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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prospective effects of perceived risk of developing HIV/AIDS on risk behaviors among injection drug users in Puerto Rico (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction 90 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: The relationship between perceived risk of developing AIDS and subsequent behavioral risk status is estimated for 1740 Puerto Rican injection drug users (IDUs). Prospective behavioral effects were examined comparing data collected at mo intervals approximately 6 months apart. We estimated the association between perceived risk at baseline and risky behaviors at follow-up with unadjusted odds ratios. We confirmed the results with adjusted odds ratios using logistic regressions which included baseline risk status as well as socio-demographic and health status covariates. The analyses showed that having a high HIV/AIDS risk perception was related to subsequent sharing of needles, injection of drugs in shooting galleries and sharing of cookers. None of the tests between risk perception and sex risk behaviors showed a significance association. Increasing IDUs' perceived vulnerability to HIV/AIDS might not be effective in helping reduce HIV risk behaviors. IDUs perceiving themselves to be at high risk of AIDS might believe there is little they can do to reverse the consequences of risky behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.1995.90811059.x
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  • 2
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    Improving Future Preventive Care Through Educational Efforts at a Women's Community Screening Program (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of community health. 17:3 (1992:June) 167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0094-5145
    Topics: Medicine
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:q628-1992-017-03-000004
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What drove changes in the use of breast conserving surgery since the early 1980s? The role of the clinical trial, celebrity action and an NIH consensus statement (2000)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 62 (2000), S. 71-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; breast conserving surgery ; clinical trial ; celebrity ; consensus statement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background.Three important events in the history of breast cancer treatment occurred between 1983 and 1995: a large clinical trial, first lady Nancy Reagan's choice of mastectomy and the publishing of an NIH consensus statement. Objective.To assess the effects of these events on use of breast conserving surgery (BCS). Research design.Data from the cohort study of the surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) Program from 1983 to 1995 were divided into four periods: Baseline, Trial, Celebrity, and Consensus. Subjects.Of the women, 169,466 diagnosed with early stage breast cancer in nine SEER areas. Measures.Monthly percentages of BCS. Results.A linear regression model generated a separate intercept and slope term for four time periods, adjusting for demographic characteristics of breast cancer patients. For the Baseline, Celebrity and Consensus Periods, slopes indicated an increasing use of BCS which varied between 0.24% and 0.28% per month. Slopes for these three periods were not statistically different (p = 0.120). In contrast, there was no change in use of BCS during the trial period (p = 0.247). We tested the magnitude of discontinuity between periods. At the beginning of the trial, celebrity and consensus periods, there were increases in BCS of 5.54% (p 〈 0.001), −3.55% (p 〈 0.001), and 2.37% (p 〈 0.001), respectively. Conclusions.The use of BCS was substantially affected by the reports of a clinical trial of BCS and by celebrity action. These effects were abrupt but transient. The NIH consensus statement stimulated a small change in use of BCS and may be an important intervention for maintaining the increasing trend in use of BCS since the 1990s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006414122201
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improving future preventive care through educational efforts at a women's community screening program (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of community health 17 (1992), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3610
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cervical cancer mortality continues to be a significant problem in the United States. Pap Test screening programs have been effective in attracting high risk women, but the impact of these programs on subsequent health care has seldom been explored. This follow up study examined the impact of a cervical cancer screening and education program on preventive health behaviors of New Hampshire women in the 24 months following the screening program. A mailed survey was sent to a random sample of 750 women from program participants to evaluate both their recent preventive health care practices and to identify perceived barriers to obtaining preventive health services. Of these, 71.1 percent responded. Survey responses of the original program participants were linked to each subject's previous answers to the same questions asked 24 months earlier. A comparison group was derived by asking follow up study participants to identify a female acquaintance within five years of her age. Seventy-four percent of the comparison group responded. Survey responses of original program participants were then compared to those of the comparison group. Results indicate that women who participated in the original Project received significantly more preventive health care services in the two years since the Project than in the two years prior to it. Women in the comparison group received more Paps and clinical breast examinations than women in the participant group, perhaps because all participants had received a Pap test two years before. Having a regular health care provider was the most significant characteristic associated with obtaining indicated preventive services. An important contribution of community screening programs may be to encourage women to establish a regular source of care.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01324405
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