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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localization of corticotropin-releasing factor in the brain of the turtle, Mauremys caspica (1993)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 188 (1993), S. 163-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) ; Immunocytochemistry ; Mauremys caspica (Chelonia)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Brain sections of the turtle, Mauremys caspica were studied by means of an antiserum against rat corticotropin-releasing factor. Immunoreactive neurons were identified in telencephalic, diencephalic and mesencephalic areas such as the cortex, nucleus caudatus, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, subfornical organ, paraventricular nucleus, hypothalamic dorsolateral aggregation, nucleus of the paraventricular organ, infundibular nucleus, pretectal nucleus, periventricular grey, reticular formation and nucleus of the raphe. Many immunoreactive cells located near the ependyma were bipolar, having an apical dendrite that contacted the cerebrospinal fluid. Immunoreactive fibers were seen in these locations and in the lamina terminalis, lateral forebrain bundle, supraoptic nucleus, median eminence, neurohypophysis, tectum opticum, torus semicircularis and deep mesencephalic nucleus. Parvocellular bipolar immunoreactive neurons from the paraventricular and infundibular nuclei projected axons that joined the hypothalamo-hypophysial tract and reached the outer zone of median eminence, and the neural lobe of the hypophysis where immunoreactive fibers terminated close to intermediate lobe cells. From these results it can be concluded that, as in other vertebrates, corticotropin-releasing factor in the turtle may act as a releasing factor and, centrally, as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186250
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibody-mediated lysis of the bovine subcommissural organ maintained in culture (1995)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 107 (1995), S. 39-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Subcommissural organ ; Plasma membrane proteins ; Organ culture ; Immunological destruction ; Bovine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The subcommissural organ (SCO) is a brain gland that secretes glycoproteins into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is an ancient and conserved secretory structure of the brain, developing very early in ontogeny. However, the function of the SCO is unknown. The secretory cells of the SCO are arranged into a single or double, irregularly shaped layer located at the interface of the CSF and nervous tissue. This has prevented its selective surgical destruction. The present investigation was designed to destroy the secretory cells of 30-day-old expiants of bovine SCO by use of an immunological approach. A membrane preparation enriched with plasma membrane of the secretory cells of the bovine SCO was obtained. This preparation was further processed to separate the structural proteins. A similar procedure was applied to obtain a fraction of integral proteins of the plasma membrane of a nonsecretory ciliated ependyma. Antisera were prepared against both preparations of integral proteins. The antiserum against the fraction obtained from the SCO cells immunostained the plasma membrane of the bovine SCO cells and in immunoblot it reacted with several proteins of the membrane preparation from SCO cells. When added to the culture medium this antibody bound to the apical plasma membrane of the secretory ependyma of the bovine SCO kept in culture; it caused the lysis of these cells when used together with complement. None of these properties were displayed by the antiserum raised against the integral proteins of the plasma membrane of the ciliated ependyma. This antiserum, however, immunostained the bovine ciliated ependyma neighboring the SCO. These results indicate that immunological surgery of the SCO in living animals may be possible to achieve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228015
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osmoregulatory responses to abrupt salinity changes in the euryhaline gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 106 (1993), S. 245-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(93)90507-Z
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cortisol on brackish water adaptation in the euryhaline gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 107 (1994), S. 397-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Keywords: Brackish water adaptation ; Cortisol ; Osmoregulation ; Sparus aurata L
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(94)90398-0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Environmental Salinity on Prolactin and Corticotropic Cells in the Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    General and Comparative Endocrinology 90 (1993), S. 220-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-6480
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/gcen.1993.1077
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of decreased environmental salinity on growth hormone cells in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 46 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effect of decreased environmental salinity on growth hormone producing cells (GH cells) of the adenohypophysial proximal pars distalis has been studied in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) adapted to sea water (SW, 980 mosmol kg −1) and brackish water (BW, 200 mosmol kg −1). A combined immunocytochemical, morphometric and electron microscopic study was carried out. GH cells offish adapted to BW occupied a greater hypophysial volume (about 21% of the total hypophysial volume in BW, 17% in SW) and had a larger nuclear area (mean 16 μm2 in BW, 13 μm2 in SW) than GH cells of SW-adapted fish. The immunoreactivity against a salmon GH-antiserum was lower in BW (mean optical density 142 in BW, 159 in SW). Ultrastructural characteristics of GH cells of BW-adapted fish were distended rough endo-plasmatic reticulum and large secretory granules (about 216 nm in diameter for BW, 209 nm in SW). Volumetric, densitometric and ultrastructural evidence suggested that the synthesis and release of GH were activated in S. aurata adapted to hypo-osmotic environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb05990.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondria with atypical cristae in the hypothalamic neuropil of the water snake Natrix Maura
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cell Biology International Reports 6 (1982), S. 1093-1099 
    Details
    ISSN: 0309-1651
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0309-1651(82)90026-1
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decreased cerebrospinal fluid flow through the central canal of the spinal cord of rats immunologically deprived of Reissner's fibre (1994)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 98 (1994), S. 431-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Subcommissural organ ; Reissner's fibre ; Immunological blockade ; Cerebrospinal fluid circulation ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The subcommissural organ is an ependymal brain gland that secretes glycoproteins to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the thrid ventricle. They condense to form a fibre, Reissner's fibre (RF), that runs along the aqueduct and fourth ventricle and the central canal of the spinal cord. A single injection of an antibody against the secretory glycoproteins of RF into a lateral ventricle of adult rats results in animals permanently deprived of RF in the central canal and bearing a “short” RF extending only along the aqueduct and the fourth ventricle. These animals, together with untreated control animals were used to investigate the probable influence of RF in the circulation of CSF in the central canal of the spinal cord. For this purpose, two tracers (horseradish peroxidase and rabbit immunoglobulin) were injected into the ventricular CSF. The animals were killed 13, 20, 60, 120 and 240 min after the injection, and the amount of the tracers was estimated in tissue sections obtained at proximal, medial and distal levels of the spinal cord. In rats deprived of RF, a significant decrease in the amount of tracers present in the central canal was observed at all experimental intervals, being more evident at 20 min after the injection of the tracers. This suggests that lacking a RF in the central canal decreases the bulk flow of CSF along the central canal. Turbulences of the CSF at the entrance of the central canal of RF-deprived rats might explain the inability of the regenerating RF to progress along the central canal, as well as the reduced flow of CSF in the central canal of these animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233981
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light- and electron-microscopic immunocytochemical investigation of the subcommissural organ using a set of monoclonal antibodies against the bovine Reissner's fiber (1995)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 104 (1995), S. 221-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ten monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against glycoproteins of the bovine Reissner's fiber (RF) have been used in a structural and ultrastructural immunocyto-chemical investigation of the bovine subcommissural organ (SCO) and RF. The SCO of other vertebrate species has also been studied. For comparison, polyclonal antibodies against bovine RF (AFRU) were used. The SCO and RF of ox, pig and dogfish and the SCO of dog, rabbit, rat and frog were submitted to light-microscopic immunocytochemistry using AFRU and Mabs. Postembedding ultrastructural immunocytochemistry was applied to sections of bovine SCO using AFRU and Mabs. Bovine SCO consists of ependymal and hypendymal cell layers, the latter being arranged as cell strands across the posterior commissure, or as hypendymal rosette-like structures. All cytoplasmic regions of the ependymal and hypendymal cells were strongly stained with AFRU. Six Mabs showed the same staining pattern as AFRU, one Mab stained RF strongly and SCO weakly, two Mabs stained RF but not SCO, and, finally, one Mab (3B1) exclusively stained the apices of the ependymal and hypendymal cells. All Mabs recognized the SCO and RF of the pig. Two Mabs bound to the SCO of the dog. One Mab stained the SCO of the rabbit and another the SCO of the rat. The SCO of frog and dogfish were totally negative. Bovine SCO stained with AFRU, showed label in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and the secretory granules (SG) of the ependymal and hypendymal cells. The former, in the form of parallel cisternae, reticulum or concentric rings, was seen throughout all cytoplasmic regions. SG were abundant in the apical pole of the ependymal and hypendymal cells. Only one Mab showed a staining pattern similar to AFRU. Five Mabs showed strong reactions in the SG but weak labeling of the RER. Mab 3B1 showed the label confined to the SG only. Our results suggest that: (i) in the bovine tissue, some epitopes are present in both precursor and processed materials, whereas others are characteristic of mature glycoproteins present in SG and the RF; (ii) the bovine SCO secretes at least two different compounds present in ependymal and hypendymal cells: (iii) both compounds coexist in the same secretory granule; (iv) there are conserved, class-specific, and species-specific epitopes in the glycoproteins secreted by the SCO of vertebrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01835155
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuraminidase injected into the cerebrospinal fluid impairs the assembly of the glycoproteins secreted by the subcommissural organ preventing the formation of Reissner’s fiber (1998)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 109 (1998), S. 391-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Neuraminidase was injected into the cerebrospinal fluid of normal rats to investigate the assembly and fate of the desialylated Reissner’s fiber glycoproteins. It was established that a single injection of neuraminidase cleaved the sialic acid residues of the Reissner’s fiber glycoproteins that had been assembled before the injection, and of the molecules that were released over a period of at least 4 h after the injection. These desialylated glycoproteins underwent an abnormal assembly that led to the formation of spheres instead of a fiber. The number of these spheres increased during the 4-h period following the injection, indicating that neuraminidase did not prevent the secretion of the Reissner’s fiber glycoproteins into the cerebrospinal fluid. The spheres remained attached to the surface of the subcommissural organ and became intermingled with infiltrating cells, many of which were immunocytochemically identified as macrophages. The latter were seen to contain immunoreactive Reissner’s fiber material. It is concluded that the desialylated Reissner’s fiber glycoproteins forming the spheres underwent an in situ degradation by macrophages, thus resembling the normal process undergone by the Reissner’s fiber glycoproteins reaching the massa caudalis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050240
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