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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 161 (1975), S. 145-154 
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 347 strains from human infections were identified by gas-liquid chromatography of metabolic products and by conventional tests. Simple agar-plate assays were used to analyze the ability to form extracellular proteins. More than 90% of all strains were hemolytic on agar containing rabbit erythrocytes and all were gelatinase producers. All strains ofC. bifermentans, C. sordelli, andC. sporogenes were also caseinolytic on skimmed-milk agar, but strains ofC. perfringens, C. novyi types A and B were not. Less than 10% ofC. perfringens strains were producers of elastase and staphylolytic enzyme and all other species were non-producers. AllC. perfringens, C. novyii, C. bifermentans, andC. sordelli were lecithinase producers, butC. sporogenes was not. All strains ofC. sporogenes formed deoxyribonuclease, while a varying number of the other species showed a positive reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 8 (1980), S. S167 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Fünfzehn Stämme vonBacteroides fragilis, von denen fünf gegenüber Benzylpenicillin und Cephaloridin hochresistent, fünf mäßig resistent und fünf empfindlich waren, wurden auf Beta-Laktamase-Bildung untersucht. Bei den hoch und mäßig resistenten Stammgruppen wurde eine Korrelation zwischen Beta-Laktamase-Bildung und MHK-Werten gefunden. Kulturen unter kontrollierten Bedingungen in bewegten Fermentern erbrachten höhere Ausbeuten an Beta-Laktamase als statische Kulturen in Flaschen. Das Enzym hatte seine höchste Aktivität bei pH 5,0 und war stabil zwischen pH 5,5–8,5. Isoelektrische Fokusierung in Polyacrylamid-Gelen erbrachte für das Enzym einen isoelektrischen Punkt von 4,9±0,2. Bei Gegenwart der Beta-Laktamase-Hemmer Clavulansäure und CP-45.899 in Konzentrationen von 1 µg/ml verstärkte sich die Cephaloridinempfindlichkeit der Beta-Laktamase-produzierenden Stämme um das Vierfache oder mehr. Kryptizitäts-Messungen (Beta-Laktamase-Aktivität in aufgeschlossenen Zellen/intakten Zellen) mit Cephaloridin als Substrat könnten auf eine Diffusionsbarriere hinweisen.
    Notes: Summary Fifteen strains ofBacteroides fragilis, five highly resistant, five moderately resistant and five sensitive to benzylpenicillin and cephaloridine, were tested for beta-lactamase production. In the highly resistant and the moderately resistant groups of strains, a correlation between formation of beta-lactamase and MIC-values was found. Culture under controlled conditions in stirred fermentors gave higher yields of beta-lactamase than static cultures in bottles. The enzyme had its maximum activity at pH 5.0 and was stable between pH 5.5–8.5. Isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels gave an isoelectric point of 4.9±0.2 for the enzyme. In the presence of the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid and CP-45.899 at concentrations of 1 µg/ml, the susceptibility to cephaloridine increased fourfold or more in the beta-lactamase-producing strains. Crypticity measurements (beta-lactamase activity broken/intact cells) with cephaloridine as substrate could indicate a diffusion barrier in the cell wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 7 (1988), S. 440-441 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The first European survey of the prevalence of antibiotic resistance inHaemophilus influenzae was conducted between February and October 1986. Eighty laboratories in nine countries participated (Austria, Belgium, France, FRG, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK). A total of 1,961 clinical isolates was examined for type b encapsulation, beta-lactamase production and susceptibility to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cefaclor, erythromycin and tetracycline, using a unique microdilution method. The proportion of isolates resistant to these antibiotics varied considerably between individual countries. The highest prevalence of ampicillin resistance was found in Spain (30.6 %), and the lowest in the FRG (1.6 %), with a mean value of 10 % for all countries. Chloramphenicol resistance was highest in Spain (24.9 %) and Belgium (10.9 %) and lowest in The Netherlands (0.6 %) and Austria (0.5 %), with a mean value of 4.7 %. Resistance to erythromycin ranged from 27 % of the isolates in The Netherlands to 1.1 % in Austria. For tetracycline, values ranged from 1.5 % in the UK to 17.8 % in Belgium and 25.4 % in Spain. The lowest mean prevalence of resistance was observed for cefaclor (breakpoint 8 mg/l): 5 % or less in all countries. These inter-country differences could only partially be explained by variations in the proportion of type b strains, the source of the isolates and the mode of collection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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