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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 12 (1969), S. 68-89 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Chronic ; Polymyositis ; Megaconial Mitochondria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bizarre Konfiguration von Muskelmitochondrien mit Gehalt an parakristallinen Einschlüssen wurden in einem klinisch-morphologisch typischen Fall von chronischer Polymyositis mit Raynaud-Syndrom beobachtet. Die möglichen Bildungsmechanismen dieser abnormen Mitochondrien werden diskutiert. Aus den Begleitläsionen derselben Fasern, wie fokale Anhäufung von sarkoplasmatischem Reticulum, membranösen Profilen, Miniaturmitochondrien und vesiculären Kernen mit hervortretenden Nucleoli wird das generalisierte Phänomen als atypischer Regenerationsprozeß gedeutet. Die Details der Untereinheiten der parakristallinen Einschlüsse werden beschrieben und als Fadenstrukturen in Doppel-Helix-Anordnung interpretiert. Die Unspezifität dieser Mitochondrienanomalien ergibt sich aus 19 anderen Fällen des Schrifttums mit einem weiten Spektrum an klinischer Symptomatik, Diagnose, Erkrankungsalter und Geschlechtsverteilung. Die Mitochondrienveränderungan sich ergibt daher keine spezifische Muskelerkrankung. Der Nachweis von Myxovirus-ähnlichen Strukturen in allen drei Biopsie-Präparaten wird unter Berücksichtigung der gleichzeitig vorliegenden abnormen Mitochondrien diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Bizarre configurations of muscle mitochondria containing paracrystalline inclusions were demonstrated in a clinically and pathologically typical case of chronic polymyositis with Raynaud's syndrome. The probable mechanism of formation of these abnormal mitochondria was discussed. From the accompanied alterations in the same fibers, i.e. focal assembly of sarcoplasmic reticulum, membranous profiles, miniature mitochondria, and vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli, the overall phenomena were interpreted as a process of atypical regeneration. The detail of the subunits of the paracrystalline inclusions was described and considered to be filamentous structures arranged in double helix. Non-specificity of these mitochondrial abnormalities was evident in 19 other reported cases with a wide range of symptoms, signs, clinical diagnosis, age, and sex distribution. The mitochondrial alterationsper se do not, therefore, reflect any specific muscle disease. Observations of myxovirus-like structures in all 3 biopsy specimens in the present case is discussed in conjunction with the concurrent abnormal mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 17 (1971), S. 150-155 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease ; Kuru Plaques ; Electron Microscopy ; Subacute Presenile Polioencephalopathy ; Histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zahlreiche PAS-positive Plaques fanden sich im Kleinhirn eines Falles von Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrom. Die licht- und elektronenoptischen Strukturen der Plaques waren identisch mit den bei Kuru-Fällen beschriebenen. Diese Befunde bilden ein weiteres Bindeglied zwischen diesen beiden neurologischen Erkrankungen, die viele gemeinsame klinische, histopathologische und virologische Eigenschaften besitzen.
    Notes: Summary Numerous periodic-acid-Schiff positive plaques occurred in the cerebellum of a patient diagnosed as having Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Microscopic and submicroscopic structures of the plaques were identical with those described in Kuru. This is an additional link between these two neurological diseases in which the clinical, histopathological, and virological features are in many respects similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 22 (1972), S. 183-189 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: β-β′-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) ; Axonal Balloons ; Protein Turnover Autoradiography ; H3-Leucine ; Spinal Motoneurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Autoradiography was performed in order to envisage the turnover of H3-leucin labeled protein in the perikarya of spinal motoneurons and in the axonal balloons formed after repeated administrations of IDPN (β-β′-iminodiproprionitrile) in rats. These results suggested that (1) there was no significant, if any,in situ protein synthesis within the axon balloons, (2) the protein turnover was not appreciably altered in the perikarya of the control and IDPN-intoxicated rats, and (3) the labeled protein collected in the axon balloons seemed to be transported from the perikarya to which they were linked with short axonal segments (30 μ in average length).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 54 (1981), S. 211-218 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Congenital hydrocephalus ; Rat model ; Polygenic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hydrocephalic neonates were observed in a small breeding colony of rats. Normal rats from this colony were obtained and brother-sister mated for seven generations. The overall prevalence of hydrocephalics was approximately 23%; however, in one subline, the prevalence approached 50%. Breeding data suggested the trait to be polygenic. Hydrocephalics could be detected at 1–2 days of age, and survived for 4–5 weeks. Dilatation of the ventricles was restricted to the lateral ventricles. No evidence of developmental anomalies was seen within the ventricles. Preliminary evidence suggested that the pathophysiology may be related to poorly developed veins in the periosteal-dural layers and to underdeveloped pia-arachnoid cells. The hydrocephalus was classified as being of the communicating type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 41 (1978), S. 45-54 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Werdnig-Hoffmann disease ; Infantile spinal muscular atrophy ; Anterior spinal nerve roots ; Posterior spinal nerve roots ; Glial bundles ; Displaced motor neurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Light and electron microscopic study and morphometric analysis were performed on the spinal cords and roots from six cases of acute Werdnig-Hoffmann disease and four control cases, in search of the pathogenesis of the selective motor neuron changes considered primarily responsible for Werdnig-Hoffmann disease. This investigation posits a centrifugal traction mechanism based upon the discovery of cylindrical outgrowths of glial bundles, selective loss of large myelinated fibers, and axonal degeneration in the proximal portion of anterior spinal roots (and to a lesser extent in posterior spinal roots) in all six disease cases. This traction mechanism exerts principally upon anterior spinal nerve roots and can account for morphologic and morphometric data characteristically ascribed to Werdnig-Hoffmann disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Muscle fiber types ; ATPase ; Development ; Neonatal denervation ; Muscle differentiation ; Satellite cell populations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To examine the neural influence upon fiber type differentiation in developing muscles, newborn rats were subjected to sciatic nerve dissection, and the denervated extensor digitorum longus (EDL) (white) and soleus (red) muscles were examined in chronologic sequence by means of histochemistry and electron microscopy. The skeletal muscles in the newborn rats were undifferentiated (type 2C fibers seen on ATPase staining) and contained numerous myotubes. In the controls, the type 2C fibers started to differentiate at around 5 days and had almost completed type differentiation by 30 days in EDL and by 90 days in soleus muscles. On the other hand, none of the fibers in the neonatally denervated muscles developed into well differentiated type 1 and 2A fibers, but both the EDL and soleus showed longlasting type 2C and 2B populations. The satellite cells in the denervated EDL and soleus muscles decreased in number at the same rate as in the control muscles with maturation. The absence of a neural supply in the developing muscles induced a delay in muscle fiber type differentiation but did not influence the satellite cell populations in either EDL or soleus muscles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Experimental myelopathy ; Neuroaxonal degeneration ; Organotoxin ; Polymerizing agent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary N-Butyl benzenesulfonamide (NBBS), a plasticizer used commercially in the polymerization of polyamide compounds, is neurotoxic. Young adult New Zealand white rabbits, inoculated repeatedly with NBBS by the intracisternal or intraperitoneal routes, developed a dose-dependent motor dysfunction characterized by limb splaying, hyperreflexia, hypertonia, gait impairment, and abnormal righting reflexes. Histopathological changes consisted of intramedullary thickening of the ventral horn axons, random neuroaxonal spheroids confined to brain stem nuclei and spinal motor neurons, and swollen dendritic processes of spinal motor neurons. Immunoreactivity to a monoclonal antibody against microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2) was markedly increased in the dendrites of spinal motor neurons following thrice weekly intraperitoneal inoculations of NBBS for 4 months, whereas after 12 monthly intracisternal inoculations. MAP-2 immunoreactivity was absent or strikingly reduced in the same neuronal populations. Ultrastructurally, postsynaptic zones contained vacuoles and multilamellar bodies. These findings raise questions about the safety of NBBS to humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 320 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-3015
    Keywords: Breast model ; Facial surgery ; Laser digitiser ; Rapid prototyping system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This study is carried out to develop a direct link between a laser digitiser and a rapid prototyping system for biomedical applications. Two CAD/CAM systems, DUCT and Pro-Engineer, are investigated and the DUCT system is found to be more suitable for this purpose. A laser digitiser is used to capture three-dimensional surface data for the object. With the aid of the CAD/CAM system, the data can be manipulated in a number of ways for display, modification and enhancement. In addition, the object scanned by the laser digitiser can be physically produced relatively quickly and accurately using StereoLithography Apparatus (SLA), a leading rapid prototyping system. Feasible and practical solutions to the problems encountered in the CAD surface model construction are proposed and illustrated. Two case studies, a facial and a breast model, are presented. Results show that this integrated approach can be applied effectively in the biomedical field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The international journal of advanced manufacturing technology 15 (1999), S. 119-126 
    ISSN: 1433-3015
    Keywords: Key words.Artwork; CNC; Relief format; Stereolithography apparatus; STL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents the technique used for converting a 3D ArtCAM™ relief file into the stereolithography (STL) format. This 3D file is obtained from a 2D picture using a 3D CNC engraving software called ArtCAM™. The problem is to convert the 3D relief files into an STL format without compromising the accuracy and details of therelief. This paper discusses the size of the files which have been converted, and steps taken to reduce the file size by reducing the number of triangles or facets in the STL file. The discussion involves the verification of the converted model by comparing it with the original relief. The problems associated with the reduction of triangles when the file has been converted to STL format are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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