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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ramixotidine ; oesophagitis ; duodenal ulcer ; gastro-oesophageal reflux ; histamine H2-antagonist ; intragastric pH monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of the new histamine H2-receptor antagonist ramixotidine 750 mg p.o., administered at 22.00 h, on intragastric and intraoesophageal pH monitored from 22.00 h to 08.00 h, was studied in a double-blind cross-over trial in 11 duodenal ulcer patients. Placebo and ramixotidine were given to each patient on 2 consecutive days in a randomized sequence. Three patients were excluded from the intragastric pH analysis as the records on the second study day were technically inadequate. No significant carry-over or sequence effect was noted. Intragastric hydrogen ion activity was significantly lower (p=0.01) after ramixotidine than after placebo: median (range) 24 (9–100) vs 97 (27–188) mmol/l. The percentage of time with intraoesophageal pH 〈4 was less than 5% in all but three recordings, with a maximum value of 12%, and it was not significantly different after the two treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; ramixotidine ; prolactin ; testosterone ; 17 beta-estradiol ; H2-receptors ; CM 57755A ; gastrin ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three groups of eight healthy male volunteers received placebo for 2 days, then daily morning doses either of cimetidine 800 mg, ramixotidine 750 mg (CM 57755A), or placebo, for 14 days, and then were all returned to placebo for one more day. Plasma levels of prolactin, testosterone and 17β-estradiol were measured on Days 2, 3, 16 and 17 in blood samples taken 30 and 15 min before and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 min after treatment. Gastrin was assayed in blood collected on the same days 180 min after treatment. Mean pre- and post-treatment areas under the time-concentration curves of the first three hormones were not significantly different in the three groups on any test day, or within the same group throughout the four test days. Mean plasma gastrin levels ranged between 27 and 42 pg/ml, respectively, in the placebo and cimetidine treated groups on test day 3, and intermediate values were found in the group receiving CM 57755A. There was no statistically significant difference in gastrin level between the groups on any test day or within the same group throughout the four test days. No subjective side-effects attributable to the treatments were reported, and there were no abnormalities in blood pressure, heart rate or standard laboratory tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Methods: The effects of three months of treatment with octreotide on gastric acid hypersecretion induced by hypergastrinaemia were investigated in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (n= 5) or antral G-cell hyperfunction (n= 4). Gastric acid secretion, fasting plasma gastrin concentrations and clinical findings were examined, and a morphometrical analysis of oxyntic endocrine cells was performed. Results: Administration of octreotide 100 meg b.d. subcutaneously significantly decreased the volume density of argyrophil cells (P 〈 0.05) as well as basal and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion (P 〈 0.05). Although partial or complete loss of inhibition was found in most patients after 3 months, gastrin levels were decreased during the first 2 months of treatment (P 〈 0.05). Fundic D-cells were not affected by treatment. Positive correlations were observed between volume density of argyrophil cells and basal acid output (r= 0.65); plasma gastrin and basal acid output (r= 0.74); plasma gastrin concentrations and volume density of argyrophil cells (r= 0.80). Conclusion: These results support the important role of the enterochromamn-like cell in maintaining acid secretion, and indicate a specific role for octreotide in the therapy of gastric acid hypersecretion associated with hypergastrinaemic diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: BBR3464 ; phase I ; platinum analog ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives:To define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), thetoxicity and pharmacokinetic profile of BBR3464, a novel triplatinum complex. Patients and methods:Fourteen patients with advanced solid tumorsnot responsive to previous antitumor treatments received BBR 3464 on a daily× 5 schedule every twenty-eighth day. The drug was given as a one-hourinfusion with pre-and post-treatment hydration (500 ml in one hour) and noantiemetic prophylaxis. The starting dose was 0.03 mg/m2/day. Amodified accelerated titration escalation design was used. Total and freeplatinum (Pt) concentrations in plasma and urine were assessed by ICP-MS ondays 1 and 5 of the first cycle. Results:Dose was escalated four times up to 0.17mg/m2/day. Short-lasting neutropenia and diarrhea of late onsetwere dose-limiting and defined the MTD at 0.12 mg/m2. Nausea andvomiting were rare, neither neuro- nor renal toxic effects were observed.BBR3464 showed a rapid distribution phase of 1 hour and a terminal half-lifeof several days. At 0.17 mg/m2 plasma Cmax and AUC on day 5 werehigher than on day 1, indicating drug accumulation. Approximately 10%of the equivalent dose of BBR3464 (2.2%–13.4%) wasrecovered in a 24-hour urine collection. Conclusions:The higher than expected incidence of neutropenia andGI toxicity might be related to the prolonged half-life and accumulation oftotal and free Pt after daily administrations. Lack of nephrotoxicity and thelow urinary excretion support the use of the drug without hydration. Thesingle intermittent schedule has been selected for clinical development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 34 (1989), S. 509-512 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: opioids ; naloxone ; gastrointestinal motility ; breath test ; obesity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Orocecal transit time was assessed with lactulose hydrogen breath test in 12 obese patients during intravenous infusion of placebo or naloxone 40 μg/kg/hr given in randomized order and in double-blind conditions. Transit time was also evaluated in 22 healthy controls. Orocecal transit was significantly (P〈0.01) longer in the obese patients during placebo treatment (median 130, range 100–200 min) than in the healthy controls (median 75, range 40–170 min). Compared with placebo, transit time in the obese subjects was delayed (P〈0.05) during naloxone treatment (median 150, range 100–230 min).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 33 (1988), S. 1525-1527 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: breath test ; gastrointestinal motility ; constipation ; obesity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The within-subject repeatability of orocecal transit assessed with lactulose hydrogen breath test was evaluated in 15 healthy volunteers and 16 constipated or obese patients. The test was repeated twice in each subject. Mean (sd) transit time was 105 (63) and 103 (60) min in the first and second series of tests, respectively, showing that the first measurement did not affect the second. The within-subject repeatability of the test was related to the length of transit, the scatter of the differences between the first and second test being greater with the increase of the mean gastrointestinal transit time. The 95% coefficient of repeatability was 84 min for all measurements and 30 and 118 min, respectively, for transit times under and over 100 min. The lowest reproducibility of the test was found in constipated patients with prolonged orocecal transit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 31 (1986), S. 1313-1316 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lactose malabsorption was assessed by the hydrogen breath test in 40 Italian patients with irritable bowel syndrome and 42 controls without abdominal disturbances. Sixty-five percent of patients were “low milk consumers” (0–250 ml milk per day) compared with 38% of controls (P〈0.02). Lactose loads of 25 and 50 g caused malabsorption in 82.5 and 87.5% patients and in 55 and 62% controls, respectively (patients vs controlsP〈0.02). Malabsorption was more frequent in the “low milk consumers” group (P〈0.05). During a four-month lactose-free diet as the only treatment 7.5% of patients became symptomfree (and remained so for a further eight-month diet), 52.5% improved, and 40% showed no change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 32 (1987), S. 829-832 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: naloxone ; loperamide ; orocecal transit ; hydrogen breath test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Orocecal transit time was determined by the lactulose hydrogen breath test in nine healthy volunteers after administration of placebo, loperamide (16 mgper os), and loperamide (16 mgper os) followed by oral naloxone at doses of 16 and 32 mg. The four tests were performed in double-blind conditions and in random sequences. Transit time (mean,sd) after loperamide (128.8 min, 32.9) was significantly increased (P〈0.05) compared with placebo (85.5 min, 35.7), loperamide followed by naloxone 16 mg (88.8 min, 46.2), and loperamide followed by naloxone 32 mg (84.4 min, 40.6). These results show that the peripheral opioid agonist loperamide delays orocecal transit in healthy subjects and that naloxoneper os at adequate doses antagonizes this effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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