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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design considerations for single-stage and two-stage pneumatic pellet injectors (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 570-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Performance of single-stage pneumatic pellet injectors is compared with several models for one-dimensional, compressible fluid flow. Agreement is quite good for models that reflect actual breech chamber geometry and incorporate nonideal effects such as gas friction. Several methods of improving the performance of single-stage pneumatic pellet injectors to muzzle velocities ranging from 2 to 2.25 km/s in the near term are outlined. Two-stage pneumatic injectors have the potential for much higher muzzle velocities (4–6 km/s) because of the higher gas pressures and temperatures achievable with the second-stage compression. The design and performance of two-stage pneumatic pellet injectors are discussed, and initial data from the two-stage pneumatic pellet injector test facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory are presented. Finally, a concept for a repeating two-stage pneumatic pellet injector is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140365
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eight-shot pneumatic pellet injection system for the tokamak fusion test reactor (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 58 (1987), S. 1195-1203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An eight-shot pneumatic pellet injection system has been developed for plasma fueling of the tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR). The active cryogenic mechanisms consist of a solid hydrogen extruder and a rotating pellet wheel that are cooled by flowing liquid-helium refrigerant. The extruder provides solid hydrogen for stepwise loading of eight holes located circumferentially around the pellet wheel. This design allows for three different pellet diameters: 3.0 mm (three pellets), 3.5 mm (three pellets), and 4.0 mm (two pellets) in the present configuration. Each of the eight pellets can be shot independently. Deuterium pellets are accelerated in 1.0-m-long gun barrels with compressed hydrogen gas (at pressures from 70 to 105 bar) to velocities in the range 1.0–1.5 km/s. The pellets are transported to the plasma in an injection line that incorporates two stages of guide tubes with intermediate vacuum pumping stations. A remote, stand-alone control and data-acquisition system is used for injector and vacuum system operation. The eight-shot injection system has been installed and operated on TFTR. The design features, operation, and performance characteristics of the system are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139439
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Overview of results from the ATF torsatron (1990)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 2 (1990), S. 1347-1352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experiments involving plasma improvement, confinement scaling, bootstrap currents, and edge fluctuations have been carried out in the Advanced Toroidal Facility (ATF) torsatron [Fusion Technol. 10, 179 (1986)]. Average densities n¯e≤9×1019 m−3 have been obtained, with global energy confinement times τ@B|E≤20 msec. Confinement times generally follow the stellarator/torsatron empirical scaling law, τSL =0.17×P−0.58n0.69eB0.84a2R0.75 (with τSL in seconds, power P in megawatts, density ne in 1020 m−3, and plasma radius a and major radius R in meters). Gas injection during neutral beam injection (NBI) causes increases in ne, so that τ*E does not decrease during NBI. Edge plasma fluctuations are found to exhibit a mode change near the peak of the energy confinement time. Plasma currents observed during electron cyclotron heating have been identified as bootstrap currents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859554
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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