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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 24 (1968), S. 494-497 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The general systematic procedure is described for determining the magnetic space group (Shubnikov group) of a crystal from the magnetic point symmetry found from nuclear magnetic resonance data (Heesch, standard representation) and the crystallographic structure. The aspect group, which is the observed n.m.r. symmetry, is therefore defined and the Heesch groups which are related by the time inversion operation for magnetic moments to each aspect group are derived. The proposed method is demonstrated with a few specific examples. The difference between the concept of a magnetic point group and the concept of a Heesch group is clarified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Losartan ; Polymorphism ; Cytochrome ; P450
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Losartan was given to subjects with known phenotypes of the polymorphic enzymes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 to study any possible influence on the metabolism of the drug. Methods: Plasma concentrations of losartan and E-3174 were studied after oral intake of 50 mg losartan in 24 healthy, male, Swedish Caucasian subjects who were extensive or poor metabolizers (EM/PM) of debrisoquine [cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)] or mephenytoin [cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)]. Results: The areas under the curve (AUC∞) of losartan and E-3174 did not differ between poor and extensive metabolizers of debrisoquine or mephenytoin, respectively. Conclusion: About 14% of the antihypertensive drug losartan is metabolized to the active carboxylic acid metabolite E-3174, which contributes to the effect of losartan. The present study suggests that CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 are not involved to any major extent in the in vivo conversion of losartan to E-3174.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 56 (2000), S. 103-120 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Will it take a series of drug-related accidents that have already occurred in the USA before workplace drug testing (WDT) becomes accepted in Europe as a preventive measure? Currently, the development of WDT in most European countries lags some 10–15 years behind that in the USA. – Labour authorities in Europe now ought to take initiatives to demand a mandatory programme for accrediting drug analytical laboratories for WDT. – Companies should realise that illicit drug use is no longer only a problem at street corners, and that having a testing system in place is important, not just for public health, but also for their reputations as responsible societal actors. – Improved networking among police and regulatory authorities is required to keep pace with the rapid appearance and dissemination of new substances of abuse. – European research collaboration, including the newly formed European Workplace Drug Testing Group, is needed to assess the impact of drug-testing policies on accidents and other outcome variables, and thereby to convince the general public and politicians that drug testing is beneficial and necessary. – A 1993–1994 survey of quality analysis in some 200 European laboratories reported from Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Spain, showed good agreement between nominal and found concentrations but that only 10% of the laboratories could both screen, identify and quantify samples. – Experiences from Italy show that proficiency testing schemes lead to improved accuracy of results. These were some major conclusions of the First European Symposium on Drug Testing held at Huddinge University Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, 30 March to 1 April 1998, organised by Karolinska Institute, with participants from 22 countries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 221 (1975), S. 1-10 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Seasonality ; Temperature ; Schizophrenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Schizophrenics have consistently been found to be born with unusually high frequency in the early months of the calendar year. A previous study found significantly more schizophrenics to be born following warmer as contrasted with cooler summers, thus suggesting that summer temperature or a correlate of summer temperature may be an effective factor in the season of birth schizophrenia relationship. The current study re-tested the warmer vs. cooler summer finding, using both a local sample (N = 301) and a nationwide sample of Swedish schizophrenics (N = 13, 440), each sample showing increased frequency of births in the early months of the year. In order to localize the possible effects of temperature to a more specific gestational period, the schizophrenics in each sample were further divided into sub-groups based upon which trimester of gestation likely occurred during the summer prior to the birth. The 71 years (1876–1946) during which the patients were born were rank-ordered by mean summer temperature at representative geographical locations, and the rank-orders of years were divided into temperature quartiles. The rates of births for the total patient groups and the trimester sub-groups among both samples showed no positive linear or systematic relationship to temperature during the previous summer. Even the warmest among the 71 years were not followed by increased rates of births of schizophrenics. The results of the study did not corroborate the earlier finding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 58 (1990), S. 219-225 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: identification ; monoclonal antibodies ; mutans ; streptococci ; S. sobrinus ; S. mutans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mutans streptococci have been correlated with dental caries. The identification of the species within this group is still a problem. The characterization of a monoclonal antibody (Mab) OMVU10 against S. sobrinus as well as the isolation and characterization of Mabs against S. mutans (OMVU30 and OMVU31), S. cricetus (OMVU40) and mutans streptococci (OMVU2) is described. The epitope specificity for OMVU10 and OMVU31 was cell-wall antigen B in both cases although both Mabs recognized different species-specific epitopes. OMVU40 was cross reactive with Steptococcus sanguis taxon 3. All other Mabs were specific for one species. Using these Mabs, a key to the identification of mutans streptococci is developed. This key was tested for 85 wild type isolates of mutans streptococci and proved to be highly reliable and easy to perform.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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