Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral bambuterol compared to inhaled salmeterol in patients with partially reversible chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1999), S. 829-833 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Bambuterol ; Salmeterol ; COPD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: There is now good evidence that inhaled salmeterol is an effective agent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),but, at the present time, data on the effects of bambuterol, which is an oral tarbutaline pro-drug, in patients with COPD are scarce. Moreover, no comparative study between bambuterol and salmeterol in patients with chronic obstructive airway disorders has been published. The objective of this research was, consequently, to compare the efficacy and safety of 20 mg oral bambuterol and 50 μg inhaled salmeterol in patients with partially reversible COPD. Methods: The speed and length of bronchodilation with 20 mg bambuterol and 50 μg inhaled salmeterol were compared in 16 patients with partially reversible COPD. The investigation and designed as a double-blind, double-dummy, cross-over, placebo controlled and randomised study. Lung function (FEV1, FVC) and systemic variables (subjective tremor, heart rate, blood pressure) were monitored prior to the administration of the drug and for 12 h after each agent on 3 non-consecutive days. Results: Inhalation of salmeterol induced a significant (P 〈 0.05) increase of lung function when compared with placebo. In addition, oral bambuterol elicited good bronchodilation, with its maximum slightly later than for salmeterol. The mean (±SE) AUC0–12 hs for all patients were 3.134 1 ± 0.553 for salmeterol and 1963 1 ± 0.573 for bambuterol. Both AUC0–12 h s were significantly greater than for placebo (P 〈 0.05), but there was no significant difference (P = 0.077) between the salmeterol and bambuterol AUC0–12 hs. Bambuterol, but not salmeterol, caused tremor in four patients. Moreover, it induced a higher heart rate when compared with salmeterol at each considered time after the administration of the drug; differences after 9 and 12 h  were statistically significant (P 〈 0.05). Conclusion: Both oral bambuterol and inhaled salmeterol resulted in good bronchodilation in patients with stable COPD. However, bambuterol, but not salmeterol, caused tremor in several subjects and elicited a more pronounced tachycardia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050561
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular and molecular mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an overview (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In the last decade, the analysis of bronchial biopsies and lung parenchyma obtained from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients compared with those from smokers with normal lung function and non-smokers has provided new insights on the role of the different inflammatory and structural cells, their signalling pathways and mediators, contributing to a better knowledge of the pathogenesis of COPD. This review summarizes and discusses the lung pathology of COPD patients with emphasis on inflammatory cell phenotypes that predominate in different clinical conditions. In bronchial biopsies, a cascade of events takes place during progression from mild-to-severe disease. T lymphocytes, particularly CD8+ cells and macrophages are the prevalent inflammatory cells in the lung of healthy smokers and patients with mild COPD, while total and activated neutrophils predominate in severe COPD. The number of CD4+, CD8+ cells and macrophages expressing nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), STAT-4 and IFN-γ proteins as well as endothelial adhesion molecule-1 in endothelium is increased in mild/moderate disease. In contrast, activated neutrophils (MPO+ cells) and increased nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity develops in severe COPD. In bronchial biopsies obtained during COPD exacerbations, some studies have shown an increased T cell and granulocyte infiltration. Regular treatment with high doses of inhaled glucocorticoids does not significantly change the number of inflammatory cells in bronchial biopsies from patients with moderate COPD. The profile in lung parenchyma is similar to bronchial biopsies. ‘Healthy’ smokers and mild/moderate diseased patients show increased T lymphocyte infiltration in the peripheral airways. Pulmonary emphysema is associated with a general increase of inflammatory cells in the alveolar septa. The molecular mechanisms driving the lymphocyte and neutrophilic prevalence in mild and severe disease, respectively, needs to be extensively studied. Up-regulation of pro-inflammatory transcription factors NF-κB and STAT-4 in mild, activated epithelial and endothelial cells in the more severe disease may contribute to this differential prevalence of infiltrating cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02030.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decreased T lymphocyte infiltration in bronchial biopsies of subjects with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Studies on the inflammatory process in the large airways of patients with mild/moderate COPD have shown a prevalent T lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration of the bronchial mucosa. However, bronchial inflammation in more severe disease has not been extensively studied.Objective The aim of the present study was to characterize the lymphocyte infiltration in the bronchial mucosa of subjects with severe, compared to mild, COPD, and to examine the relationship between airflow limitation and T lymphocyte numbers in the bronchial mucosa.Methods We examined bronchial biopsies obtained from nine smokers with severe airflow limitation, nine smokers with mild/moderate airflow limitation and 14 smokers with normal lung function. Immunohistochemical methods on cryostat sections were used to assess the number of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ cells and the number of CD3+ cells coexpressing the chemokine receptor CCR5 (CCR5+CD3+) in the subepithelium.Results Subjects with severe COPD had lower numbers of CD3+, CD8+ and CCR5+CD3+ cells than mild/moderate COPD (P 〈 0.012, P 〈 0.02 and P 〈 0.02, respectively) and control smokers (P 〈 0.015, P 〈 0.005 and P 〈 0.015, respectively). In subjects with airflow limitation the number of CD3+ and CD8+ cells was inversely correlated with the degree of airway obstruction (r = 0.59, P 〈 0.015 and r = 0.52, P 〈 0.032, respectively).Conclusions Bronchial inflammation in severe COPD is characterized by lower numbers of CD3+ and CD8+ cells and decreased numbers of CD3+ cells coexpressing the chemokine receptor CCR5. T lymphocyte infiltration is inversely correlated with the degree of airflow limitation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01098.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proliferation and inflammation in bronchial epithelium after allergen in atopic asthmatics (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background The mechanisms that regulate epithelial integrity and repair in asthma are poorly understood. We hypothesized that allergen exposure could alter epithelial inflammation, damage and proliferation in atopic asthma.Objective We studied epithelial cell infiltration, shedding, expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 and the epithelial cell–cell adhesion molecules Ep-CAM and E-cadherin in bronchial biopsies of 10 atopic mild asthmatics 48 h after experimental diluent (D) and allergen (A) challenge in a cross-over design.Methods Epithelial shedding, expressed as percentage of not intact epithelium, Ki-67+, eosinophil/EG-2+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells were quantified by image analysis in bronchial epithelium, and adhesion molecules were analysed semi-quantitatively.Results Epithelial shedding was not altered by A (D: 88.1±3.1% vs. A: 89.2±3.7%; P=0.63). The numbers of Ki-67+ epithelial (D: 10.2±0.2 vs. A: 19.9±0.3 cells/mm; P=0.03), EG-2+ (D: 4.3±0.5 vs. A: 27±0.3 cells/mm; P=0.04) and CD4+ cells (D: 1.7±1.2 vs. A: 12.3±0.6 cells/mm; P=0.04) were significantly increased after A, whilst CD8+ numbers were not significantly changed (P〉0.05). E-cadherin and Ep-CAM epithelial staining showed a similar intensity after D and A (P〉0.05). We found a positive correlation between EG-2+ and Ki-67+ cells in the epithelium (Rs: 0.63; P=0.02).Conclusion Our study indicates that allergen challenge increases epithelial proliferation in conjunction with inflammation at 2 days after exposure. This favours the hypothesis that long-lasting epithelial restitution is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01686.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nocturnal Asthma: Mechanisms and Therapy (1997)
    Springer
    Lung 175 (1997), S. 53 -61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Keywords: Key words: Asthma—Biopsy—Bronchoalveolar lavage—Inflammation—Circadian rhythm.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Nocturnal worsening of symptoms affects a large number of patients suffering from asthma. Recent studies show that airway inflammation underlies nocturnal awakenings and increased airway hyperreactivity. These studies, however, yield conflicting results concerning the pathogenesis of the disease, making it difficult to understand the mechanisms involved in sustaining nocturnal asthma. This article reviews the principal pathogenetic mechanisms of nocturnal asthma, showing that worsening of symptoms at night may be the result of a more severe disease as well as of increased inflammation at night and higher susceptibility. We also review the pharmacologic treatment of nocturnal asthma which is mainly based on antiinflammatory treatment with inhaled or oral steroids or combined therapies with theophylline and β2 agonists. The activity of antileukotrine compounds in asthma is also summarized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00007556
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatic cysts and hyperechogenicities: Perinatal assessment and unifying theory on their origin (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 24 (1994), S. 569-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors report their experience with the perinatal diagnosis of six cases of hepatic cyst and six of liver hyperchogenicities. The in utero diagnosis of hepatic cysts was difficult when the cysts were large or subhepatic. A precise diagnosis was sometimes achieved only after surgery. Small intraparenchymal cysts tended to regress spontaneously. Liver hyperechogenicities were diffuse or localized. They were unrelated to liver infection, tumors, meconium peritonitis or biliary tract anomaly. Both entities could be related to vascular disruption phenomenon (VDP) in which structural anomalies result from damage to normal development of embryonic or fetal vessels with anomalies of perfusion to the developing organs. The consequences of VDP to the liver are variable depending on the time and duration of the phenomenon. Localized infarct or ischemia can fibrose or calcify leading to segmental hyperechogenicities. Necrosis with tissue reabsorption can be the origin of some (sub)hepatic cysts. When such anomalies are detected there should be a careful study of the placentation, and a search for potential associated anomalies should be undertaken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012734
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antenatal diagnosis of short-limb dwarfism: Sonographic approach (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 26 (1996), S. 171-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Based on the findings in 12 patients with skeletal dysplasia diagnosed antenatally, the authors propose a tailored approach to the evaluation of foetuses with shortened long bones, depending on the time of discovery, the degree of shortening and the associated findings. During the second trimester, a very short femur [2 standard deviations (SD) −5 mm and less] most probably corresponds to a bone dysplasia, although the differential diagnosis is mainly early intra-uterine growth retardation, and the foetal skeleton should be surveyed completely in order to find supplementary features suggestive of dwarfism. Anomalies of long bones in their shape, thickness or contour, or spinal ossification disorders or under-mineralisation (best evaluated at the level of calvarial bones) are most helpful in determining the type of dysplasia. A short femur (between 2 SD and 2 SD −4 mm) may indicate growth retardation, a chromosomal anomaly or dwarfism. Follow-up examinations are mandatory in order to differentiate between them. During the third trimester a very short femur may indicate a bone dysplasia and the work-up should be the same as in the second trimester. A short femur may correspond to dwarfism of late development, a growth-retarded foetus or constitutional shortness. Various ratios, especially that of the femur/foot, are helpful in differentiating between them. In case of previous family history, a short or very short femur usually indicates recurrence of the dwarfism. In all cases of antenatal diagnosis, confirmation of the sonographic findings should be obtained either by foetal or neonatal radiographs. The approach proposed by the authors should provide sufficient information to counsel the family not only for the ongoing pregnancy but also for subsequent ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01405292
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Homo- und copolymerisation von Butadien und Isopren mit Ni/Ti/Al-und Ni/B/AL-katalysatorsystemen. I. IsoprenhomopolymerisationHerrn Professor Dr. habil. Burkart Philipp zu seinem 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 41 (1990), S. 121-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The polymerization of isoprene with the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system nickeloctoate/titantetrachloride/aluminiumtriethyl was accomplished to investigate the influence of catalyst formation, monomer- and catalyst concentration and of polymerization time on characteristic parameters of the polymerization reaction (conversion, molecular mass, microstructure). Important kinetic parameters were determined and a comparision with the results of the isoprene polymerization with a Ni/B/Al catalyst system was realized.
    Notes: Die Isoprenpolymerisation mit dem Ziegler-Natta-Katalysatorsystem Nickeloctoat/Titantetrachlorid/Aluminiumtriethyl wurde hinsichtlich des Einflusses der Katalysatorbildungsreaktion, der Monomer- und Gesamtinitiatorkonzentration sowie der Polymerisationszeit auf charakteristische Kenngrößen der Polymerisationsreaktion (Umsatz, Molmassenhöhe, Mikrostruktur) untersucht. Durch die Anwendung kinetischer Auswertemethoden wurden wichtige Reaktionsgrößen ermittelt und somit ein direkter Vergleich mit Der analogen Isoprenpolymerisation unter Einsatz eines Ni/B/Al-Katalysatorsystems ermöglicht.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1990.010410211
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    36. Grundwassersanierung durch Kombination eines mikrobiologischen und regenerativ adsorptiven Verfahrens (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 65 (1993), S. 1070-1071 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330650938
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...