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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    cDNA cloning and molecular identification of the major oyster allergen from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Shellfish is one of the most common food allergens. Despite the recent cloning and molecular identification of the major heat stable crustacean allergens in shrimp, lobster and crab, there have been no similar studies on molluscs to which a significant portion of populations allergic to shellfish are also hypersensitive. Recent biochemical evidence suggests that tropomyosin is also an allergen in molluscs, but data on the molecular cloning, nucleotide sequencing, expression and IgE binding to mollusc tropomyosin are lacking.Objective This study was undertaken to clone, identify and determine the primary structure of a major IgE-reactive mollusc allergen in oyster at the DNA and protein level.Methods We constructed an expression cDNA library from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. This library was screened for IgE binding clones using sera from 15 subjects with a well-documented history of type I hypersensitivity reactions to oysters. An IgE reactive clone was selected and sub-cloned into plasmids for nucleotide sequence determination and expression in E. coli.Results We identified a 1.3-kb cDNA designated as Cra g 1.03. Expression of Cra g 1.03 in plasmid vector pGEX produced a 59-kDa recombinant fusion protein reactive to the IgE antibodies from patients with oyster allergies but not non-allergic controls. Cra g 1.03 has an open reading frame of 233 amino acids and demonstrates marked similarity in amino acid composition and peptide sequence with mollusc and crustacean tropomyosins. Absorption of oyster allergic sera with Cra g 1.03 totally removed IgE reactivity to oyster extract. Moreover, absorption of allergic sera with recombinant shrimp tropomyosin (Met e 1), lobster tropomyosin (Pan s 1) and crab tropomyosin (Cha f 1) removed most of the IgE reactivity to Cra g 1.03.Conclusion Cra g 1.03 is the first oyster allergen identified at the molecular level. Nucleotide and amino acid comparison shows that this protein is the oyster tropomyosin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01165.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optically active organoiron complexes in synthesis. An enantioface selectiv3 3-hydroxypropionate-2,3-dication equivalent
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 33 (1992), S. 1173-1176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Keywords: 3-hydroxypropionate ; dication ; enantioface ; organoiron ; sitophilate
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040-4039(00)91888-4
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereoselective synthesis of di- and trisubstituted alkenylstannanes and 2-(trimethylstannyl)-1,3-butadienes. conversion of the trisubstituted alkenylstannanes to the tetrasubstitdted alkenes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron 45 (1989), S. 1105-1118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0040-4020
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0040-4020(89)80020-1
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of diazinon, malathion, and paraquat on the behavioral response of the shrimp Metapenaeus ensis to chemoattractants (1994)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 53 (1994), S. 127-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00205149
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of Sediment Toxicity Using Different Trophic Organisms (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 32 (1997), S. 260-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The main aim of the present project is to study the feasibility of using different trophic organisms for evaluating the toxicity of dredged sediments arising in Hong Kong. A total of eight sediment samples (duplicate samples collected from four selected sites: Kowloon Bay, Tsing Yi, Chek Lap Kok, and Double Haven) of Hong Kong coastal waters were analyzed for the total concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, total organic carbon, acid volatile sulfides, simultaneously extracted metals, redox potential, and 12 organic micropollutants. The sediment elutriates were also analysed for the various metal concentrations, as well as contents of ammonia-N, nitrate, total sulfide, sulfate, and total organic carbon. Elutriate Sediment Toxicity Tests (ESTT) were also conducted, using two microalgae (Skeletonema costatum, a diatom and Dunaliella tertiolecta, a flagellate), juvenile shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis) and juvenile fish (Trachinotus obtaus). Two commercially available tests using bacteria (Microtox Test and Toxi-Chromotest) also were employed to test both the solid phase and elutriates of the sediments. The results of Microtox test on the solid phase, and bioassay tests using diatom on the sediment elutriate, especially the former, were correlated significantly (p 〈 0.05) with a number of physico-chemical properties of sediments and elutriates. It is recommended that a combination of a liquid-phase bioassay using diatom and a solid-phase bioassay using Microtox test should be used for screening a large number of sediment samples. However, the presence of ammonia in the sediments containing a high content of organic matter seemed to interfere the detection of contamination impacts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900183
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling of a fixed bed and a fluidized bed immobilized enzyme reactor (1988)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 29 (1988), S. 316-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary An axial dispersed plug flow model incorporating mass transfer limitations was established to predict the substrate conversion of an immobilized enzymatic reaction in a packed bed and a fluidized bed reactor. The model equations were solved by the method of orthogonal collocation. The enzymic system evaluated was glucose isomerase on porous support, catalysing the isomerization of glucose to fructose. Two types of glucose isomerase immobilized on particles of regular and irregular shape were used. Satisfactory agreement was obtained in the comparison of calculated conversions and experimental data for the packed bed and the fluidized bed loaded with regular spherical particles. In the packed bed and fluidized bed loaded with particles of irregular shape, the two-phase model did not furnish a satisfactory description of the system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265813
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A biological survey of ballast water in container ships entering Hong Kong (1997)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 352 (1997), S. 201-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: ballast water ; container ship ; introduced species ; exotic species ; Hong Kong
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The role of ballast water in the introduction of exotic species has recently received extensive attention. The aim of this study is to assess the importance of ballast water discharge as a vector for the introduction of exotic species into Hong Kong waters. Twelve ballast water samples were collected from 5 container ships entering Hong Kong between June1994 and October 1995. The ballast water originated from ports on both sides of the Pacific Ocean. At least 81 species from 8 animal phyla and 5 protist phyla were found. Most of the major marine taxonomic groups were represented and many planktonic larval stages were included. Species richness in the ballast tanks decreased with the age of ballast water. Copepoda was the most diverse and abundant taxonomic group. The density of calanoid and cyclopoid copepods decreased with the age of ballast water, but that of harpacticoid copepods did not change significantly with time. Bivalve, crustacean, polychaete and ascidian larvae from ballast water samples were observed to settle in laboratory culture tanks. The mussel Mytilopsis sallei which was introduced to Hong Kong in 1980, was one of the bivalves that settled readily. Results of this study indicate that ballast water can be a major source for the introduction of exotic species to Hong Kong waters. Regulatory guidelines on the discharge of ballast water should be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003067105577
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute and chronic toxicity of malathion to the freshwater cladoceran Moina macrocopa (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 84 (1995), S. 399-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The acute and chronic effects of the organophosphate insecticide malathion on the cladoceran Moina macrocopa were studied. The 24, 48 and 72 h LC50 values for malathion were between 5.00 and 10.00 μg L−1. Survival, longevity and the number of young produced by the population were affected by exposure to 0.01 μg L−1 or higher concentrations. Exposure to malathion had no effect on the age of first reproduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00475351
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of flow schemes for a simulated countercurrent adsorption separation process (1992)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 1744-1750 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Continuous separation of three carbohydrate mixtures [fructose-dextran (M. W. ≈ 9,400), raffinose-dextran (M. W. ≈ 6,000), and fructose-raffinose] has been carried out using a simulated countercurrent process with silica gel as the sorbent and deionized water as the eluent. Experiments were conducted using the commercial four-section arrangement and a modified three-section flow scheme which does not recycle part of the eluent for reuse. Data for the four-section flow scheme reflect a much higher product concentration in the raffinate and a substantially lower rate of fresh eluent consumption than for the three-section scheme. It is concluded that when both the extract and raffinate products are desired, the four-section scheme should be used for the separation of a mixture with a small separation factor which usually requires a large quantity of eluent to achieve an efficient separation. The behavior of the simulated countercurrent process was simulated theoretically by representing the process in terms of an equivalent true countercurrent system. A good fit to the experimental data was obtained when the process was configured in the four-section mode. However, the same theoretical approach failed to provide a good representation of the behavior of the three-section scheme in one respect: predicted concentrations of the raffinate product were about two times higher than experimental values. The discrepancy may be attributed to the periodic switching of fluid inlet and outlet points in the operation of the three-section simulated countercurrent unit.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690381107
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multicomponent separation using a column-switching chromatographic method (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 1843-1849 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A cyclic chromatographic process based on the method of column switching was used to separate a three-component carbohydrate mixture. It permits continuous introduction of the feed and is designed to produce higher product concentration compared to a normal elution cyclic process. A fixed-bed model incorporating axial dispersion and a linear driving force for mass transfer was successfully used to estimate optimum operating conditions (switch times and fluid-flow rates). Its experimental setup can be easily constructed by modifying the apparatus of a simulated countercurrent process since both systems comprise segmented columns equipped with on-off valves for fluid-flow control. This allows one to conduct either multicomponent separation based on elution operation or binary separation based on countercurrent operation using essentially the same set of experimental apparatus with minor modification.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690401108
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