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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reiterated genes with varying location in intercalary heterochromatin regions of Drosophila melanogaster polytene chromosomes (1978)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 70 (1978), S. 1-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The localization of two cloned D. melanogaster DNA fragments in polytene chromosomes was determined by means of in situ hybridization. These different fragments (Dm 225 and Dm 234B) are present in the genome in hundreds copies and contain genes whose transcription yields two different classes in abundant mRNA (Ilyin et al., 1976, 1977; Tchurikov et al., 1978). About 20–30 sites of these genes are demonstrable in the polytene chromosomes of a given stock. There are small but significant variations in the number and localization of these sites among individuals of the same stock. On the other hand, different stocks of D. melanogaster have an utterly different distribution of revealed hybridization sites in the polytene chromosomes. The location of both fragments (Dm 225 and Dm 234) was found to be virtually identical within any given stock of D. melanogaster. 69 sites for localization of Dm 225 or Dm 234 genes were detected in the chromosomes of 11 individuals studied. At least 50 (and up to 62) of them coincide with intercalary heterochromatin regions which are known to be characterized by ectopic pairing, late replication and the presence of “weak spots” in the chromosome. The ability of Dm 225 and Dm 234 to code for the “abundant” classes of messenger RNA (Ilyin et al., 1976) and the fact that their location may coincide with the histone and ribosomal genes suggest that intercalary heterochromatin regions are “nests” containing various types of actively transcribable tandem-repeated genes coding for common “household” cell functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292211
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of Messenger and Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acids in the Nucleolochromosomal Apparatus of Animal Cells (1963)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 200 (1963), S. 1291-1294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] DURING recent years we have been investigating the problem of biosynthesis of RNA in the nucleus of mammalian cells. The main method used was phenol fractionation of cellular RNA which permits the separation of the rapidly labelled RNA of the cell and isolation of its fractions. This article ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2001291a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Particles Containing Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (1966)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 210 (1966), S. 1319-1322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT has been shown that the chromosomes of animal cells contain significant quantities of D-RNA-RNA with DNA-like base composition1'2. Chromosomal D-RNA is actively hybridized with homologous DNA, and stimulates the incorporation of amino-acids in a cell-free system4 and the biosynthesis of specific ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2101319a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histones and the Control of Gene Action (1969)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Genetics 3 (1969), S. 155-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4197
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ge.03.120169.001103
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of Inhibitory Action of Histones on DNA Template Activity in vitro (1970)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 228 (1970), S. 245-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] If RNA is synthesized on the chromatin deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP) template, the chains formed are four to five times shorter than in RNA synthesized on a DNA template. This correlates with the decrease of the period of elongation. After the removal of histone F1 from DNP the RNA chains ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/228245a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Very long stretches of free DNA in chromatin (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 250 (1974), S. 602-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Long stretches of completely free DNA in DNP?F1. Mice carrying Ehrlich ascites tumour cells were injected intraperitoneally with a mixture of methyl-3H-thymidine and L-14C-lysine to obtain a double-labelled chromatin10?12. Less than 0.1 % of the total 14C counts were in DNA and 0.1?0.2 % of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/250602a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hybridization of mRNA and pre-mRNA with the sequences forming double-stranded structures in pre-mRNA (1973)
    Springer
    Molecular biology reports 1 (1973), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4978
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract About 25% of the double-stranded sequences isolated from pre-mRNA are able to hybridize, after melting, with either mRNA or non-melted pre-mRNA. The retention of one branch of pre-mRNA hairpin in mRNA was suggested. It was also found that in addition to the hairpin-like structures comprising about 3% of the total sequences another 15% of the pre-mRNA sequences can form double-stranded structures upon annealing over a broad interval of Cot values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357644
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long molecules of free DNA in the sheared chromatin preparation (1973)
    Springer
    Molecular biology reports 1 (1973), S. 201-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4978
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Hydrodynamic shearing of chromatin in the presence of Mg2+ ions produces two discrete types of particles: (1) molecules of completely free DNA which comprise 20–23% of the total DNA and (2) histone-covered DNA molecules which contain all five histone fractions. The average length of free DNA molecules depends on the intensity of shearing and can be as high as 1000 base pairs or more. Shearing of chromatin in the absence of Mg2+ produces a heterogeneous population of DNP particles; no free DNA is liberated. However, the addition of Mg2+ to this preparation results in appearance of free DNA molecules and in a complete restoration of the above ‘bimodal’ distribution. These findings support a previously proposed ‘asymmetric hairpin’ model of DNA packing in the chromatin [1–3].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357642
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on chromatin (1975)
    Springer
    Molecular biology reports 2 (1975), S. 255-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4978
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new model for the fine structure of the chromatin subunit (or ‘nucleosome’) is proposed. The model is based on previous experimental findings [1–14] and on two new suggestions, namely: (1) Eight histones form a toroidal-shaped core of the nucleosome and are arranged in the following circular sequense: $$$$ . (2) DNA is ‘kinked’ around a toroidal-shaped histone core in a ‘solenoid-like’ mode, each kink occurring every 10 base pairs along DNA. The electron microscopic evidence for a toroidal shape of the nucleosome is described in the preceding paper [13]. The possibility of the existence of kinks in the DNA double helix was considered recently by Crick and Klug [14]. The proposed model of the nucleosome, being more detailed than earlier models permits us to explain in direct structural terms the yet unordered set of data bearing on the pattern of histone-histone interactions in chromatin, the results of a mild deoxyribonuclease digestion of DNA within the nucleosomal particle and also the quantitative data on the unwinding of the DNA duplex upon formation of the nucleosome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356996
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct demonstration of a complementarity between mRNA and double-stranded sequences of pre-mRNA (1976)
    Springer
    Molecular biology reports 2 (1976), S. 353-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4978
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The total poly(A)-containing mRNA from mouse liver or Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells was annealed with denatured ds RNA prepared from heavy nuclear 3H-labeled pre-mRNA of the same tissue. The hybrids formed were detected by binding of complexes to poly(U)-Sepharose columns through the poly(A) of mRNA. With this technique, about 30% of labeled ds RNA was bound to poly(U)-Sepharose after annealing it with an mRNA excess. The proportion of hybrid material detected by RNase treatment was two to three times lower than that obtained by poly(U)-Sepharose binding. The length of the RNase-stable acid precipitable hybrid material consisted of heterogeneous sequences of 10–100 nucleotides long when cytoplasmic, and 10–60 nucleotides long when polysomal mRNA was used in the hybridization reaction. The results obtained show that at least some of the mRNA molecules contain sequences complementary to one of the branches of the pre-mRNA hairpins. These results are compatible with the idea that the hairpin-like sequences in pre-mRNA are localized between mRNA and the non-informative part of the precursor molecule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00366256
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