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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucose-induced loss of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane regulators of complement activation (CD59, CD55) by in vitro cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 1039-1047 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords CD59 ; CD55 ; CD46 ; endothelial cells ; glucose ; diabetes mellitus ; vascular complications ; MAC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. This study examines whether increased glucose concentrations are responsible for a decreased expression of membrane regulators of complement activation molecules. The effect of high glucose in determining an increase in membrane attack complex deposition on endothelial cells was also investigated. Methods. Endothelial cells were isolated from umbilical cord tissue, cultured in the presence of increased concentrations of glucose, and the expression of CD46, CD55, and CD59 was detected by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and by flow cytometry. Glucose-treated endothelial cells were also incubated with antiendothelial cell antibodies and fresh complement to assess the amount of membrane attack complex formation. Results. High concentrations of glucose decreased the expression of CD59 and CD55 by endothelial cells in a time-dependent and glucose concentration-dependent manner without affecting CD46 expression. High concentrations of soluble CD59 were found in the supernatants of cells treated with high glucose. The decrease in CD59 expression induced by high glucose concentrations was reversed by coincubation of cells with a calcium channel blocking agent (Verapamil). All of these effects were not reproduced by osmotic control media. Cells treated with concentrations of high glucose were more susceptible to complement activation and membrane attack complex formation after exposure to antiendothelial cell antibodies. Conclusion/Interpretation. We speculate that hyperglycaemia could directly contribute to a loss of CD59 and CD55 molecules through a calcium-dependent phosphoinositol-specific phospholipase C activation and subsequent regulation of cell wall expression of GPI-anchored proteins. This phenomenon could facilitate the activation of a complement pathway and could play a part in the aetiology of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 1039–1047]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051487
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphonuclear leucocyte rheology and cytosolic Ca2+ content after activation in chronic renal failure (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Nephrology 6 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: SUMMARY: We evaluated polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) flow properties in patients with clinically stable chronic renal failure (CRF) and in control subjects at baseline and after activation with 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). Initial relative flow rate (IRFR) and clogging particles (CPs) were obtained using the St. George's Filtrometer, and PMN membrane fluidity was assessed by marking PMNs with 1-(4-(trimethylamino)phenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMA-DPH). PMN cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was determined by marking PMNs with Fura 2-AM. At baseline, CRF patients showed a significant increase only in PMN cytosolic Ca2+ content. After activation with PMA and fMLP, a decrease in IRFR and an increase in CP were observed in both control subjects and CRF patients, although the variation in IRFR present in the group of CRF patients was greater than in the control group. After activation with PMA and fMLP, we found a decrease in PMN membrane fluidity only in CRF patients, but no variation in PMN cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in either group was observed. These results provide evidence for PMN dysfunction in chronic renal failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1797.2001.00049.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diabetes Mellitus: Mean Erythrocyte Aggregation, Glycometabolic Pattern, Red Cell Ca^2^+ Content, and Erythrocyte Membrane Dynamic Properties
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Microvascular Research 46 (1993), S. 401-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 0026-2862
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/mvre.1993.1063
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphonuclear leukocyte membrane fluidity and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in diabetes mellitus (1998)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 35 (1998), S. 158-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words Type 1 diabetes mellitus ; Type 2 diabetes mellitus ; Neutrophil ; Membrane fluidity ; Cytosolic calcium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated polymorphonuclear membrane (PMN) fluidity in 32 subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus, 38 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 38 normal control subjects, by marking intact and unstimulated PMN cells with the fluorescent probe 1-[4-(trimethylamino)phenyl]-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMA-DPH). We also evaluated PMN cytosolic Ca2+ content by marking intact and unstimulated PMN cells with the fluorescent probe Fura 2-AM. PMN membrane fluidity differentiated normal subjects from type 1 and 2 diabetic subjects. The PMN cytosolic Ca2+ concentration did not discriminate type 1 and 2 diabetic subjects from normal control subjects. No statistical correlation was found between PMN membrane fluidity and PMN cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in any of the groups of subjects, nor were significant correlations found between PMN membrane fluidity and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in several plasma parameters (serum glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides). In conclusion, in type 1 and 2 diabetic patients we found a decrease in PMN membrane fluidity and this decrease, which was greater in type 2 diabetic patients, may be a marker of PMN dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005920050122
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphonuclear leukocyte membrane fluidity before and after activation in subjects with insulin resistance (2000)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 37 (2000), S. 9-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp ; Obesity ; Type 2 diabetes mellitus ; Acanthosis nigricans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this research was the evaluation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) membrane fluidity in subjects with insulin resistance. Insulin sensitivity, in fact, may be influenced by plasma membrane fluidity. We enrolled 19 subjects with insulin resistance previously demonstrated during an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. PMN membrane fluidity was studied by labeling intact cells with the fluorescent probe 1-[4-(trimethyl-amino)phenyl]-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene and calculating the fluorescence polarization degree. The measurement was made before and after incubation of PMNs with two activating agents: 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMN) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). The baseline data showed a reduction of PMN memebrane fluidity in subjects wit insulin resistance. After PMN activation with PMA and fMLP, no significant variation in membrane fluidity was present in PMNs from normals, while in those from subjects with insulin resistance a slight decrease in PMN membrane fluidity was found only after activation with fMLP. The behavior of PMN membrane fluidity, before and after activation, distinguishes insulin-resistant subjects from normal controls, although the effect cannot be directly correlated with the degree of insulin resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005920070029
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resting energy expenditure and body composition in morbidly obese, obese and control subjects (1994)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 31 (1994), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Obesity ; Resting metabolic rate ; Body composition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Resting energy expenditure (REE) was investigated by indirect calorimetry in relation to body composition and to different degrees of obesity in order to assess if a defective energy expenditure contributes to extra body fat accumulation. Differences were found between control subjects (group C; BMI 23±0.5 kg/m2, REE 5890±218 kJ/day; mean±SEM) and obese subjects (group O; BMI 34.2±0.9 kg/m2, REE 7447±360 kJ/day;P〈0.0001) and between group C and morbidly obese subjects (group MO; BMI 49.9±1.6 kg/m2, REE 8330±360 kJ/day;P〈0.0001); REE was not significantly different between groups O and MO. Body composition data were obtained by means of body impedance analysis. Even though group MO had a fat mass higher than group O, body cell mass, the metabolically active body compartment, was similar in groups O and MO, and this fact may have contributed to the similar REE in the two groups. Multiple regression analysis gave the following equation as the best predictor of REE: REE (kJ/day)+1591±49BW+74BCM−737 G (R 2=0.88), where BW is body weight, BCM is body cell mass andG is a dummy variable coding group membership (group C=1; group O=2; group MO=3). Thus the analysis showed a negative impact of obesity on REE beyond body composition variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00580761
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical evidence for the proximity to a spin-density-wave metallic state in $\mathsf{Na_{0.7}CoO_2}$ (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 40 (2004), S. 231-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We present the optical properties of Na0.7CoO2 single crystals, measured over a broad spectral range as a function of temperature (T). The capability to cover the energy range from the far-infrared up to the ultraviolet allows us to perform reliable Kramers-Kronig transformation, in order to obtain the absorption spectrum (i.e., the complex optical conductivity). To the complex optical conductivity we apply the generalized Drude model, extracting the frequency dependence of the scattering rate ( $\Gamma$ ) and effective mass (m *) of the itinerant charge carriers. We find that $\Gamma(\omega)\sim \omega$ at low temperatures and for $\omega 〉 T$ . This suggests that Na0.7CoO2 is at the verge of a spin-density-wave metallic phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00275-9
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