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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automated fluid mixing in glass capillaries (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 519-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A fast method and compact device for mixing sub-microliter fluid samples contained in glass capillaries is presented. The fluid is rapidly moved back and forth by air volume displacement driven by a piezo-ceramic actuator. Rapid mixing of different fluids is achieved via diffusion between the main fluid volume in the capillary and the thin fluid film it deposits on the capillary wall through its motion. Bubbles in the fluid are processed out of the capillary by use of an asymmetric velocity profile. A simple analysis model is used to optimize the design of the device and to elucidate the mechanisms involved in mixing. The mixing time is found to be inversely proportional to the fraction of the fluid volume that is left in the film layer for each cycle, which is determined by the wetting properties and the viscosity. The mixing time is therefore controlled by the dead-air volume of the system, the fluid volume, the capillary size, and the displacement limits of the piezo-ceramic actuator, in addition to the intrinsic properties of the fluid being mixed. The device described can mix two 1 μl water solutions in under 3 s. The possible shear breakage of DNA in solution is investigated, and λ-DNA is found to remain intact at aggressive mixing parameters. No evidence of aerosol contamination in polymerase chain reaction reactions was found to date. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148690
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical diagnostic to measure ion temperature and parallel velocity fluctuations on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 845-847 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A high-throughput, high-frequency charge exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic (HF-CHERS) has been developed to give localized measurements of ion temperature and parallel velocity microturbulence (T˜i,v˜(parallel)) in the plasma core of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR). HF-CHERS uses an interference filter spectrometer to measure intensity fluctuations simultaneously over several wavelength intervals of the line shape of the n=8–7 transition of C+5 (529 nm). T˜i and v˜(parallel) are deduced from the moments of the emitted line shape. Using the beam emission spectroscopy optics on TFTR, measurements are made with 1–2 μs time resolution and ≈2 cm spatial resolution. The initial implementation of the diagnostic is expected to be sensitive to temperature fluctuations of T˜/T≥1%. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146245
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Density fluctuation measurements via beam emission spectroscopy (invited) : Proceedings of the 9th Topical Conference on High Temperature Plasma Diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 4907-4912 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Previous studies of plasma microturbulence have indicated that the fluctuation power scales with radial wave number, k⊥ , like k⊥−2→k⊥−3.5 for k⊥ ≥2 cm−1. This implies that low k fluctuations may dominate the spectrum. Beam emission spectroscopy (BES) has been developed to provide spatially localized measurements of density fluctuations in this low k region of the spectrum (k⊥ ≤2 cm−1). A 20-channel system has been installed on TFTR which images one of the heating neutral beams (via fiber optics) onto a set of photoconductive photodiode detectors. Fluctuations in the fluorescent Dα emission from the beam can be related to the local plasma density fluctuations via a model of the atomic excitation processes. The analysis of BES data utilizes many of the standard statistical analysis techniques such as power spectra, coherency and cross phase, and correlation analysis which are also used in the analysis of, for example, Langmuir probe data. In the case of BES however, these techniques require some special modifications to account for systematic effects such as photon statistics and fluctuations in the neutral beam density induced by the strong fluctuations near the plasma edge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143546
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical fluctuation measurements of turbulence using a diagnostic beam on Phaedrus-T : Proceedings of the 9th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 4928-4930 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Plasma density turbulence has been measured with the beam emission spectroscopy (BES) diagnostic system, using a low-power neutral beam with He0 and H0 as beam species. In general, He0 (588 nm) provided the best signal-to-noise ratio due to its lower edge plasma background interference. Simultaneous measurements of edge density fluctuations have been made with BES and Langmuir probes; the spectra are seen to be essentially identical, and the fluctuation amplitudes from both diagnostics are in close agreement. A poloidal coherence length of about 2–4 cm was observed. Radial propagation of modes was not seen, but a lab-frame poloidal phase velocity at r/a=0.77 of about 7×105 cm/s in the electron diamagnetic direction was observed, corresponding to m=8–75 kHz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143552
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of material properties on the radiation of impact sound from cylinders (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 19 (1979), S. 331-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A number of studies have investigated engineering methods of reducing forge-hammer noise by means of enclosure, blow reduction and external application of damping materials. Another alternative, in which parts and units are manufactured from metals with high internal damping, has yet to be fully investigated. In a theoretical and experimental study of sound radiation from cylindrical samples, candidate hammer materials are evaluated for potential reduction of radiated energy and energy spectrum. It is shown that the quantity of radiated sound is strongly dependent on the stiffness and damping properties of the candidate tool-steel, forged-iron and cast-iron samples. The rate of attenuation of sound radiation is also shown to be affected in a predictable manner from the (tabulated) properties of the metals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02324154
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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