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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute otitis media in children: A study of nasopharyngeal carriage of potential pathogens and therapeutic efficacy of cefixime and amoxicillin-clavulanate (1995)
    Springer
    Infection 23 (1995), S. S79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir führten eine große, offene, randomisierte Multizenterstudie in ganz Frankreich durch, in der die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit der Cefixim-Suspension (8 mg/kg/Tag, zweimal täglich 10 Tage) mit derjenigen der Amoxicillin-Clavulansäure-Suspension (80 mg/kg/Tag dreimal täglich 10 Tage) bei 510 Kindern (Alter 6–36 Monate) mit akuter Otitis media verglichen wurde. Am häufigsten war der Nasopharynx zu Therapiebeginn durchStreptococcus pneumoniae (51,5%),Haemophilus influenzae (45%) undMoraxella catarrhalis (30,2%) besiedelt. 32,1% derH. influenzae und 95,3% derM. catarrhalis-Isolate waren β-Lactamasebildner. Bei 39,7% der Isolate vonS. pneumoniae fand sich einge-schränkte Penicillinempfindlichkeit. In der mit Cefixim behandelten Gruppe lag die klinische Erfolgsrate bei 87,8% (223/254), in der mit Amoxicillin-Clavulansäure behandelten Gruppe bei 87,0% (215/247). Die Verlaufskontrolle nach 5 Wochen deckte bei 15,7% (31/197) der mit Cefixim und bei 15,6% (32/205) der mit Amoxicillin-Clavulansäure behandelten Patienten Rezidive auf. Wir schließen, daß die beiden Behandlungsschemata in der Therapie der akuten Otitis media bei Kindern gleich wirksam sind.
    Notes: Summary We conducted a large, multicenter, randomized, open-label study throughout France comparing the efficacy and safety of cefixime suspension (8 mg/kg/day, b. i. d., for 10 days) versus amoxicillin-clavulanate suspension (80 mg/kg/day, t. i. d., for 10 days) in 510 children (ages 6 to 36 months) with acute otitis media. The most frequent microorganisms colonizing the nasopharynx at the start of treatment wereStreptococcus pneumoniae (51.5%),Haemophilus inflenzae (45%) andMoraxella catarrhalis (30.2%). Rates of β-lactamase positivity were 32.1% and 95.3% forH. influenzae andM. catarrhalis, respectively. Decreased susceptibility ofS. pneumoniae to penicillin was found in 39.7% of isolates. Clinical efficacy was 87.8% (223/254) for cefixime and 87.0% (215/247) for amoxicillin-clavulanate. At the 5-week follow-up visit, relapse had occurred in 15.7% (31/197) of cefixime-treated patients and in 15.6% (32/205) of those treated with amoxicillin-clavulanate. We conclude that these two regimens are equally effective in acute otitis media in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01742989
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radionuclide angiography and magnetic resonance imaging: complementary non-invasive methods in the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 22 (1995), S. 1292-1298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Diastolic function ; Constrictive pericarditis ; Radionuclide angiography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Constrictive pericarditis presents with a suggestive clinical picture, and its diagnosis is based on a haemodynamic pattern revealing impaired ventricular filling. In this study of 15 patients with pure isolated constrictive pericarditis, we attempted to evaluate the diagnostic value of two non-invasive methods not usually employed in this indication: radionuclide angiography (RNA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Whilst RNA permits analysis of the functional pattern of the global and segmental left ventricular filling impairment, MRI allows measurement of the thickness of the pericardium. RNA revealed increased early diastolic filling as evidenced by a shorter one-third filling time (TFl/3;P〈0.0001 with respect to a normal population), a higher peak filling rate (PFR;P〈0.01) and its early occurrence (P〈0.001), increased one-third and mid diastolic filling fractions (P〈0.01), and the ratio of the PFR over the peak ejection rate (P〈0.01). During late diastole, the atrial filling fraction decreased (NS). The patients with constrictive pericarditis also showed a decrease in the physiological filling asynchrony, as assessed by segmental evaluations. Seven patients underwent MRI. The pericardium was thickened in all the patients, varying from 6 to 14 mm (normal: 2.5±0.7 mm), without any systolo-diastolic variation. Pericardial thickening appeared as a dark low-intensity signal band, demonstrating the fibrocalcific nature of the pericardial contents. Sagittal and coronal cross-sections were particularly well-suited to show the non-uniformity of the pericardial thickening. These results indicate that RNA and MRI are complementary non-invasive methods, and can provide the functional and anatomical information required for the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00801616
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative activity of teicoplanin and vancomycin against 400 penicillin susceptible and resistantStreptococcus pneumoniae (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 13 (1994), S. 33-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The MICs of teicoplanin and vancomycin were determined for 400 penicillin-susceptible and -resistant strains ofStreptococcus pneumoniae isolated during a multicenter study in 1992. Teicoplanin displayed a four-fold better activity than vancomycin, with modal MICs of these agents being 0.06 and 0.25 µg/ml, respectively. These data warrant further studies with teicoplanin in the treatment of pneumococcal infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02026121
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lactobacillus Species as Opportunistic Pathogens in Immunocompromised Patients (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 887-888 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100960050216
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carriage of Antibiotic-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Greek Infants and Toddlers (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 19 (2000), S. 288-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The prevalence, resistance patterns and serotypes of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains recovered from Greek carriers under 24 months of age were studied. From February 1997 to April 1998, nasopharyngeal cultures were performed in 1269 children (ages 2–23 months, median 11 months) living in various areas of central and southern Greece. Resistance (including both intermediate and resistant isolates) to one or more antimicrobial agents was found in 132 of the 421 (31%) Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, as follows: penicillin, 9% intermediate, 7.6% resistant; cefotaxime, 5.2% intermediate, 0.5% resistant; erythromycin, 0.7% intermediate, 18.1% resistant; clindamycin, 0.2% intermediate, 12.4% resistant; tetracycline, 0.7% intermediate, 16.4% resistant; chloramphenicol, 12.4% resistant; and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 3.8% intermediate, 14.3% resistant. The MICs of penicillin for 66% of the penicillin-nonsusceptible pneumococci were 1–4 μg/ml. Multidrug resistance was found in 64% of penicillin-nonsusceptible and 37% of penicillin-susceptible strains. Sixty-two percent of the penicillin-susceptible, multidrug-resistant strains belonged to serotype 6B and were resistant to all five non-β-lactam agents tested. This notable serotype 6B resistance pattern was described for the first time in a previous study performed from December 1995 to February 1996 in the city of Patras, southwestern Greece. Seventy-two percent of antibiotic-resistant isolates belonged to serotypes 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F. These results document the spread of resistant pneumococcal strains in central and southern Greece, many of which are multidrug resistant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100960050477
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