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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PARAMETRIC AND NONPARAMETRIC TESTS FOR DEPENDENT DATA (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 24 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : Simulation and analytical results show that ignoring serial dependence can have serious effects on the performance of the t, sign, and Wilcoxen tests. In particular, the true significance levels of these tests are altered significantly from the intended nominal levels. Modifications for these tests are given and shown to have the correct significance levels. Furthermore, an estimate of serial correlation is suggested for binary data and evaluated by simulation. An application to the toxic contaminants data from the Niagara River concludes the paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1988.tb00901.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of autocorrelation in a binary time series (1988)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2 (1988), S. 61-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Binary data ; censored observations ; autocorrelations ; acid rain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The properties of the well known estimator of the transition probabilities in a binary time series are investigated. A formula for the variance is obtained, which generally involves a double integral. However, in the case when the binary series is obtained by hard clipping of an AR(1) process, a good and fairly simple approximation is derived. In the MA(1) or MA(2) case exact formulae for the variance is given. In the appendix an excellent approximation to the fourth order cumulant of a clipped AR(1) process is derived, which may be of interest in other applications as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01544195
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of two-way layout of count data with negative binomial variation (1991)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 17 (1991), S. 315-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A number of methods has been proposed for dealing with single-factor or factorial experiments when the requirements for performing the normal theory analysis of variance procedure are not satisfied. This paper suggests the use of the likelihood ratio statistic for testing the main effects and the interaction between the factors in two-way layout of count data following negative binomial distributions with a common dispersion parameter. The likelihood ratio statistic for testing the equality of the dispersion parameters of several groups of count data is also derived. The methods is illustrated by an example concerning the study of spatial and temporal variation of bacterial counts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399311
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical inference from multiply censored environmental data (1991)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 17 (1991), S. 339-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Maximum likelihood estimation for multiply censored samples are discussed. Approximate confidence intervals for the lognormal mean are obtained using both Taylor expansion method and direct method. It is shown that the direct method performs noticeably better than the Taylor expansion method. Simulation results and applications are provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399313
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An overview of the acidification of lakes in Atlantic Canada (1991)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 17 (1991), S. 323-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of water chemistry from a sample of lakes (≃1300) in Atlantic Canada has indicated that lakes in geologically sensitive portions of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland have been acidified due to the combined effects of natural organic acids and anthropogenically derived mineral acids. Principal component analysis of six measured variables (pH, Ca, Conductance, SO inf4 sup* , Alkalinity, Colour) and one computed variable (Alk/Ca*+Mg*) for each province result in four components which retain at least 89% of the original variability. Cluster analysis of the four principal components resulted in 6 lake groups for New Brunswick and 8 groups for Nova Scotia and 7 groups for Newfoundland. Geographic ordination of these clusters indicates that there is good correspondence between cluster group and the underlying bedrock geology of the region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399312
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and model based inferences with applications to acidification of lakes in eastern Canada (1992)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 23 (1992), S. 269-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The design and model based approaches for making inferences about the number of lakes affected by acidic deposition and the chemical characteristics of aquatic resources at risk are described. In many instances when the lakes in the sample are selected for convenience without any randomization, the model based approach continues to provide valid inferences about the population of lakes. The performances of the two approaches are compared using a small population of 177 lakes which are located in southern Quebec. Examples from the Canadian acid rain monitoring program in the Atlantic provinces are also given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00406965
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1992)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 23 (1992), S. vii 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00406948
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coliform concentrations in Lake Erie — 1966 to 1970 (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 111 (1984), S. 133-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: coliform ; spatial and temporal distribution ; statistical analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Total coliform concentrations obtained from cruises of Lake Erie, conducted from the Canada Centre for Inland Waters between 1966 and 1970, have been analysed to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of total coliforms in the lake. Although year to year comparisons were made on a qualitative level due to the limitations in the data, some consistent seasonal features of the spatial distribution are evident. The location of zones of higher concentration have been attributed to proximity to large urban areas and lake currents. The contribution of fecal coliforms to the total coliform concentration has been examined with the conclusion that, at the low total coliform concentrations (⩽ 30 per 100 ml) observed in much of the lake, there is no relationship between the two concentrations but, over a broader range, fecal coliforms increase with total coliform concentrations and, at very high total coliform concentrations (⩾1000 per 100 ml), fecal coliforms are always present. The analysis demonstrates 1) the value of examining observed and fitted distributions to compare subsets of a large collection of data and 2) a clustering procedure which is generally applicable to data consisting of counts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008626
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial characterization of acidification related parameters in sensitive regions of Atlantic Canada (1989)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 46 (1989), S. 289-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Many lakes in eastern Canada are sensitive to long range transport of atmospheric pollutants because of their low buffering capacity. Thus, it is important to assess long term changes in water quality. Due to the large number of lakes, a method was needed for choosing a subset of lakes to monitor regularly. Preliminary surveys were conducted in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland in which water quality parameters connected with acidification were measured in a set of lakes in each region. This paper describes the division of each set of lakes into several groups, with lakes in a group having similar water quality parameter values, by means of cluster analysis and principal component ordination. The characteristics of the groups are shown by graphical procedures and summary statistics, and this characterization is used to both determine the number of groups and describe the final choice. The membership of the groups was subsequently assessed in terms of the influences of terrestrial weathering, marine aerosols, anthropogenically derived mineral acids and natural organic acids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192864
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1989)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 13 (1989), S. vii 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00394222
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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