and light-cured. Specimens were loaded in shear, using an Instron at 5 mm per minute. Shear bond strengths were calculated by dividing the failure load by the bonded surface area. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a post hoc Tukey test. Results: Mean shear bond strengths ranged from 12.5 to 26.6 MPa for Single Bond and from 5.6 to 14.7 MPa for Prime & Bond NT. Significant differences were found in both groups of materials (p 〈 .001). The three highest mean bond strengths were obtained (in order) on dentin that was re-wetted with Gluma Desensitizer, re-wetted with Aqua-Prep, or never dried. Differences between these surface conditions were not statistically significant for either material.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEDifferent dentin surface conditions and re-wetting techniques affected bond strengths for adhesives studied. Aqua-Prep and Gluma Desensitizer can be successfully used as re-wetting agents. The use of a re-wetting agent may be beneficial when dentin is dried after acid-etching and rinsing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry 12 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1708-8240
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Purpose: To evaluate resin bond strength to enamel contaminated with handpiece oil. Materials and Methods: Bovine teeth were randomly assigned to six groups of 20 teeth each for treatment with one of six different bonding systems (five one-bottle and one multibottle). For each system, 10 enamel specimens were contaminated with handpiece oil before acid-etching and 10 were contaminated after acid-etching. The enamel was etched for 15 seconds using 35% phosphoric acid. Following adhesive application, composite resin was bonded using a gelatin capsule technique. Shear bond strengths from the two contaminated groups were compared to bond strengths to uncontaminated enamel obtained from a previous study that was performed by the same group of investigators, using the same facility, materials, and methods. Results: Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the factor “surface contamination” did not have a significant effect on bond strength (p 〉 .542). The type of adhesive and the interaction of adhesive and surface contamination were significant (p 〈.0001 and p 〈.003, respectively). When oil was applied before etching, mean bond strengths ranged from 18.0 ± 4.8 MPa for OptiBond SOLO (Kerr Corp., Orange, California) to 25.3 ± 5.6 MPa for Tenure Quik with Fluoride (Den-Mat Corp., Santa Maria, California). With oil applied after etching, bond strengths ranged from 18.4 ± 8.0 MPa for Tenure Quik with Fluoride to 27.4 ± 5.4 MPa for Single Bond (3M Dental Products, St. Paul, Minnesota). For the same adhesive, comparing uncontaminated and “oil-before-etch” contaminated groups, the only statistically significant difference in bond strengths was for OptiBond SOLO: 21.8 ± 4.0 MPa (uncontaminated) versus 18.0 ± 4.8 MPa (oil before etch). Comparing uncontaminated and “oil-after-etch” groups, the only statistically significant difference was for Tenure: 24.5 ± 5.7 MPa (uncontaminated) and 18.4 ± 8.0 MPa (oil after etch).CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCESurface contamination with handpiece lubricant oil does not impair appreciably the efficacy of the adhesives used in this study when bonding composite resin to enamel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 87 (1983), S. 2430-2436 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 11 (1990), S. 109-117 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: fugacity ; hydrogen mixtures ; isobutane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The fugacity coefficients of hydrogen in binary mixtures with isobutane were measured using a physical equilibrium technique. This technique involves the use of an experimental chamber which is divided into two regions by a semipermeable membrane through which hydrogen, but not isobutane, can penetrate. Measurement of the gas pressures inside and outside the membrane allow a direct measurement of the hydrogen component fugacity at a given temperature, binary mixture mole fraction, and mixture pressure. In this paper, results are reported at 120, 140, 160, and 180°C. In each case, the total pressure of the mixture was maintained at an average value of 3.40 MPa. The general qualitative features of the data are discussed, and comparisions are made with predictions obtained from the Redlich-Kwong and the Peng-Robinson equations of state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 11 (1990), S. 889-896 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: binary mixtures ; ethane ; fugacity ; hydrogen mixtures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The fugacity coefficients of hydrogen in binary mixtures with ethane were measured. Data were taken using an experimental chamber which is divided into two regions by a semipermeable membrane through which hydrogen, but not ethane, can penetrate. The measurement of the gas pressures inside and outside the membrane gives the hydrogen component fugacity at a given temperature, binary mixture mole fraction, and mixture pressure. In this paper, results are reported at mixture pressures of 5.25, 6.97, 10.21, and 13.47 MPa. In each case, the temperature of the mixture was maintained at an average value of 130°C (403.15 K). The general qualitative features of the data are discussed, and comparisons are made with predictions obtained from the Redlich-Kwong and Peng-Robinson equations of state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 7 (1986), S. 1077-1089 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: compressed gas ; compressed liquid ; compressibility ; density ; fluids ; measurements ; methanol ; PVT behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of the PVT behavior of compressed gas and liquid methanol are reported. Pressure versus temperature observations were made along paths of very nearly constant density (pseudoisochores) in the temperature range from about 100 to 300°C and at pressures to about 35 MPa. Eighteen pseudoisochores were determined, ranging in density from about 2 to 22 mol · dm−3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 7 (1986), S. 1053-1063 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: carbon dioxide ; fugacity coefficients ; fugacity measurements ; gas chromatograph ; gas mixtures ; hydrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The fugacity coefficients of hydrogen in binary mixtures with carbon dioxide were measured using a physical equilibrium technique. This technique involves the use of an experimental chamber which is divided into two regions by a semipermeable membrane. Hydrogen can penetrate and pass through the membrane, while the other component (in this case carbon dioxide) cannot. At equilibrium, pure hydrogen will permeate into one “compartment” of the chamber, while the binary mixture occupies the other compartment. Thus, the pressure of pure hydrogen on one side of the membrane approaches the partial pressure of hydrogen in the mixture on the other side of the membrane. This allows the direct measurement of the hydrogen component fugacity at a given mixture mole fraction. In this study, results are reported for measurements made on the hydrogen+carbon dioxide binary at 80°C (353 K), 130°C (403 K), 160°C (433 K), and 190°C (463 K), each at a total mixture pressure of 3.45 MPa. The experimental results are compared with predictions from the Redlich-Kwong, Peng-Robinson, and extended corresponding-states models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 8 (1987), S. 437-447 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: ethane ; fugacity ; hydrogen ; mixtures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The fugacity coefficients of hydrogen in binary mixtures with ethane were measured using a physical equilibrium technique. This technique involves the use of an experimental chamber which is divided into two regions by a semipermeable membrane through which hydrogen, but not ethane, can penetrate. Measurement of the gas pressures inside and outside of the membrane allows a direct measurement of the hydrogen component fugacity coefficient at a given temperature and binary-mixture mole fraction. In this paper, results are reported at 101, 116, 141, 151, 160, and 190°C. In each case the total pressure of the mixture was maintained at 3.41 MPa. The qualitative features of the measurements are discussed and comparisons are made with predictions obtained from the Redlich-Kwong, Peng-Robinson, and extended corresponding-states models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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