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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of 3,3′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) Injected into the Yolks of Chicken (Gallus domesticus) Eggs Prior to Incubation (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 31 (1996), S. 404-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The yolks of White Leghorn chicken (Gallus domesticus) eggs were injected prior to incubation with either 3,3′,4,4′,5- pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) at doses ranging from 0.1 to 12.8 μg/kg egg or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) at doses ranging from 0.04 to 0.64 μg/kg egg. Chicks were subjected to necropsy within 24 h of hatching. The brain, bursa, heart, liver, and spleen were removed and weighed. Assessment of the rate of hatching indicated an LD50±S.E. of 2.3±0.19 μg/kg egg (7.1±0.58 nmol/kg egg) for PCB 126 and 0.15 ± 0.012 μg/kg egg (0.47 ± 0.037 nmol/kg egg) for TCDD. No significant differences in the incidence of developmental abnormalities (structural defects and edema) were observed in TCDD-exposed embryos, while PCB 126 caused significantly more developmental abnormalities at 3.2, 6.4, and 12.8 μg/kg egg than the vehicle control. PCB 126 caused lower hatchling weights and greater relative brain, heart, and liver weights when compared to the vehicle control group at a dose of 3.2 μg/kg egg which is greater than the LD50. TCDD at 0.08 μg/kg egg caused relative bursa weights to be less than those of the vehicle control. A toxic equivalency factor (TEF) of 0.07 was determined for PCB 126 in relation to TCDD based on overt lethality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900125
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Dietary Exposure to Fumonisins from Fusarium moniliforme Culture Material (M-1325) on the Reproductive Performance of Female Mink (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 31 (1996), S. 286-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Adult female mink (Mustela vison) were fed diets that contained Fusarium moniliforme culture material that provided low- or high-dose dietary concentrations of 86 or 200 ppm fumonisin B1, 22 or 42 ppm fumonisin B2, and 7 or 12 ppm fumonisin B3, respectively, from approximately two weeks prior to breeding through gestation and lactation. Breeding performance of the females was not affected by consumption of the fumonisin diets. However, 58% of the mated females fed the high-dose diet (254 ppm total fumonisins) whelped compared to 100% of those fed the control and low-dose diets (115 ppm fumonisins). There was a statistically significant, dose-dependent decrease in kit (young mink) body weights at birth and a notable, but non-significant, decrease in litter size. The percentage of stillborn kits was directly proportional to the concentration of fumonisins in the dams' diets. Fumonisin concentrations in milk collected from those fed the high-dose diets were approximately 0.7% of the dietary fumonisin concentrations. Lactational exposure to fumonisins did not significantly decrease kit survival from birth through three weeks of age. Hepatic cell vacuolation was present in 25% of the control and 80% of the high-dose adults. No treatment-related gross or histologic lesions were observed in the kit mink. Numerous differences in hematologic and serum chemical parameters were noted between the control and fumonisin-exposed mink.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212379
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of sublethal concentrations of aflatoxins on the reproductive performance of mink (1993)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 50 (1993), S. 750-756 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194672
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The prolonged exposure of Japanese quail to carbaryl and its effects on growth and reproductive parameters (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 17 (1977), S. 360-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Carbaryl fed to Japanese quail over a 14 week period resulted in decreased body weight, increased relative brain, liver and kidney weights in one or both sexes at levels of 900 ppm or higher. Significant differences were not found in the F1 birds at the same levels after 6 weeks. It appears that the time of exposure is critical and that parental diet is not. There were no significant differences in egg production, hatchability or fertility although trends toward reduction of these parameters were developing at the 900 and 1200 ppm levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01686091
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The prolonged exposure of Japanese quail to carbaryl and its effects on neurochemical and blood chemical parameters (1979)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 21 (1979), S. 144-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Whole-brain dopamine levels were significantly elevated in male Japanese quail fed 600 and 1200 ppm carbaryl in the diet for 14 weeks. Whole-brain AChE activity, whole-brain and heart norepinephrine levels, adrenal norepinephrine and epinephrine levels and plasma glucose levels were not altered by carbaryl. No effects were noted in the females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01685402
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The efficacy of mineral oil combined with feed restriction in enhancing the elimination of heptachlor epoxide from mink (Mustela vison) (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 26 (1994), S. 374-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Adult female mink previously fed diets containing 0 (control) and 6.25 mg heptachlor/kg diet for 181 days were fed either the same control diet ad libitum (AL) or the control diet containing 10% mineral oil and restricted by 45% of ad libitum intake (MO/R) for 21 days to determine the efficacy of the latter treatment in enhancing the elimination of heptachlor epoxide (HE) from mink. Kit mink (2–3 months of age) whelped by dams of the control and 6.25 mg/kg groups were also fed the MO/R or AL diets for 21 days. Daily consumption (g/kg bw/day) of the AL diet by kit mink was significantly greater than consumption of the same diet by the adult females. Body weights of the control adults and the control and 6.25 mg/kg kits were significantly reduced by feeding the MO/R diet. Two adults from the control group and one adult from the 6.25 mg/kg group fed the MO/R diet died during the 21-day period. No mortalities occurred in kit mink fed either diet. Administration of the MO/R diet caused a significant reduction in body fat of the control adults and kits, but not in the 6.25 mg/kg adults and kits. Decreases in body fat of the MO/R groups were not associated with greater elimination of HE when compared to the AL groups. Comparison of HE body burdens in adult female and kit mink from the former 6.25 mg/kg heptachlor group at day 21 indicated that consumption of the MO/R diet did not increase the elimination of HE when compared to day 21 HE body burdens in adults and kits fed the AL diet. Heptachlor epoxide body burdens were reduced by 78 (MO/R) and 80% (AL) in the 6.25 mg/kg adults, while HE elimination from the 6.25 mg/kg kits was 96 and 93%, respectively. The half-lives of HE in the adults were 9.1 (AL) and 10.9 (MO/R) days, and 4.9 (AL) and 4.6 (MO/R) days in the kits. These results indicate that HE is readily mobilized and eliminated from mink.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203565
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mercury Accumulation in Mink Fed Fish Collected from Streams on the Oak Ridge Reservation (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 33 (1997), S. 312-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This study evaluates effects of feeding mercury (Hg) contaminated fish collected from streams on the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) on mink. Diets composed of 25, 50, or 75% fish collected from streams on the ORR were fed to mink beginning 3 months prior to breeding and ending 6 weeks following whelping. Mercury concentrations in diets, tissues of adult mink and their offspring, and physiological and reproductive effects were recorded and compared to concentrations and effects observed in mink fed diets composed of 75% fish collected from the Clinch River above the ORR or from the ocean. Mercury concentrations in prepared diets and in tissues of adult mink and their offspring increased progressively with increased percentage of ORR fish in the diets. Female mink fed diets containing 75% ORR fish had reduced body weight and a decreased number of kits compared to those fed diets containing 75% fish collected above the ORR or from the ocean. However, based on previously reported Hg concentrations associated with adverse effects in mink, the observed adverse effects are not thought to result from exposure to Hg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900258
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organochlorine Contaminants in Double-Crested Cormorants from Green Bay, Wisconsin: II. Effects of an Extract Derived from Cormorant Eggs on the Chicken Embryo (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 32 (1997), S. 316-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. White Leghorn chicken (Gallus domesticus) eggs were injected prior to incubation with one of four concentrations (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 egg-equivalent) of an extract derived from 1,000 double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs collected at Spider Island adjacent to Green Bay in Lake Michigan. One egg-equivalent corresponded to the concentration of contaminants present in an average cormorant egg. This was approximately 322 pg toxic equivalents (TEQs)/g, ww egg with polychlorinatedbiphenyl congener 126 (3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl) accounting for over 70% of the TEQs. Injection of 1.0 egg-equivalent resulted in 77% mortality at hatch. The incidence of developmental abnormalities (structural defects or edema) was not affected by injection of the extract. Body weight gain of chicks was reduced in the 1.0 egg-equivalent dose group in the first, second, and third week's post-hatch. Relative brain weights were greater and relative bursa weights were less in the 1.0 egg-equivalent dose group than in the vehicle control at three weeks of age. There were no significant differences in the relative weights of the heart, liver, spleen, testes, or comb among treated and control birds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900191
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of deoxynivalenol on feed consumption and body weight gains in mink (Mustela vison) (1993)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 51 (1993), S. 6-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00200993
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feeding Growing Mink (Mustela vison) PCB Aroclor® 1254 Does Not Affect Baculum (Os-penis) Development (2000)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 64 (2000), S. 443-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001280000020
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