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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 9 (1994), S. 105-109 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Afin d'étudier la pathophysiologie de l'incontinence fécale en cas de diabète, deux groupes de patients diabétiques ont été analysés: 14 sujets incontinents (7 femmes et 7 hommes dont l'âge moyen est de 57±9 ans) (groupe A) et 15 sujets sans incontinence mais porteurs d'une neuropathie périphérique (6 femmes et 9 hommes dont l'âge moyen est de 54,7±8 ans). Un troisième groupe (groupe C) constitué de 10 volontaires sains a servi de groupe contrôle. Tous les sujets ont subi des investigations électroneurographiques de leur neuropathie périphérique, une mesure du temps de latence du nerf honteux interne, une manométrie anorectale et des tests de sensibilité rectale. Tous les patients du groupe A présentent une neuropathie somatique périphérique. La pression maximale de rétention est plus basse dans le groupe A que dans le groupe C (P〈0,025) et peut être maintenue moins longtemps dans le groupe A que dans le groupe B (P〈0,0005) ou que dans le groupe C (P〈0,0005). Les seuils de sensibilité rectale sont plus élevés dans le groupe A que dans les groupes B et C. Le temps de latence du nerf honteux interne est allongé chez 92,9% des patients étudiés dans le groupe A et 73,3% des patients du groupe B (A vs B,P〈0,005); la différence est encore plus significative en comparaison avec le groupe C (A vs CP〈0,0005, B vs CP〈0,005). Nos constations suggèrent que la neuropathie somatique joue un rôle important dans la genèse de l'incontinence chez les patients diabétiques, en combinaison avec des altérations du seuil de sensibilité rectale en tant que symptôme d'une atteinte autonome.
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the pathophysiology of faecal incontinence in diabetes mellitus, two groups of diabetic patients were studied: 14 subjects (7 females and 7 males, mean age 57±9 years) with faecal incontinence (Group A) and 15 subjects (6 females and 9 males, mean age 54.7±8 years) without faecal incontinence but affected by somatic peripheral neuropathy. A third group (C) of 10 healthy volunteers was used as controls. All subjects underwent electroneurographic evaluation of peripheral neuropathy, pudendal nerve terminal motor latency, anorectal manometry and rectal sensitivity tests. All the patients of group A had somatic peripheral neuropathy. Maximum squeeze pressure was lower in A compared to C (P〈0.025) and sustained for a shorter period in A compared with B (P〈0.0005) and C (P〈0.0005). All rectal sensitivity thresholds were higher in A compared with B and C. Pudendal Nerve Terminal Motor Latency was prolonged in 93% of patients studied in group A and in 73% of patients in group B (A vs BP〈0.005), with a significant difference in comparison with C: A vs CP〈0.0005, B vs CP〈0.005. Our findings suggest that somatic neuropathy plays an important role in faecal incontinence in diabetic patients, combined with sesation threshold impairment as a feature of an autonomic involvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Cyclosporin ; Steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis ; Subtotal colectomy ; Immune suppressor drugs ; Surgical outcomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The recent introduction of the immune suppressor cyclosporin for treatment of steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis has required surgeons to perform a colectomy in those patients who eventually fail this rescue treatment, thus raising questions as to the safety of surgery as performed in patients with a heavily manipulated immune system. To assess the rates of mortality and morbidity in this setting, we studied a cohort of consecutive patients who had surgery after failing cyclosporin for refractory ulcerative colitis at our center. METHODS: Between January 1991 and December 1996, 25 patients with ulcerative colitis underwent restorative proctocolectomy performed in three steps (21 patients) and in two steps (4 patients). Seventeen of the 25 patients (68 percent) were initial nonresponders to a dose of 2 mg/kg/day of intravenous cyclosporin and underwent surgery immediately, the remaining 8 (32 percent) relapsed as outpatients on oral cyclosporin and were readmitted for surgery. RESULTS: There was no operative mortality. Nine patients of the 25 developed postoperative (early) complications (36 percent). The three-step operation subset had a 28 percent complication rate, the two-step 75 percent. Three patients needed reoperation. A total of 11 patients (44 percent) reported with late complications: two patients required surgical treatment, one for obstruction and one for pouch-perianal fistula. Three cases of pouchitis were recorded. No patient required pouch removal. CONCLUSION: Given the absence of postoperative mortality and a low overall complication rate, restorative proctocolectomy can safely be perofrmed in patients who fail rescue treatment with a dose of 2 mg/kg of cyclosporin for steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis. Corollary evidence in this article hints but does not prove that the three-step procedure is safer than the two-step operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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