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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indole acetonitrile-sensitivity of transgenic tobacco containing Arabidopsis thaliana nitrilase genes (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 1027-1032 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Transgenic tobacco ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Nitrilase ; NIT genes ; Indole-3-acetic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The Arabidopsis thaliana genome has four nitrilase (nitrile aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.5.1) genes (NIT1 to NIT4). These nitrilases catalyze hydrolysis of indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Growth of A. thaliana is inhibited by IAN probably due to hydrolysis of IAN to IAA, while the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) genome has only NIT4 homologs and is resistant to IAN. In this study, we introduced A. thaliana NIT1 to NIT4 into tobacco. Introduction of NIT1, NIT2 or NIT3 into tobacco conferred growth inhibition by IAN. NIT2 transgenic plants were highly sensitive to IAN, and NIT1 and NIT3 transgenic plants were moderately sensitive. On the other hand, NIT4 transgenic plants were less sensitive to IAN, although some morphological changes in the roots were observed as the wild-type tobacco. These findings suggest that the ability of transgenic tobacco to convert IAN to IAA in vivo is markedly different among transgenes of NIT1 to NIT4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990000218
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of rectal stents for palliation of obstructing rectosigmoid cancer (1997)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 11 (1997), S. 758 -761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Endoscopic palliation — Rectal cancer — Self-expanding metal stent — Endoprosthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The rationale of palliative endoscopic treatment is to avoid a colostomy in patients with advanced disease and limited life expectancy. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of endoscopic stent implantation for palliation of obstructing rectal cancer. Methods: Overall, 19 patients (aged 47–87 years) with nonresectable or metastatic rectal cancer were treated by stent insertion after laser recanalization or dilation. Three types of stents, i.e., plastic tubes (n= 8), self-expanding mesh stents (n= 6), and endocoil stents (n= 5), were used to maintain luminal patency. Results: Endoscopic stent implantation was successfully performed in all 19 patients. Long-term luminal patency and satisfactory bowel function were achieved in 16 of 19 patients (84%). After a median follow-up of 6 months, eight of the patients have died and eight are still alive without evidence of recurrent obstruction. Dislocation of the endoprosthesis occurred in two of eight plastic tubes and one of five mesh stents. Recurrent obstruction due to tumor ingrowth was only observed in patients treated with self-expanding mesh stents (n= 2). In spite of reinsertion and laser therapy a colostomy was required in three of 19 patients. There was no evidence of treatment failure in five patients who received endocoil stents. None of the patients experienced serious complications related to the endoscopic procedure. Conclusions: Endoscopic stent implantation seems to be a safe and efficient palliative approach to selected patients with obstructing rectal cancer. Currently, self-expanding coil stents are superior to other devices because of lower risk of dislocation and tumor ingrowth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900444
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoscopic treatment of a choledochocele in a 2-year-old child (1996)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 10 (1996), S. 1016-1018 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Choledochocele — ERCP — Sphincterotomy — Biliary drainage — Pediatric
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Choledochocele is an extremely rare congenital lesion of the biliary tree causing abdominal pain, pancreatitis, and obstructive cholestasis. Traditionally the therapy for this malformation has been surgery. Recently endoscopic therapy has been utilized alternatively for the treatment of choledocele in adults. We report the case of a 2-year-old girl with a choledochocele who was treated by endoscopic sphincterotomy and placement of a biliary stent. The prosthesis was removed after 4 months. After a follow-up of 20 months the patient remains free of symptoms. Our experience suggests that endoscopic treatment of congenital biliary disease can be performed accurately. Further studies will be necessary to confirm the value of stent implantation in congenital bile duct stenosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900227
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endosonography and endosonography-guided biopsy of upper-GI-tract tumors using a curved-array echoendoscope (1996)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 10 (1996), S. 1205-1209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Endoscopic ultrasound — Curved array — Staging — Endosonography-guided biopsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) with a curved-array transducer and to determine the value of endosonography-guided biopsy. Methods: EUS was performed in 162 consecutive patients for preoperative staging of gastric or esophageal cancer (n= 122) or for EUS-guided biopsy (n= 40). All patients were examined using a flexible echoendoscope (Pentax FG32-UA) equipped with a 7.5-MHz curved-array transducer. A specially designed fine needle was used for EUS-guided biopsy of submucosal or extrinsic lesions. Results: Surgery was performed in 19 of 48 patients with esophageal cancer and 60 of 74 patients with gastric cancer. The accuracy in the assessment of the infiltration depth of esophageal cancer and in the determination of lymph node involvement was 84% and 88%, respectively. In gastric cancer the tumor infiltration depth was assessed correctly in only 65% of the patients. The identification of early gastric cancer proved to be a major problem. The accuracy in the detection of lymph node involvement was 73%. Obstructing tumors were examined in 17 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus or the gastric cardia. The accuracy of EUS in determining the T-stage and the N-stage of stenotic tumors was 88% and 86%, respectively. Endosonography-guided needle biopsy was successfully performed in all 40 patients. Histologic analysis revealed malignancy in 50% of the patients. Only two biopsy specimens contained nonrepresentative material (accuracy: 95%). No complications were observed related to the procedure. Conclusions: EUS with a curved-array transducer provides high accuracy rates in staging of esophageal carcinoma. Evaluation of gastric cancer with this technique appears to be more difficult than with radial transducers. A major advantage of the linear transducer is the ability to perform EUS-guided biopsies of submucosal or extamural lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900280
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Management of chronic pancreatitis with pancreas cyst by endoscopic pancreatic prosthesis (1990)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 4 (1990), S. 83-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Endoscopic pancreatic prosthesis ; Chronic pancreatitis with pancreas cyst ; Stenosis and dilation of the pancreatic duct
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cases of chronic pancreatitis accompanied by stenosis or dilation of the pancreatic duct were treated by endoscopic placement of an endoprosthesis and drainage. The purpose of the treatment was the alleviation of pain, restoration of extrapancreatic secretion and retardation of the progression of inflammation. The procedure was performed successfully in 9 of 13 patients, using an endoscopically placed pigtail prosthesis in the pancreatic duct. The successfully treated patients consisted of 9 cases of chronic pancreatitis, 2 cases being pancreas divisum. After disappearance of the symptoms and abnormal endoscopic findings, the drainage tubes were removed after a period of 5–12 months. No serious complications were encountered. Following the procedure, an improvement in appetite and increase of 2–13 kg in body weight was recognized. This method yielded satisfactory results in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00591264
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts (1992)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 6 (1992), S. 118-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Pancreatic pseudocyst ; Endoscopic drainage ; Transduodenal cystotomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seventeen patients with pancreatic pseudocysts were treated by endoscopic drainage. In nine cases we performed endoscopic retrograde pancreatic drainage (ERPD) by inserting 7-Fr pigtail catheters via the papilla into the cyst or into the main pancreatic duct. In two cases transduodenal cystotomy (ECD) and in eight cases transgastral cystotomy (ECG) are performed by using coagulator and papillotome. In five cases of ECG an endoprosthesis was inserted into the cyst. In two cases combination therapy of ERPD and ECG was performed. All patients reported reduction of continuous pain and postprandial epigastralgia after placement of endoprosthesis. After disappearance of symptoms and abnormal endoscopic findings within a period of 2–12 months the drainage tubes were removed. In one case postoperative dislocation of the prosthesis was observed; no serious complication was not encountered. The period of observation varied from 5 to 40 months. Two patients are presently under treatment with endoprostheses. Endoscopic drainage yielded good results in the treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02309082
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    172. Eigene Erfahrungen mit der kombinierten percutanen Drainagebehandlung und Radiatio bei inoperablen Tumoren der extrahepatischen Gallenwege (1983)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 361 (1983), S. 725-725 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Tumor of the extra-biliary tract ; Irradiation and PTD ; Degenerative changes in tumor cells ; Extrahepatische Gallenwegstumore ; Radiatio und PTD ; degenerative Veränderungen der Krebszellen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei Tumoren im Leberhilus handelt es sich meist um Adenocarcinome, die bis jetzt im Gegensatz zu den Plattenepithelcarcinomen oder bösartigen Lymphomen als wenig strahlenempfindlich galten. 27 Patienten nach Ikterusentlastung durch PTD mit anschließender Chemotherapie wurden bestrahlt. Durch Strahlentherapie konnte eine Tumorverkleinerung festgestellt werden, gleichzeitig zeigten sich histologisch degenerative Veränderungen der Krebszellen. Die durchschnittliche Überlebenszeit bei 12 erfolgreichen Patienten beträgt 13,9 Monate.
    Notes: Summary Adenocarcinomas in the hilus of the liver are comparatively less susceptible to radiotherapy than epithelial cell tumor or malignant lymphoma. Twenty-seven patients were treated with radiotherapy after decompression of the hepatobiliary system percutaneous drainage and chemotherapy. Tumors showed reduction in size, and at the same time degenerative changes in tumor cells were seen histologically after this method of treatment. Twelve patients survived to an average of 13.9 months after succesful therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01275997
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    122. Die percutane transhepatische Cholangio-Drainage zur Therapie des extrahepatischen cholestatischen Ikterus (1982)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 358 (1982), S. 471-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Obstructive jaundice ; Percutaneous transhepatic bile tract drainage ; Ventrodorsal method ; Preoperative relief ; Verschlußikterus ; Percutane transhepatische Cholangio-Drainage nach der ventrodorsalen Methode ; Präoperative Ikterusentlastung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 70 Patienten wurden wegen eines Verschlußikterus mit pereutaner transhepatischer Cholangio-Drainage (PTD) behandelt. Bei 55 Patienten wurden PTDen oder Palliativbehandlungen mit PTD wegen eines inoperablen Gallenwegscarcinoms durchgeführt. Diese 55 Patienten überlebten durchschnittlich 17 Wochen. Bei anderen Patienten wurde nach temporärer Entlastung kurativ operiert. Durch die PTD wird einerseits das OP-Risiko vermindert, andererseits wird dadurch bei inoperablen Gallenwegscarcinomen der palliative Eingriff ermöglicht.
    Notes: Summary Seventy patients received treatment with percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTD) for obstructive jaundice. Because of inoperable carcinoma of the biliary tract 55 patients underwent PTD or palliative treatment with PTD. On the average these 55 patients survived 17 weeks. After the temporary relief, the remaining patients had a curative operation. It was shown that PTD reduces the operative risks and makes palliative surgery possible in cases of inoperable carcinoma of the biliary tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01271869
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation and biopsy of recurrent rectal cancer using three-dimensional endosonography (1996)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 39 (1996), S. 1373-1378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Threedimensional endosonography ; Transrectal biopsy ; Recurrence ; Rectal cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The value of endorectal ultrasonography for postoperative follow-up of rectal cancer is limited by the inability to distinguish recurrent malignancy from benign lesions,e.g., fibrotic tissue. This study was conducted to investigate the role of three-dimensional (3D) endosonography for evaluation and biopsy of recurrent rectal cancer. METHODS: Endorectal ultrasonography was performed in routine follow-up program after resection of rectal cancer. 3D volume scans were recorded using a bifocal multiplane 3D transducer (7.5/10 MHz) with a 100
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02054526
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