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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pentose-shunt oxidation in the periosteal cells in healing fractures (1977)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 23 (1977), S. 77-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Fracture Healing ; Glucose 6-phosphate ; Dehydrogenase ; Glutathione ; Microdensitometry ; Cytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The activity of pentose-shunt dehydrogenases is very low in periosteal cells of normal rat metatarsals, but increases one day post-fracture and rises linearly over the next two days. By four days postfracture, the distribution of this activity along the bone shows two centres of high activity: the first in the region of proliferation to form callus and the second at the site where new bone is first seen, one day later. The high rate of generation of NADPH would be expected to reduce glutathione; reduced glutathione has been shown to inhibit alkaline phosphatase activity in these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012769
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic changes in the cells of the callus during fracture healing in the rat (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 56-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Callus ; Alkaline ; phosphatase ; Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase ; Alcian blue ; Ossification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Unfixed, undecalcified sections from closed fractures of rat metatarsals have been studied by quantitative cytochemistry from the first week after fracture to late in the fracture-healing process. Alkaline phosphatase activity appeared to be related to calcification. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was associated with proliferation and with calcification. Studies made with the critical electrolyte Alcian blue technique suggested that whether the ossification process is of the endochondral or membranous type might be predetermined in the relatively undifferentiated callus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405007
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in alkaline phosphatase activity in periosteal cells in healing fractures (1977)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 22 (1977), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Fracture ; Alkaline phosphatase ; Microdensitometry ; Undemineralised sections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The quantitative changes in alkaline phosphatase activity in the periosteal cells close to the fracture in rat metatarsal bones has been measured during the first 5 days postfracture. This study has been made possible by two technological advances, firstly the development of cryostat microtomy for cutting unfixed, undemineralised bone, and secondly the use of scanning and integrating microdensitometry for quantifying the activity in each periosteal cell. The results showed a loss of alkaline phosphatase activity close to the fracture site, with activity rising to normal values 0.8–1.0 mm from the site. No alkaline phosphatase activity was found in the cells which proliferated from the periosteum. It is suggested that reduced glutathione could cause such inhibition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02010342
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aerobic glycolysis of bone and cartilage: The possible involvement of fatty acid oxidation (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 168-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Bone ; aerobic glycolysis ; fatty acid oxidation ; cartilage ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The apparent paradox of aerobic glycolysis has been investigated in bone and in cartilage. A new cytochemical procedure for hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase (HOAD) activity showed that the maximal activity of this enzyme in both tissues was equivalent to the maximal activity of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPD). The sum of these activities gave a measure of the maximum amount of acetyl-coenzyme A that could be produced. In these tissues, but not in liver which does not exhibit aerobic glycolysis, this summed value exceeded the maximal activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Consequently, it suggested that where fatty acid oxidation is sufficient to supply all the acetyl-coenzyme A required for the Krebs' cycle, that derived from fatty acid oxidation may inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase causing accumulation of pyruvate which must be converted to lactate if pentose-shunt activity is to be maintained.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010309
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymic heterogeneity of normal canine articular cartilage (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 43-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Articular cartilage ; osteoarthritis ; quantitative enzyme cytochemistry ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Articular cartilage is generally considered to be an homogeneous tissue. It has now been shown that, although different regions of the medial tibial cartilage of the dog have very similar oxidative enzymic activities, each region is heterogeneous with respect to these activities. The conventional histological delineation of this cartilage has been modified, to take into account a narrow band (designated zone 2a), just below the most superficial spindle-shaped cells, that has higher oxidative enzymic activity than any other. Changes in the activity in this zone might be diluted by the lack of change in other zones if measured by conventional biochemical procedures which could not measure the activities of the different zones separately.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040107
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Testing Drugs on Human Osteoarthritic Articular Cartilage (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 12 (1994), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Osteoarthritis ; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ; organ maintenance culture ; quantitative cytochemistry ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: New drugs are generally developed against animal models of the human disease. Before they are subjected to clinical trials it might be helpful to be able to test whether they are as effective against the disease in human tissue as they were in animals. It is proposed that this can be achieved by the use of organ maintenance culture of the human diseased tissue, the relevant biochemical parameters being measured by quantitative cytochemistry. In the present studies differences between the effect of indomethacin and of the ‘chondroprotective’ drug diclofenac sodium, on human osteoarthritic cartilage, have been measured.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290120109
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered orientation of glycosaminoglycans and cellular changes in the tibial cartilage in the first two weeks of experimental canine osteoarthritis (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research 3 (1985), S. 258-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0736-0266
    Keywords: Experimental osteoarthritis ; Polarized light microscopy ; Orientation of glycosaminoglycans ; Water content ; Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Changes in the cellularity and in the nature of the matrix were studied in the cartilages of the tibial plateau in experimentally induced arthritis in the dog, 7 and 14 days after section of the anterior cruciate ligament. Samples from the different regions of these cartilages were chilled and sectioned in a cryostat, with a variable microtome chuck to allow precise orientation of the specimens. The samples were examined by normal light microscopy, by microscopic interferometry, and by quantitative polarized light microscopy. The orientation of the glycosaminoglycans was assessed by the new “induced birefringence” method. The results indicated that only the region of the medial tibial cartilage that was unprotected by the meniscus was affected, showing increased water content, loss of superfical cells, and a decrease in orientation of the glycosaminoglycans. Whereas the birefringence of the collagen was markedly increased: this may be a useful indicator of early osteoarthritic changes.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100030302
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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