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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies of the chemical modifications of wool and their effects on the wool-water relationship. Part I. Chemical modification of wool (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 10 (1966), S. 1217-1228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Wool has been modified to render it more hydrophobic by two methods. The first method involved treating the wool with benzoyl, lauroyl, stearoyl, and dodecenyl chlorides and with trifluoroacetic anhydride. Substantial degrees of reaction with the wool were achieved when the correct solvent media and reaction conditions were used. These varied with the particular reagent employed. Pyridine was particularly effective with the acid chlorides, whereas dimethyl sulfoxide was best with trifluoroacetic anhydride. Pyridine is believed to function both as a swelling agent and as an acid acceptor in these treatments. The second method of treatment was the grafting of vinyl and allyl monomers to wool by the use of high energy radiation. Both 60Co γ-rays at 0.3 Mrad/hr. and Van de Graaff γ-radiation at 3 Mrad/min. were found to be highly effective. The presence of a swelling agent in the monomer solution was found to be essential even in the case of acrylonitrile in dimethyl formamide. Water and methanol in small amounts were found to be highly efficient swelling agents. Substantial quantities of monomer could be grafted in most cases without difficulty when the correct conditions were used.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1966.070100901
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Radiation-induced emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and styrene (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 1175-1189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Studies have been made of the γ-induced emulsion polymerization of styrene and comparisons made with chemically initiated emulsion polymerization. The polymerization proceeded smoothly to high conversions at 0 and 60°C, the reaction showing a high G (monomer) value. Complete conversions were obtained with total doses of less than 0.05 Mrad. In accordance with the behavior expected of systems having a constant rate of initiation, the molecular weight was found to decrease with decreasing temperature. The molecular weight and particle size distributions were narrower than those obtained in chemically initiated emulsion polymerizations at the same temperature. The radiation-induced emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate proceeded smoothly at temperatures in the range 0-50°C to give polymers of much higher molecular weight than these obtained from chemically initiated polymerizations at the same temperature. Complete conversion was attained after a dose of 0.02 Mrad for latices approaching 50% solids. The elimination of ionic endgroups in the poly(vinyl acetate) radicals tends to drive the polymerization from the aqueous phase, resulting in faster rates and higher molecular weights than are obtained from chemically initiated systems. Rates of polymerization were found to be independent of temperature and the molecular weight of the polymer to be independent of dose rate. Latices of poly(vinyl acetate) of high solids content were evaluated for latex and film properties and found to have improvements over commercially available samples in both areas, especially in clarity of film and scrub resistance. A number of acrylate and maleate esters were copolymerized with vinyl acetate in a radiation-initiated emulsion system. High molecular weight copolymers were produced after low dose.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070130607
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some anion reactions in dimethyl sulfoxide medium (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 109 (1967), S. 62-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Die Polymerisation von Styrol wurde mit Butyllithium als Initiator in Dimethylsulfoxid als Lösungsmittel durchgeführt. Die Reaktionsprodukte wurden nach Verdampfen des Lösungsmittels als öle erhalten. Das Hauptprodukt enthält eine Sulfinylgruppe und drei Styrolgruppen. Es werden die Farbe und die beobachteten Veränderungen des Spektrums erörtert; ein vorläufiger Mechanismus für die zu dem Hauptprodukt führenderu Reaktion wird vorgeschlagen.
    Notizen: Styrene polymerizations initiated by butyl lithium have been performed in dimethylsulfoxide medium. The reaction products were recovered by evaporation as oils. The major product contained one sulfinyl group and three styrene units. The color and spectral changes observed are discussed and a tentative mechanism leading to the major product is proposed
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1967.021090106
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Membranes with anisotropic flow properties (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 6 (1968), S. 185-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.110060306
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis and characterization of branched polystyrene. Part II. Fractionation (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 4 (1966), S. 1401-1412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Fractionations have been carried out by a column-elution method on mixtures of linear and branched polystyrene. These had been prepared by anionic polymerization followed by a coupling reaction to form star-shaped branched polymers. Therefore, the components of the mixture were each of narrow distribution, and their molecular weights differed from each other as multiples of the original single chain length. For single chains in the 25,000-30,000 molecular weight range, separations were accomplished in which the multiples (number of branches) were 1, 2, 4, and 6. By this means, virtually monodisperse samples of the branched polymers could be isolated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1966.150040607
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reactions of living polystyrene with difunctional nitriles to produce specifically placed grafting sites (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 859-868 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Graft polymers have been synthesized with two equal length branches and one or two branches of a different length or composition. The first step was a coupling reaction of living polystyrene with a difunctional nitrile. The product was hydrolyzed to form a ketone-containing backbone. Subsequently another sample of living polystyrene or of poly-2-vinylpyridine was added to the backbone to form the graft. Anionic polymerization was used for the synthesis of backbone and side chains, so all of the products are well defined. The products and reaction sequences also serve as models for a general synthesis of well-defined comb-shaped polymers, in which the length of the backbone, and the number, length, and spacing of the side chains may be controlled.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150060414
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of additives on the radiation-induced polymerization of butadiene in emulsion (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 6 (1968), S. 281-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.110060403
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Radiation grafting of vinyl monomers to wool. Part I (1965)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: General Papers 3 (1965), S. 3763-3779 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2951
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: A number of vinyl monomers have been grafted to wool by using the mutual radiation technique. Styrene has been studied in considerable detail in dioxane solution; water or methanol was found to be necessary for successful grafting. It is believed that these function as swelling agents, enabling the monomer to diffuse to the active centers created in the wool by the radiation. The rate of grafting always went through a maximum and then leveled off to a slower rate. This is believed to be due to the slow build-up of the radical population, leading eventually to a diffusion-controlled rate of grafting. Considerable post-polymerization grafting was found to take place. Acrylonitrile and a number of allyl monomers were also successfully grafted to wool by the mutual radiation method in dimethylformamide solution. Again water or methanol was found to be necessary; the grafting rate leveled off close to zero at a degree of grafting depending on the amount of swelling agent present.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1965.100031108
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis and characterization of branched polystyrene. Part I. Synthesis of four- and six-branch star polystyrene (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 4 (1966), S. 1391-1399 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The synthesis of very well defined four- and six-branched polystyrene has been carried out. Anionic polymerization initiated by butyllithium in benzene-tetrahydrofuran medium gave single chains of narrow distribution. Coupling this living polystyryllithium with bis(trichlorosilyl)ethane gave a maximum of four branches. Coupling with the cyclic trimer of phosphonitrilic chloride gave a maximum of six branches. The reaction procedures have been discussed and mechanisms suggested for some of the reactions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1966.150040606
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