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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 21 (1995), S. 584-589 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Ketamine ; Gastrointestinal motility ; Pain, post-operative ; Critical care
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective The purpose of this trial was to clarify the effets of intravenous ketamine at anaesthetic and sub-anaesthetic dosages on gastrointestinal motility. Design 20 beagles (group 1: 3 mg/ketamine/kg/h,n=10; group 2: 30 mg ketamine/kg/h,n=10), were investigated. Gastric emptying (nuclide gastric emptying studies, liquid and semi-solid test meal), intestinal transit time (Hydrogen breath test with lactulose) and intestinal motor function (perfusion manometry with 8 measuring ports) were determned. As a control condition, the tests were performed on all dogs in the two groups during infusion of physiological saline solution. Results No significant differences in the motility patterns were present between 3 mg ketamine/kg/h and the control condition. For group 2, a moderately significant (p〈0.05) increase in the interdigestive motility index was observed for 30 mg k ketamine/kg/h. However, this did not change the transit criteria. There was no significant difference between ketamine and control condition tests with regard to cycle and phase lengths or the propagation rate of the activity front. Conclusions We conclude that ketamine provokes no basic changes in gastrointestinal motility, at either sub-anaesthetic doses. It can there-fore be used to advantage in the continuous postoperative analgesia of intensive care patients, where repeated interventions are necessary and no cardiopulmonary contraindications are present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 28 (1987), S. 210 
    ISSN: 0022-4731
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
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    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Orientalistische Literaturzeitung. 61:1/2 (1966:Jan./Feb.) 85 
    ISSN: 0030-5383
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Ethnic Sciences , History
    Notes: Besprechungen
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  • 4
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    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Orientalistische Literaturzeitung. 63:11/12 (1968:Nov./Dez.) 595 
    ISSN: 0030-5383
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Ethnic Sciences , History
    Notes: Besprechungen
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  • 5
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    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Orientalistische Literaturzeitung. 59:9/10 (1964:Sept./Okt.) 500 
    ISSN: 0030-5383
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Ethnic Sciences , History
    Notes: Besprechungen
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  • 6
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    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Orientalistische Literaturzeitung. 70:2 (1975:März/Apr.) 196 
    ISSN: 0030-5383
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Ethnic Sciences , History
    Notes: Besprechungen
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 68 (1997), S. 753-762 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Cardiovascular diseases ; Preoperative risk assessment ; Risk factors ; General surgery ; Postoperative complications ; prevention. ; Schlüsselwörter: Kardiovasculäre Erkrankungen ; präoperative Risikoabschätzung ; Risikofaktoren ; Allgemeinchirurgie ; postoperative Komplikationsreduktion.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Kardiale Komplikationen beeinflussen die Morbidität und Letalität bei nichtkardialen chirurgischen Eingriffen trotz verbesserter operativer Techniken und Anaesthesie immer noch maßgeblich. Somit kommt der präoperativen kardialen Risikoabschätzung eine besondere Bedeutung zu, da nach einer gründlichen Anamneseerhebung und Untersuchung die notwendigen weiteren diagnostischen Schritte eingeleitet werden, die das individuelle mit dem geplanten operativen Eingriff verbundene kardiale Risiko näher eingrenzen. Ziel ist die präoperative Optimierung des kardialen Status und Reduktion der perioperativen kardialen Morbidität und Letalität.
    Notes: Summary. Cardiac complications remain an important cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality with noncardiac surgery, despite improvement in surgical techniques and anaesthetic management. Therefore preoperative cardiovascular risk assessment plays a pivotal role in management of patients prior to noncardiac surgery. Thorough history-taking and careful examination are essential to consider further diagnostic steps in order to predict the patient's individual perioperative cardiac risk as accurately as possible. Besides elaboration of medical therapy, cardiac catherization and even balloon angioplasty or bypass surgery must be considered if indicated by preoperative cardiac testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 14 (2000), S. 951 -954 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Cancer — Endoscopic ultrasonography — Gastric carcinoma — Stomach
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is a standard procedure in the preoperative staging of patients with gastric carcinomas. Herein we present our experience with EUS and discuss the results and their implications for surgical therapy. Methods: A total of 116 patients with histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma were referred to EUS and classified prospectively by the TNM system. The results of the preoperative endosonographic staging were compared with the definitive histopathological results after the operation. Results: The overall accuracy of EUS for determination of the T stage was 78%. The accuracy for the T1 and T2 stages was 80% and 63%, respectively. With 20% and 30%, there was a relatively high rate of overstaging in these cases. The accuracy for T3 and T4 tumors was 95% and 83%, respectively. The accuracy of EUS for determination of the N stage was 77%, with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 84%. Resectability was predicted correctly with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 83%. Conclusions: Generally accepted standards for the therapy of advanced gastric carcinomas do not exist. In cases where the therapeutic strategy is surgical exploration, no preoperative staging is necessary. In cases with differentiated treatment strategies, the accuracy of EUS is not sufficient for the selection of patients for endoscopic resection. Its accuracy for submucosal cancer invasion and for the detection of lymph node metastases needs to be further enhanced. If only multimodal therapy is considered, EUS staging seems to be absolutely mandatory. Patients classified preoperatively as T1 to T3 can be operated on primarily with sufficient security. In patients where radical resection of the tumor seems doubtful, we recommend that a diagnostic laparoscopy be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Whipple resection ; Ischaemia ; Operation technique ; Vascular surgery ; Hypoplastic coeliac trunk. ; Schlüsselwörter: Whipple-Operation ; Ischämie ; Operationstechnik ; Gefäßchirurgie ; Truncus-coeliacus-Hypoplasie.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Bei der partiellen Pankreatoduodenektomie nach Whipple wird die Kollateralisation zwischen der A. mesenterica superior und dem Truncus coeliacus beeinträchtigt, was zumeist folgenlos für die Durchblutung der Oberbauchorgane bleibt. Die vorliegende Kasuistik beschreibt den seltenen Fall einer Patientin, bei der es im Rahmen dieses Eingriffs und bei Vorliegen eines hypoplastischen Truncus coeliacus zum Auftreten einer hepatolienalen Ischämie gekommen war und eine Revascularisation notwendig wurde. Hinsichtlich der Indikation zur präoperativen Angiographie besteht eine Diskrepanz zwischen der hohen Rate von Gefäßvarianten und -veränderungen einerseits und der selten resultierenden klinischen Relevanz andererseits. Bei Patienten ohne Arteriosklerose oder Zustand nach Resektion im Oberbauchbereich ist unseres Erachtens die probatorische Ausklemmung der Gefäße gut geeignet, um Fälle, bei denen gefäßchirurgische Interventionen notwendig sind, rechtzeitig zu identifizieren.
    Notes: Summary. With the performance of a partial duodenopancreatectomy, the collateral vascular bed between the coeliac trunk and the superior mesenteric artery is reduced. Normally, this does not lead to ischaemia of the upper abdominal organs. However, we present the rare case of a patient in whom a Whipple resection in combination with a hyploplastic coeliac trunk led to hepatic and splenal ischaemia and aorto-hepatic bypass grafting. The indication for preoperative arteriography is in discussion, since variations or alteration of the upper abdominal vessels are known to be common but manifest organ ischaemia during resection is a rare complication. Patients with signs of general arteriosclerosis or those in whom upper abdominal resection has been performed previously may benefit from angiography. In other cases a test occlusion before vessel ligation is considered to be suitable in assessing the need for vascular surgical intervention.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Pankreaskarzinom ; Chronische Pankreatitis ; Lymphknotenmetastasen ; Positronenemissionstomographie ; Fluordesoxyglukose ; Key words Pancreatic cancer ; Chronic pancreatitis ; Lymph node metastases ; Positron emission tomography ; Fluorodeoxyglucose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Although the detection of pancreatic carcinoma has been considerably improved by recently developed imaging procedures, differential diagnosis between cancer and benign tumor masses, as well as lymph node staging, is still difficult. In vivo evaluation of regional glucose metabolism by means of positron emission tomography (PET) and fluorine-18-labelled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a new approach utilizing metabolic instead of morphological tumor properties for diagnosis. Patients and methods: A total of 85 patients with suspected pancreatic carcinoma were investigated by FDG-PET prior to surgery. Static PET scans were evaluated visually as well as quantitatively, taking increased FDG uptake as a sign of malignancy. PET results were correlated with intraoperative findings and histopathology of surgical specimens. Results: Forty-seven out of 55 (85 %) malignant tumors and 23 out of 30 (77 %) benign lesions were correctly classified by PET. Lymph node metastases were present in 31 patients, 19 of them (61 %) positive in PET. In 7 our of 13 (54 %) patients with liver metastases, PET detected hypermetabolic lesions. False-negative findings were mainly due to disturbance of glucose metabolism in diabetic patients, while most false-positive results could be attributed to acute inflammatory lesions in chronic pancreatitis. Conclusions: Our results indicate that classification of pancreatic masses can be improved by use of FDG-PET, which might lead to a reduction of unnecessary laparotomies in patients with benign or incurable disease.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Trotz methodischer Verbesserungen in der Diagnostik des Pankreaskarzinoms ist die Differentialdiagnose pankreatischer Raumforderungen bei bestehender chronischer Pankreatitis sowie der Nachweis etwaiger Lymphknotenmetastasen bislang nur unvollständig gelöst. Die Bestimmung des regionalen Glukosestoffwechsels mit Hilfe der Positronenemissionstomographie (PET) und Fluor-18-markierter Fluordesoxyglukose (FDG) stellt einen neuen diagnostischen Ansatz dar, der nicht auf dem Nachweis morphologischer sondern metabolischer Tumorcharakteristika beruht. Bei 85 Patienten mit vermutetem Pankreaskarzinom wurde präoperativ eine FDG-PET durchgeführt und der Befund mit der histopathologischen Aufarbeitung des Operationspräparats verglichen. Von 55 malignen Tumoren konnten 47 anhand ihres Hypermetabolismus korrekt klassifiziert werden (85 %), 23 von 30 benignen Tumoren (77 %) wiesen keine Stoffwechselsteigerung auf (richtig-negativ). In der Ausbreitungsdiagnostik zeigte PET in 19 von 31 Fällen (61 %) korrekt das Vorliegen regionaler Lymphknotenmetastasen, in 7 von 13 Fällen (54 %) eine Lebermetastasierung an. Falsch negative Befunde fanden sch bei Diabetikern (5 von 8 unentdeckten Primärtumoren) während falsch positive Ergebnisse mehrheitlich (4 von 7) auf akut entzündliche Veränderungen bei chronischer Pankreatitis zurückzuführen waren. Diese Ergebnisse belegen, daß durch die FDG-PET eine Verbesserung der Diagnostik unklarer pankreatischer Raumforderungen erreicht werden kann, die zu einer Reduktion unnötiger Laparatomien beitragen könnte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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