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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of oral timolol studied by mass fragmentography (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 193-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: timolol ; gas chromatography and mass spectrometry ; massfragmentography ; plasma and urine levels ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of timolol, after oral administration of single 20 mg doses to healthy subjects, has been studied using an original electron beam ionization GLC-mass spectrometry technique with computer — controlled multiple ion detection. This method of mass fragmentography, tested with propranolol as an internal standard, permitted the measurement of timolol concentrations as low as 1 ng/ml with good precision and accuracy. It enabled the plasma level to be followed up to the twelfth hour after treatment. Individual variation was observed in bioavailability; the peaks plasma concentration (Cmax) of 50 to 103 ng/ml being achieved at different times(0.5–3 h). The residual level after 12 h differed greatly between the subjects (0.8 to 7.2 ng/ml). The mean half-life of the terminal elimination phase was 2.62 ± 0.17 h. Extra-renal elimination (metabolic and biliary) represented the main route of elimination, with a renal to body clearance ratio of 0.123. This level paralleled the percentage of unaltered timolol excreted in urine 24 h after its administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561948
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of ponsinomycin on cyclosporin pharmacokinetics (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 39 (1990), S. 165-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Cyclosporin A ; ponsinomycin ; pharmacokinetics ; drug interaction ; macrolide antibiotic ; renal transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of treatment with ponsinomycin, a new macrolide antibiotic, on the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporin A has been studied in 10 renal transplant patients. The pharmacokinetics of cyclosporin A was investigated at steady state, before and during treatment with ponsinomycin. On average, the blood levels of cyclosporin A were doubled by the macrolide, possibly due to a decrease in elimination or/and to an increase in absorption. Ponsinomycin should be use very carefully in patients treated with cyclosporin A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280052
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of a fixed combination of sotalol and hydrochlorothiazide in hypertensive patients with moderate renal insufficiency (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 361-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: sotalol ; hydrochlorothiazide ; pharmacokinetics ; moderate renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Decreased elimination of a combined formulation of Sotalol (160 mg) and hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg) was found in patients with moderate renal insufficiency. Very slight accumulation of sotalol and hydrochlorothiazide was observed, so it appears unnecessary to reduce the dosage in patients with a creatinine clearance of 30 ml/min or more.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542176
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of effect of ponsinomycin on the plasma pharmacokinetics of theophylline (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 101-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: theophylline ; ponsinomycin ; pharmacokinetics ; drug interactions ; macrolide antibiotic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of ponsinomycin on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline has been studied in 12 young healthy volunteers. They received 10 doses of theophylline 200 mg every 8 h p.o., successively in the absence and then in the presence of ponsinomycin. This new macrolide, structurally related to midecamycin, was given in the therapeutic dose of 800 mg b.d. for 5 days, starting 2 days before the second phase of treatment with theophylline. The pharmacokinetic parameters of theophylline, calculated from its plasma concentration at steady-state, were not affected by the co-treatment. In particular, there was no significant difference between the peak and trough plasma levels, apparent clearance or apparent elimination half-life of theophylline in the absence and the presence of ponsinomycin. Only renal clearance was slightly (27%) but significantly increased by the co-treatment. The results suggest that ponsinomycin would be a good choice if a macrolide antibiotic were needed in patients being treated with theophylline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609435
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal iontetracyclines interactions in biological fluids. Potentiometric study of calcium complexes with tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline and minocycline and simulation of their distributions under physiological conditions
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Inorganica Chimica Acta 55 (1981), S. 47-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-1693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0020-1693(00)90781-3
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of mequitazin in human plasma and urine by capillary column gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 309 (1984), S. 391-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-4347(84)80048-1
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous quantitative measurement of a new platelet activating factor antagonist (BN 50730) and its two main metabolites in human plasma and urine by LC-MS (1994)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 39 (1994), S. 228-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; LC/MS coupling ; Particle Beam interface ; Plasma and urine samples ; BN50730 and its metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A simple and sensitive assay has been developed for the quantitative measurement of a new platelet activating factor antagonist (BN50730), and its two main metabolites (BN50727 and BN50922), at the picomole level in human plasma and urine. The three compounds of interest and the internal standard (BN50765) were measured by combined LC-negative chemical ionization MS. A simple solid-liquid extraction procedure was used to isolate the parent drug and the two metabolites. The MS was tuned to monitor the intense ionm/z 333 generated in the ion source by a dissociative capture process. The assay was on 1 ml plasma or 0.1 ml urine and the quantitation limit was calculated as 1 ng·ml−1. The very low relative standard deviations and mean percentages of error calculated for within-day or between-day repeatability assays demonstrate the ruggedness of the technique for routine determination in biological fluids. Some preliminary results on the pharmacokinetics of the parent drug and its two main metabolites illustrate the applicability of this method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02274505
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion von Ofloxacin in menschliches Lungengewebe (1986)
    Springer
    Infection 14 (1986), S. S65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Ofloxacin was administered to 17 patients suffering from a pulmonary disorder necessitating surgery. The daily dosage employed was 200 mg b.i.d. during the 48 hours preceding the operation and 200 mg one hour before the operation. During surgery, blood samples and specimens of healthy and diseased lung tissue were taken simultaneously. The ofloxacin levels were determined by HPLC. The mean values of the tissue concentration/plasma concentration ratio were as follows: 3.5±0.4 for the healthy tissue and 3.9±0.4 for the diseased tissue. These values reflected good penetration of ofloxacin into both the healthy and atelectatic pulmonary parenchyma.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 17 Patienten, die wegen Lungenerkrankungen operiert werden mußten, erhielten Ofloxacin. Die Applikation wurde 48 Stunden vor der Operation mit zweimal täglich 200 mg Ofloxacin begonnen; eine Stunde vor der Operation wurden nochmals 200 mg Ofloxacin verabreicht. Während der Operation wurden gleichzeitig Blut- und Gewebeproben von gesunder und pathologisch veränderter Lunge entnommen. Die Ofloxacinspiegel wurden mittels HPLC bestimmt. Die Quotienten der Gewebe/Plasma-Konzentrationen betrugen im Mittel 3,5±0,4 bei gesundem Gewebe und 3,9±0,4 bei krankem Gewebe. Aus diesen Werten ist abzuleiten, daß Ofloxacin in gesundes wie in atelektatisches Lungenparenchym gut penetriert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01645202
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin and theophylline alone and in combination (1986)
    Springer
    Infection 14 (1986), S. S67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die pharmakokinetischen Interaktionen zwischen Ofloxacin (2×200 mg) und Theophyllin (3×200 mg) wurden bei 12 gesunden freiwilligen Probanden über einen Zeitraum von 12 Wochen erforscht. In der ersten Woche wurde Theophyllin fünf Tage lang allein gegeben, um den Steady State zu erreichen. In der zweiten Woche wurde Theophyllin in Kombination mit Ofloxacin verabreicht. In den Werten Cmax, tmax, AUC0–8, Serumeliminationskonstante und Serumhalbwertszeit von Theophyllin fanden sich keine Unterschiede bei alleiniger Gabe oder in Kombination mit Ofloxacin. Die kinetischen Parameter von Ofloxacin stimmten mit publizierten Daten überein.
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetic interactions of ofloxacin (2×200 mg) and theophylline (3×200 mg) were investigated in 12 healthy volunteers over a period of two weeks. In the first week, theophylline was given over five days to reach a steady state. In the second week, the combination of theophylline and ofloxacin was applied. Cmax, tmax, AUC0–8, the serum elimination constant and serum half-life of theophylline were not changed when theophylline was given alone or in combination with ofloxacin. The kinetic parameters of ofloxacin were in accordance with data from the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01645203
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion of ofloxacin into the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with bacterial meningitis (1986)
    Springer
    Infection 14 (1986), S. S254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei neun Patienten, die an bakterieller Meningitis litten, wurde die Diffusion von Ofloxacin in den Liquor cerebrospinalis untersucht. Die Patienten wurden mit Amoxicillin in einer Dosierung von 100 mg/kg/Tag behandelt und erhielten an den ersten fünf Tagen außerdem Ofloxacin oral in einer Dosierung von 200 mg zweimal täglich. An den Tagen 2 und 5 wurden Blut- und Liquorproben entnommen und die Ofloxacinkonzentration mittels HPLC und mikrobiologischer Nachweismethoden gemessen. Die Probenahme erfolgte 2 h (n=2), 4 h (n=1), 6 h (n=2), 8 h (n=2) und 12 h (n=2) nach Ofloxacin-Applikation. Die Konzentration von Ofloxacin im Liquor erreichte 50 bis 60% der Serumspiegel; die mit den beiden Nachweismethoden ermittelten Werte wiesen keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede auf.
    Notes: Summary Ofloxacin diffusion into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was evaluated in nine patients with bacterial meningitis. Patients were under treatment with i.v. amoxicillin (100 mg/kg/day), and during the first five days they were also given oral ofloxacin, 200 mg b.i.d. On days 2 and 5, blood and CSF samples were collected for assays by both HPLC and microbiological techniques. Samples were obtained 2 h (n=2), 4 h (n=1), 6 h (n=2), 8 h (n=2) and 12 h (n=2) after the ofloxacin dose respectively. Concentration in CSF was 50 to 60% of that in serum and there was no significant difference between results with the two assay techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01661286
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