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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bovine Brain Endothelial Cells Express Tight Junctions and Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Long-Term Culture (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 53 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The passage of substances across the blood-brain barrier is regulated by cerebral capillaries which possess certain distinctly different morphological and enzymatic properties compared to capillaries of other organs. Investigations of the functional characteristics of brain capillaries have been facilitated by the use of cultured brain endothelial cells, but in most studies a number of characteristics of the in vivo system are lost. To provide an in vitro system for studies of brain capillary functions, we developed a method of isolating and producing a large number of bovine brain capillary endothelial cells. These cells, absolutely free of pericyte contamination, are subcultured, at the split ratio of 1:20 (20-fold increase of the cultured surface), with no apparent changes in cell morphology up to the fiftieth generation (10 passages). Retention of endothelial-specific characteristics (factor V11I-related antigen, angiotensin-converting enzyme, and nonthrombogenic surface) is shown for brain capillary-derived endothelial cells up to passage 10, even after frozen storage at passage 3. Furthermore, we showed that bovine brain capillary endothelial cells retain, up to the fiftieth generation, some of the characteristics of the blood-brain barrier: occurrence of tight junctions, paucity of pinocytotic vesicles, and monoamine oxidase activity
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb08526.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Easier, Reproducible, and Mass-Production Method to Study the Blood–Brain Barrier In Vitro (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 54 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: To provide an “in vitro” system for studying brain capillary function, we have developed a process ofcoculture that closely mimics the “in vivo” situation by culturing brain capillary endothelial cells on one side of a filter and astrocytes on the other. Under these conditions, endothelial cells retain all the endothelial cell markers and the characteristics of the blood–brain barrier, including tight junctions and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity. The average electric resistance for the monolayers was 661 Ω cm2. The system is impermeable to inulin and sucrose but allows the transport of leucine. Arabinose treatment increases transcellular transport flux by 70%. The relative ease with which such monolayers can be produced in large quantities would facilitate the “in vitro” study of brain capillary functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb01236.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion of horseradish peroxidase perfused through the lateral ventricle of the chick telencephalon (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 157 (1975), S. 535-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cerebral perivascular spaces ; Peroxidase ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Horseradish peroxidase, perfused into the lateral ventricle of chick brain, freely and slowly diffuses through the cerebral extracellular spaces. The layer of astrocytic end-feet surrounding blood capillaries does not constitute a barrier to the tracer which permeates the basal lamina, diffuses between the pericytic cells and finally accumulates in the intercellular space beneath the tight junctions between contiguous endothelial cells. No evidence was found for transport by micropinocytotic vesicles from the cerebral parenchyma to the capillary lumen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222605
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An autoradiographic study on the biosynthesis of the capillary basal lamina in the chick embryo telencephalon (1978)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 192 (1978), S. 299-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Basal lamina biosynthesis ; Telencephalic capillaries ; Chick embryos ; 3H-proline autoradiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'élaboration de la lame basale des capillaires télencéphaliques a été étudiée en autoradiographie chez des embryons de Poulet âgés de 16 à 19 jours d'incubation. C'est au cours de cette période du développement que la basale des vaisseaux cérébraux est activement synthétisée. Les animaux furent sacrifiés 2,15, 40 et 180 min après le début de l'injection intraveineuse d'une solution de proline tritiée. L'identification des cellules participant à la synthèse de la basale est facilitée par le fait que l'hydroxylation de la proline en hydroxyproline y est réalisée. Nos observations nous permettent de suggérer une participation active des cellules endothéliales, des péricytes, et peut-être des cellules gliales, à l'élaboration de la lame basale. Les différentes étapes de cette synthèse ont lieu, par ordre chronologique, dans l'ergastoplasme, puis dans l'appareil de Golgi, avant que le produit élaboré ne soit libéré dans l'espace périvasculaire par exocytose.
    Notes: Summary The elaboration of the basal lamina of telencephalic capillaries has been studied by autoradiography in chick embryos from day 16 to 19 of incubation. The cerebral vascular basal lamina is actively synthesized during the period of these stages of development. The animals were sacrificed 2, 15, 40 and 180 min after intravenous injection of 3H-proline. The hydroxylation of proline to hydroxyproline in the “secretory” cells permits their identification. Our observations suggest that endothelial cells, pericytes and perhaps glial cells participate in this elaboration. The various stages of the synthesis are performed sequentially in the ergastoplasm and then in the Golgi apparatus before the secretory material is released by exocytosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220747
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural and biochemical studies of the swelling of developing chick telencephalic slices (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 204 (1979), S. 53-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Telencephalic slices ; Tissue swelling ; Chick ; Postnatal development ; Oxygenation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An ultrastructural and biochemical study of the importance and localization of tissue swelling was performed on telencephalic slices of 1- and 30-day-old chicks incubated in an oxygenated or a non-oxygenated physiological medium. The swelling of slices is greater for 30-day-old chick material than for that from 1-day-old chicks. It also reaches higher values in the non-oxygenated than in the oxygenated medium. When the 30-day-old chick telencephalic slices are incubated in an oxygenated medium, swelling mainly affects astrocytes, and especially the astrocytic endfeet. When they are incubated in a non-oxygenated medium, the astrocytes and astrocytic endfeet are very swollen and in addition the swelling also affects the neurons and their organelles. Extracellular space is increased. When 1-day-old chick telencephalic slices are incubated in a non-oxygenated medium, the tissue structures are well preserved. Swelling predominantly affects astrocytes and astrocytic endfeet. Neurons are not affected and the extracellular space is reduced. However, when they are incubated in an oxygenated medium, tissue structures are greatly affected showing a high degree of disorganization. Extracellular space is greatly increased. This study thus indicates that the best incubation conditions are an oxygenated medium for 30-day-old chick telencephalic slices which are characterized by an aerobic metabolism, and a non-oxygenated medium for 1-day-old chick telencephalic slices which have a predominantly anaerobic metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235164
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