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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Cytophotometric analysis of the DNA in the nucleus of the giant cell, R-2, in Aplysia (1971)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 32 (1971), S. 205-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract DNA was cytophotometrically measured in Feulgen stained nuclei of R-2, the giant neuron of the abdominal ganglion in Aplysia. The data indicate that the nucleus hag a volume of more than 7 X 106 μ3 in large animals, and contains as much as 75000 times the haploid amount of DNA. To our knowledge, this is the most highly polyploid nucleus yet described. Furthermore, the amount of DNA increases with growth, going from approximately 2000 times the haploid amount in small animals to over 75000 times in large animals. The data suggest that the increase in DNA occurs in increments, each increment having approximately twice the DNA as the one before. Thus we suggest that the increase in DNA in the nucleus of R-2 results from the entire genome replicating without accompanying cell division.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286009
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in trkA expression in the dorsal root ganglion after peripheral nerve injury (1999)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 127 (1999), S. 141-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Axotomy ; Nerve growth factor ; Neuropathic pain ; TrkA-immunoreactivity ; trkA mRNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Most of the biological effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) are mediated by TrkA, the high affinity receptor for NGF. Previous studies have shown that NGF levels in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) fluctuate following a peripheral nerve injury. The present study examined changes of TrkA immunoreactivity and trkA mRNA expression in the DRG after segmental nerve ligation. In the normal L5 DRG of the rat, there were, on average, 4700 TrkA-immunoreactive (TrkA-IR) neurons, representing 42% of the total neuronal population. Following L5 spinal nerve ligation, the number of TrkA-IR neurons in the L5 DRG slowly declined, reducing by 25% at 1 week and 35% at 3 weeks postoperation (PO). In contrast, trkA mRNA in these ganglia showed a significant decrease from 3 days to 3 weeks PO and was followed by a full recovery at 2 months PO. The early decrease of trkA mRNA is likely due to deprivation of target-derived NGF, which is caused by nerve ligation, and the recovery might be because substitute sources of NGF become available. Despite the decline in trkA mRNA in the ganglion, 3000 injured DRG neurons sustain TrkA immunoreactivity, suggesting that exogenous NGF can still influence these TrkA expressing neurons, even though they are isolated from the periphery. Accordingly, the effects of endogenous NGF should be as well manifested by local administration of NGF to the ganglion as to the stump of the damaged nerve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050783
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peripheral nerve injury triggers central sprouting of myelinated afferents (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 355 (1992), S. 75-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Peripheral nerve injury in humans is associated with decreased or abnormal sensations, including pain8'12. Here we examined whether structural changes in the central terminals of the axotomized primary afferent neurons have a particular role in the development of these sensory ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/355075a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographic and chemical localization of 5-hydroxytryptamine in identified neurons in the leech (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 172 (1972), S. 489-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The large leech neurons known as Retzius cells contain substantial amounts of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) stored in granules. Previous studies show that these cells are able to make 5-HT from precursors. The present study, which is a combined chemical and autoradiographic analysis of these cells after the administration of radioactive 5-HT or 5-HTP, confirms that the cells make 5-HT from precursors. In addition, this study shows that the cells can acquire and store 5-HT when it is present in the environment. Thus, if 5-HT is available, these cells need not manufacture this compound from precursors. Furthermore, the newly acquired 5 HT seems to be stored in the granules that characterize these cells. Finally, this study shows that the Retzius acquire or make the 5-HT in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091720303
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A fine structural analysis of the myelin sheath in rat spinal roots (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 194 (1979), S. 201-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study is concerned with the fine structure of the myelin sheath in rat and monkey spinal roots. Pictures are obtained that show that the intraperiod gap of the myelin sheath is continuous and opens into both the internal and external mesaxons, which in turn open into the periaxonal and endoneurial extracellular spaces. These results are compatible with the idea that the intraperiod gap is a cleft that traverses the thickness of the myelin sheath and links the periaxonal and endoneurial extracellular spaces.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091940203
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of potassium ferricyanide in neural fixation (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 197 (1980), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study suggests a mixture of buffered osmic acid and 1.5% potassium ferricyanide as a post-fixation to improve the fixation of neural tissue. This procedure results in an improved preservation of membranes as well as cytoplasm and cytoplasmic organelles. It is to be emphasized that the quality of the initial perfusion is the primary determinant of quality of the fixation, but the addition of 1.5% potassium ferricyanide to post-fixation fluid makes good fixation better and allows data to be gathered from otherwise unusable material.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091970304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relation of nucleolus diameter to cell body diameter in mammalian dorsal root ganglion cells (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 211 (1985), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study correlates cell body and nucleolar sizes for dorsal root ganglion cells in the rat. To do this, we measured cell body areas and calculated their diameters and measured nucleolar diameters for 719 cells. These data indicate that there is a correlation in that increasing cell size is associated with increasing nucleolar size. However, there is considerable variability of cell body size for each nucleolar diameter and vice versa. Nevertheless, when nucleolar diameters are grouped, the function In D = 1.687 + 0.334 dr, where D is the diameter of the cell body and dr the rounded diameter of the nucleolus, produced an almost straight line. Thus this formula provides a good estimate of the relation of nucleolar and cell body sizes for dorsal root ganglion cells of the rat. In addition, estimates of the variances of cell body size at each nucleolar diameter are provided.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092110214
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verification of the disector method for counting neurons, with comments on the empirical method (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 231 (1991), S. 573-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The empirical and disector methods are unbiased sampling methods for determining numbers of neurons. The present study verifies and thus calibrates these methods by determining true numbers of ganglion cells in serial reconstructions and then using each method to estimate the same populations. The empirical method gives accurate counts but is laborious (inefficient). Five separate disector analyses, distinguished by height (h), were done for each ganglion. The findings are: (1) that the estimates are consistently low when h is minimal (reference and look-up sections are adjacent), but (2) the estimates are accurate when h is greater (one to four sections intervene between reference and look-up sections). We ascribe the difficulties with the first disector to “lost” or “invisible” caps. We emphasize that we would not have known of the problem unless we verified our counts. If there is suspicion that difficulties with profile recognition might occur, we recommend that serial sections of an appropriately chosen sample of tissue be prepared and 500-1,000 neurons (or, more generally, particles) be reconstructed. Then the method of choice can be used on the issue of choice to make certain of the necessary accuracy before proceeding with the main study.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092310419
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numbers and proportions of unmyelinated axons at cervical levels in the fasciculus gracilis of monkey and cat (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 232 (1992), S. 301-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study is a quantitative analysis of the unmyelinated fiber population in the fasciculus gracilis of the second cervical segment of cat and monkey. We find that unmyelinated fibers represent 13.7% of the total fiber population in this pathway in the cat and 18.9% in the monkey (Macaca fascicularis). The existence of such large numbers of these axons suggests that there may be a sizeable ascending fine primary afferent pathway in the fasciculus gracilis in cat and monkey whose destination is presumably the dorsal column nuclei. These findings are of interest in regard to classic ideas that the afferent fibers in the dorsal columns are large myelinated fibers that convey fine discriminative information to the dorsal column nuclei.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092320215
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An electron-dense extracellular material in the nervous system of Aplysia (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 187 (1977), S. 281-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An electron dense material is found in the extracellular space of the nervous system of Aplysia, a marine mollusc whose ganglia are widely studied by neurobiologists. This material appears to consist of irregular electron-dense granules, with diameters of approximately 600 Å. This material is found between the glial cells that surround the neuronal perikarya. It is not found in other regions of the nervous system. Because it is found in the ganglion cell layer of the nervous system and because the neurons contain what may be the precursor of this substance, the electron-dense material is regarded as most probably being a neuronal product. The importance of this material is that it is one of the few examples of visible structure in the extracellular space of the nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091870302
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