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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infratentorial ependymomas of childhood (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 82 (1991), S. 208-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Infratentorial ependymomas ; Childhood ; Immunohistochemistry ; AgNORs ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have examined pathological criteria in 16 cases of infratentorial ependymomas of childhood using a conventional histological approach, with immunohistochemistry and silver nucleolar organizer region staining (AgNORs). We have found that some of these criteria are of prognostic value. The following histological features were evaluated in each case: cellular density, cellular or nuclear pleiomorphism, mitosis, focal necrosis, endothelial proliferation and complete loss of differentiation. The expression of the following antigens was also studied: epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), human natural killer (HNK1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin. Only three histological criteria have been retained as indicative of bad prognosis, i.e., high mitotic index, a large amount of necrosis and complete loss of differentiation. These criteria distinguish ependymomas from anaplastic ependymomas. GFAP was expressed in all tumors while other antigens were more variable. In addition tumors expressing large amounts of GFAP were statistically associated with a better prognosis. Increased vimentin expression associated with a decrease of GFAP immunoreactivity correlated with anaplasia and short survival. EMA was not directly correlated with postoperative survival but may be considered as a further prognostic factor. Finally AgNORs values were not statistically correlated with postoperative survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294447
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Choroid plexus tumours in children. Review of 24 cases (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 106 (1990), S. 68-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Choroid plexus tumours ; tumour removal ; children hydrocephalus ; shunt ; results
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 24 cases of choroid plexus tumours (16 papillomas and 8 carcinomas) were observed in the Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, HÔpital des Enfants de la Timone, Marseille France between 1975 and 1989. The case records were reviewed and the clinical, surgical, and pathological results are presented here. 14 (58%) were infants and 10 (42%) of these were aged less than 1 year at presentation. In 11 (46%) the tumour arose in the lateral ventricle, in 7 (29%) it was located in the IIId ventricle, and in 6 (25%) the tumour was found in the IVth ventricle. 5 of the 8 carcinomas had their origin in the IVth ventricle. 17 cases (75%) required ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedures before surgery of the tumour and in all these it was left in place post-operatively. One child required shunting de novo after removal of the tumour. A total excision was achieved in 20 children (83%) out of 23 operated upon. The operative mortality (mortality within one month of surgery) was 8%, the overall mortality was 25%. One child with a IIId ventricle papilloma died before surgery from a large gastro-intestinal haemorrhage. 5 children under the age of 3 years with carcinomas on the IVth ventricle died. The 3 children with supratentorial carcinomas are alive respectively 2 months, 8 years, and 13 years after treatment. Among 15 children with papillomas alive, 10 (67%) are neurologically intact and 5 (33%) have sequelae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01809335
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of i(17q) chromosome by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with interphase nuclei in medulloblastoma
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 78 (1994), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-4608
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0165-4608(94)90037-X
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ocular findings in trigonocephaly (1994)
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 232 (1994), S. 728-733 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract • Background: Trigonocephaly, caused by premature closure of the metopic suture, is a rare form of craniosynostosis. The aim of this study was to assess the visual outcome in children operated on for trigonocephaly • Methods: We present eight cases of children with trigonocephaly surgically corrected by the same craniofacial technique. CT with 3D reconstruction was performed in all cases. Genitori defined three types of trigonocephaly according to the severity of the deformity of the skull base only types II and III were included in this study directed at evaluation of the ocular disorder. A complete eye examination was performed on all children by the same observer, with a follow-up of 2–6 years • Results: 3D-CT reconstruction of the skull base showed that the frontozygomatic region was affected by the deformation. Ocular examination showed considerable astigmatism in most children with late operation. A low degree of strabismus was observed in most children • Conclusion: This study demonstrated that reconstructive surgery should be performed by the age of 6 months, given the immaturity of the visual system up to that time. Close cooperation between neurosurgeons, pediatricians and ophthalmologists is of paramount importance in order to prevent this bone deformation exerting an adverse effect on visual development. The ophthalmologist must possess a basic understanding of the various craniosynostoses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184275
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chiari type I anomalies in children and adolescents: minimally invasive management in a series of 53 cases (2000)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 16 (2000), S. 707-718 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Keywords Syringomyelia ; Chiari I malformation ; Foramen magnum decompression ; Children ; Scoliosis ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The authors studied the role of the sole posterior fossa bony decompression in the management of symptomatic children affected by Chiari type I anomalies. The series in the pediatric literature on this subject were reviewed and compared with that presented in this article. From May 1994 to December 1998, 53 patients (3 months to 26 years) were observed. They were divided into: asymptomatic patients (27), who received no surgical treatment and were only subject to clinical observation; symptomatic patients (brain stem compression 16, syringomyelia 10, including 7 with holocord). All the symptomatic patients were treated with the same surgical approach: bony decompression of posterior fossa with removal of the posterior arch of C-1 and the outer layer of the dura without dural opening. In all 16 (100%) of the 16 patients with brain stem compression the symptoms resolved or improved; in patients with syringomyelia the symptoms were resolved or improved in 94.4% of cases. Two children required further surgery after 13 and 24 months, respectively.This series seems to demonstrate that even a simple extradural surgical approach, with a lower rate of postoperative complications and short stay in hospital, is sufficient to arrest the disease and to improve the symptomatology in a high percentage of cases (97.2%), which is comparable to that achieved with other, more aggressive, procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003810000338
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The skull base in plagiocephaly (1994)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 10 (1994), S. 217-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Craniosynostosis ; Plagiocephaly ; Skull base ; Computed tomography ; Three-dimensional ; Anthropometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Between 1975 and 1992, 426 children with craniofacial malformations were treated in the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery at the Hôpital des Enfants de la Timone in Marseille. Plagiocephaly was present in 71 (16.6%). The authors present a reproducible analysis of the skull base in plagiocephaly based on these 71 patients. A control group of Mediterranean children (n = 20) was used for comparison. Clinical anthropometric patterns were analyzed in all cases. Comparison with the control group showed a difference only in the nasion-lambda distance. Data obtained from clinical anthropometry were compared for the involved and the uninvolved sides. A threedimensional reconstruction was possible in 20 cases. The statistical correlation between the basal angles (nasion-pterional, nasion-petrosal, nasion-clino-basion, and zygomatic angles) of the involved and uninvolved sides allows a new nosographic identification of this complex malformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301157
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