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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: PAH ; PAH-metabolism ; N-acetylation ; renal artery stenosis ; essential hypertension ; PAH ; PAH-Metabolismus ; N-Acetylierung ; Nierenarterien-Stenose ; essentielle Hypertonie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Routinemäßige PAH-Clearance-Untersuchungen wurden durchgeführt bei Patienten mit a) Glomerulonephritis, b) sekundärer Beeinträchtigung der Nierenfunktion, c) essentieller Hypertonie und d) bei Patienten mit einseitiger Nierenarterien-Stenose. Die renale Ausscheidung von N-Acetyl-PAH war signifikant erniedrigt bei Patienten mit Nierenarterien-Stenose oder mit essentieller Hypertonie, während die anderen Gruppen keine Störung des PAH-Metabolismus aufwiesen. Die Bedeutung dieser Befunde wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Routine PAH-clearance studies were carried out on patients with (a) glomerulonephritis, (b) secondary impairment of renal function, (c) essential hypertension, and (d) patients with unilateral renal artery stenosis. Renal excretion of N-acetyl-PAH was significantly lower in patients with unilateral artery stenosis or with essential hypertension, while the other groups showed no impairment of the PAH-metabolism. The implications of these findings are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 57 (1979), S. 793-795 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Renovascular hypertension ; Goldblatt rats ; β-Receptor blockade ; Pindolol ; Propranolol ; Renovaskuläre Hypertonie ; Goldblatt-Ratten ; β-Rezeptorenblocker ; Pindolol ; Propranolol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ratten mit experimenteller renovaskulärer Hypertonie wurden mit hohen Dosen von β-Rezeptorenblockern behandelt. Es wurden Pindolol in Dosen von 10 mg/kg oder Propranolol in Dosen von 100 mg/kg Körpergewicht verabfolgt. Pindolol führte zu einer deutlichen Steigerung der Goldblatt-Hypertonie, während Propranolol einen blutdrucksenkenden Effekt hatte. Bei Verabfolgung von Pindolol fand sich, gleichartig wie bei unbehandelten Goldblatt-Ratten, eine lineare Korrelation zwischen dem Gewicht des linken Herzventrikels und dem systolischen Blutdruck. Dagegen waren bei den mit Propranolol behandelten Tieren die Gewichte der linken Herzventrikel deutlich höher als bei den anderen Kollektiven. Die Befunde werden dahingehend interpretiert, daß Pindolol, möglicherweise aufgrund seiner ausgeprägten sympathomimetischen Eigenwirkung, zu einer Steigerung der Goldblatt-Hypertonie führt, die druckabhängige Entwicklung der Linksherzhypertrophie aber nicht beeinflußt. Propranolol dagegen führt, möglicherweise aufgrund einer cardiodepressorischen Wirksamkeit, zu einer Bludrucksenkung.
    Notes: Summary Rats with experimental renovascular hypertension were treated with high doses of β-blocking agents. Pindolol 10 mg/kg per day increased Goldblatt-type hypertension, whereas Propranolol 100 mg/kg per day showed an antihypertensive effect. A linear correlation between the weight of the left-heart ventricle and the systolic blood pressure was found in animals treated with Pindolol as well as in untreated Goldblatt rats. On the contrary, the weights of the left-heart ventricle were significantly higher in those animals treated with Propranolol than in the other groups. The results show that Pindolol in high doses, possibly on account of its sympathomimetic activity, leads to an increase in Goldblatt hypertension, but does not influence the pressure-dependent progression of leftheart hypertrophy. On the other hand, Propranolol, possibly on account of a cardiodepressory effect, leads to a decrease in blood pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 55 (1977), S. 347-348 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Oral contraceptives ; Hypertension ; Nephrosclerosis ; Renin-angiotensin system ; Goldblatt-type hypertension ; Ovulationshemmer ; Hypertonie ; Nephrosklerose ; Renin-Angiotensin-System ; Goldblatt-Hypertonie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei Ratten mit Goldblatt-Hypertonie ließ sich durch gemeinsame Verabfolgung eines Östrogens und eines Progestagens eine signifikante Steigerung des Hypertonus erzielen, während weder Östrogen allein noch Progestagen allein zu einer Änderung des Blutdrucks führten. Das Östrogen in der Hormonkombination ließ sich in seiner hypertensiven Wirkung ersetzen durch Epsilon-Aminocapronsäure, das Progestagen durch Desoxycorticosteronacetat. Lediglich die Östrogene führten zu einer Steigerung der Plasma-Renin-Aktivität. Der in den verschiedenen Tierkollektiven beobachtete Blutdruckanstieg konnte nicht mit einer Erhöhung der Plasma-Renin-Aktivität durch die verschiedenen verabfolgten Pharmaca korreliert werden. Somit wird die Pathogenese der Ovulationshemmer-Hypertonie nicht in einer durch die Hormone bewirkten Stimulation des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems gesehen, sondern sie wird in einer Kombination einer durch die gerinnungsfördernde Eigenschaft der Östrogene ausgelösten Gefäßschädigung und einer durch die synthetischen Progestagene hervorgerufenen Natriumretention vermutet.
    Notes: Summary Simultaneous administration of estrogen and progestogen accelerates Goldblatt-type hypertension in rats. Neither estrogen nor progestogen alone alters arterial blood pressure. In the hormonal combination the hypertensive effect of estrogen can be replaced by epsilon-amino-capronic acid and the hypertensive effect of progestogen by desoxycorticosterone acetate. Estrogen is the only substance increasing plasma renin activity. There exists no correlation between the increase of the blood pressure and the plasma renin activity in the various groups of experimental animals receiving the different hypertensive preparations. Because of this, oral contraceptive hypertension may be supposed not to result from a stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system but may easily be seen in a combination of endothelial lesions and sodium retention, the former being caused by the estrogen's effect on blood coagulation, the latter produced by the synthetic progestogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 55 (1977), S. 349-350 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: β-blockers ; Hypertension ; Pindolol ; Goldblatt-type hypertension ; β-Receptoren-Blocker ; Hypertonie ; Pindolol ; Goldblatt-Hypertonie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine erhöhte Plasma-Renin-Aktivität gilt als günstige Voraussetzung für eine gute hypotensive Wirksamkeit von β-Receptoren-Blockern. Pindolol, eine nicht-cardioselektive β-antagonistische Substanz konnte jedoch trotz hoher Plasma-Renin-Aktivität den Blutdruck bei Ratten mit Goldblatt-2-Hypertonie nicht senken. Bei exzessiven Dosen kam es sogar, wahrscheinlich infolge einer der Substanz innewohnenden agonistischen Wirksamkeit, zu einer Blutdrucksteigerung. Die Befunde passen zu dem Konzept, daß hohe Plasma-Renin-Aktivität nur dann einen therapeutischen Erfolg mit β-Blockern verspricht, wenn sie durch gesteigerte Sympathicus-Aktivität ausgelöst wird. Die Plasma-Renin-Aktivität wurde durch Pindolol nicht gesenkt. Eine lineare Korrelation zwischen der Höhe des Blutdrucks und dem Ausmaß der Herzhypertrophie blieb auch bei hohen Dosen von Pindolol gewahrt.
    Notes: Summary Preexisting increase of plasma renin activity in hypertension seems to indicate an effective hypotensive action of adrenergic β-receptor antagonists. In spite of marked elevation of plasma renin activity in Goldblatt-rats, the β-blocker Pindolol failed to lower the blood pressure. On the contrary, high doses of this substance led to an acceleration of the Goldblatt-type hypertension, perhaps because of the intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of Pindolol. These findings support the conception that β-blockers are effective in lowering the blood pressure only in hypertension with stimulated renin secretion, which is caused by an increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Plasma renin activity was not altered by Pindolol. There existed a linear relationship between blood pressure and left-ventricular weight in all groups of rats, which was not impaired by Pindolol in all used doses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 232 (1981), S. 79-79 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Kidney ; Goldblatt-Hypertension ; PAH-clearance ; PAH-Metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary PAH-clearance studies were carried out separately on each kidney of both normal rats and rats with experimental Goldblatt-Hypertension. The rat and especially the rat kidney metabolizes a certain proportion of PAH-molecules 1. by splitting off the glycine-group forming p-aminobenzoate (PAB); 2. both PAH and PAB undergo partial N-acetylation. N-acetylated metabolites cannot be detected by the conventional analysis of PAH. Resorption of benzoates in the kidney results in a relatively high benzoate concentration in the renal vein. The complications created by these facts are discussed in relation to RPF-estimation using PAH. A correct determination of RPF by PAH is possible only if the analysis is carried out after an acid hydrolysis to make the detection of N-acetylated metabolites possible and if renal venous blood samples can be collected to correct for the reabsorbed benzoates. The clamped kidney of rats with Goldblatt-Hypertension is able to split glycine off from PAH but its capacity to N-acetylate is reduced. As a result identical PAH-clearances are found in both kidneys of these animals although their true RPF differ significantly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 339 (1973), S. 339-348 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Dietary Sodium ; Renal Enzyme Pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The relationship between dietary sodium and the activity of representative renal enzymes of the three main metabolic pathways-oxydative breakdown, glycolysis and pentose-monophosphate-shunt-was studied in the rat kidney. Enzyme assays were carried out on total tissue homogenates and isolated mitochondria of the cortex and medulla as well as on isolated glomerula of rats maintained on low or high sodium diet for 14–17 days. While there was no difference in the weight-gain between rats maintained on low sodium food or normal laboratory chow, rats fed high sodium diet put on more weight and had larger kidneys than the other groups. The protein content of the total tissue homogenate followed the same pattern whereas equal amounts of mitochondrial or glomerular protein was found in all three groups. In all preparations both low, and to a greater extent, high dietary sodium increased the specific activity of the majority of enzymes assayed. No fall in the activity of any enzyme could be observed. A number of causal mechanisms are discussed. It is assumed that hyperaldosteronism in the low-sodium group and elevated vasopressin level in rats fed high-sodium diet are responsible for the identical results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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