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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 907-911 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Renal papillae ; Morphology ; Pathogenesis of pyelonephritis ; Reflux ; Renal pelvic endoscopy ; Intramedullary changes ; Nierenpapillen ; Morphologie ; Pyelonephritis ; Pathogenese ; Refluxnephropathie ; Intramedulläre Obstruktion ; Nierenbeckenendoskopie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Nierenpapillen spielen in der Pathogenese der Pyelonephritis und der Refluxnephropathie eine wichtige Rolle. Physiologische Formvarianten, pathologische Formveränderungen und intramedulläre Prozesse begünstigen das Übergreifen von Harnwegsinfekten auf das Nierenparenchym. Zusammengesetzte konkave Papillen, die den Reflux ermöglichen, sind in Erwachsenennieren häufiger als bei Kleinkindern. Sektorförmige Entzündungszellinfiltrate bei eitriger Pyelonephritis und kortiko-medulläre Narben bei chronischer Pyelonephritis finden sich fast ausschließlich über konkaven oder pathologisch veränderten Papillen. Die intramedulläre Harnabflußbehinderung bei Analgetika-Nephropathien, Gicht, Plasmozytom oder Markschwammnieren fördert das Angehen bakterieller Infekte.
    Notes: Summary The role of the renal papillae in the pathogenesis of pyelonephritis and reflux nephroapthy was studied by endoscopy and histology in adult autopsy kidneys. Compound papillae with a concave area cribrosa of the “reflux type” were found in greater frequency in adults than in children. Acute purulent inflammation in the renal parenchyma or coarse pyelonephritic scars were seen almost always overlying “refluxing” papillae or overlying papillae altered by papillary necrosis, obstructive atrophy and other changes of papillary shape. Intrapapillary tubular obstruction in early analgesic nephropathy, gout, myeloma and medullary cystic disease is an other factor favouring bacterial infection to occur. Without an underlying renal papillary damage renal injury attributable to urinary infection seems to be rare.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Glomerulonephritis ; Familial ; Pathology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Proteinuria and microhaematuria were observed in three siblings and one first-degree cousin. Histological examination of three kidney biopsies and one autopsy specimen shows the same diffuse glomerular lesions in all patients, characterized by mainly subendothelial but frequently transmembranous and mesangial deposits of a unique fibrillar structure, visible by electron microscopy. Examination by immunfluorescence gave inconstant findings. No serological abnormalities could be established. To our knowledge, such a pecular form of familial glomerulopathy has not been described so far.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid ; Haemangioendothelioma ; Immunohistology ; Coexpression of epithelial and vascular antigens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixteen cases of anaplastic carcinoma (ACA) and 4 cases of malignant haemangioendothelioma (HAE) of the thyroid were studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Seven cases of ACA and 3 cases of HAE were characterized by coexpression of immunohistological features of epithelial and vascular endothelial cells. Expression of vimentin was common to all tumours investigated. The present study provides evidence that ACA and HAE are partially closely related tumours showing alternating differentiation. This speaks in favour of a common neoplastic cell with the potential for epithelial and vascular endothelial differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les métastases hépatiques des cancers colo-rectaux trouvent leur origine dans les cellules malignes qui pénètrent dans la circulation portale. Quatre cent soixante malades provenant de 7 institutions ont constitué la base d'un essai prospectif randomisé destiné à évaluer la valeur d'une perfusion portale à l'aide d'un agent chimique dont le but est de prévenir les métastases après chirurgie curative du cancer colo-rectal. En préopératoire, les malades ont été choisis au hasard pour constituer 2 groupes: (a) malades traités par la chirurgie (groupe de contrôle), (b) opérés recevant une perfusion portale de 5-FU (500 mg/m2/jour × 7) infusée continuement les 7 premiers jours post-opératoires et de mitomycine C (10 mg/m2/24 heures après l'intervention) pendant 2 heures. Le cathéter veineux portal fut placé dans une collatérale quelconque du système veineux mésentérique au cours de l'opération. Il n'y eut aucune complication dûe au cathéter intra-abdominal. Malgré une dose importante de 5-FU administrée dans la période post-opératoire immédiate, les effets secondaires systémiques furent minimes. La mortalité globale au cours de l'hospitalisation fut de 1.85% et sans relation avec la chimiothérapie. Ce taux est remarquablement inférieur à ceux rapportés par de multiples centres ou dans la littérature. Il est l'expression d'un progrès dans la technique chirurgicale et les soins pré- et postopératoires. 378 malades (groupe de contrôle: 187, perfusés: 191) ont permis une évaluation exacte de la récidive et de la survie. Après un suivi moyen de 24 mois, il a été observé 43 récidives dans le groupe de contrôle et 34 dans le groupe traité (p〈0.05). Des métastases hépatiques furent découvertes 18 fois dans le premier groupe et 14 fois dans le second. Les malades moururent de récidive 25 fois dans le groupe de contrôle et 18 fois dans le groupe traité par perfusion. En raison du faible nombre des récidives dans cette étude il est trop tôt pour tirer des conclusions sur la durée de la survie. Plusieurs essais contrôlés de traitement par perfusion portale sont en cours. Ils montrent également que la méthode peut être pratiquée et ils suggèrent que la perfusion hépatique par un agent cytotoxique peut réduire le nombre des métastases sans augmenter significativement la morbidité et la mortalité. Il est trop tôt cependant pour recommander la pratique courante de cette méthode. Elle reste sous essai clinique contrôlé et doit s'appliquer seulement à partir de protocoles prospectifs bien définis.
    Abstract: Resumen Las metástasis hepáticas de origen colorrectal se originan en células malignas que ingresan a la circulación venosa portal. Cuatro cientos sesenta pacientes de 7 instituciones participantes han sido introducidos a un ensayo clínico prospectivo y aleatorizado para determinar el valor de la terapia adyuvante con perfusión venosa portal en la prevención de las metástasis hepáticas después de cirugía colorrectal curativa. Mediante aleatorización preoperatoria, los pacientes fueron asignados a un grupo manejado con cirugía solamente (grupo control) o al grupo de infusión portal del hígado con 5-fluoruracilo (500 mg/m2 diarios × 7 en infusión continua por los 7 primeros días postoperatorios) y mitomicina-C (10 mg/m2 por 24 horas postoperatorias como infusión de 2 horas). El catéter venoso portal fue colocado a través de cualquier rama del sistema venoso mesentérico en el curso de la laparotomía para el tumor primario. Con el uso del abordaje transabdominal no se han presentado complicaciones relacionadas con el catéter. A pesar de la elevada dosis acumulativa de 5-FU administrada en el periodo postoperatorio inmediato, los efectos sistémicos han sido mínimos. La tasa global de mortalidad hospitalaria en este estudio es de 1.85% y no aparece afectada por la terapia adjuvante. Esta tasa es considerablemente menor que la informada en ensayos multicéntricos y en la literatura quirúrgica y es indicativa de un avance en la técnica operatoria y en el manejo pre-/postoperatorio de los pacientes en este tipo de cirugía electiva. Tres cientos setenta y ocho pacientes (187 del grupo control, 191 del grupo de infusión) son susceptibles de valoración total en cuanto a recurrencia y supervivencia. Después de un seguimiento promedio de 24 meses, se han presentado 43 recurrencias en el grupo control y 34 en el grupo de infusión (p 〈0.05). Se presentaron metástasis hepáticas en 18 pacientes del grupo control y en 14 del grupo de infusión. Veinte y cinco pacientes en el grupo control y 18 en el grupo de infusión murieron como consecuencia de enfermedad recurrente. Debido al bajo número de recurrencias observado en el estudio, es todavía demasiado temprano para derivar conclusiones en cuanto a supervivencia. Varios ensayos clínicos controlados utilizando infusión portal adyuvante están siendo realizados; también han demostrado la factibilidad de este enfoque y sugieren que la infusión hepática con agentes citotóxicos puede reducir la incidencia de metástasis hepáticas sin que haya un aumento significativo en la morbilidad o mortalidad. Sin embargo, es todavía muy pronto para poder recomendar la terapia adyuvante con infusión portal por fuera del marco de los ensayos clínicos y tal forma de tratamiento debe permanecer restringida a protocolos prospectivos debidamente diseñados.
    Notes: Abstract Liver metastases of colorectal origin arise from malignant cells entering the portal venous circulation. Four hundred sixty patients from 7 participating institutions have been entered in a prospective randomized trial to assess the value of adjuvant portal venous infusion to prevent liver metastases following curative colorectal cancer surgery. By preoperative randomization, patients were assigned to surgery alone (control arm) or to portal liver infusion with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (500 mg/m2 daily × 7, continuous infusion during the first 7 postoperative days) and mitomycin C (10 mg/m2, 24 hours postoperatively as a 2-hour infusion). A portal venous catheter was placed through any side branch of the mesenteric venous system during laparotomy for the primary tumor. Using the transabdominal route, there have been no catheter-related complications. Despite a large cumulative dose of 5-FU given during the immediate postoperative period, the systemic side effects were minimal. Overall hospital mortality in this study was 1.85% and was not influenced by the adjuvant treatment. This rate is considerably lower than that reported by previous multicenter trials and by the surgical literature, and it indicates an advance in surgical technique and pre-/postoperative patient management in this type of elective surgery. Three hundred seventy-eight patients (187 controls, 191 infusion patients) are completely evaluable for recurrence and survival. After a median follow-up of 24 months, 43 recurrences have been observed in the control group and 34 in the infusion group (p〈0.05). Liver metastases were present in 18 control patients and in 14 infusion patients. Twenty-five patients in the control group and 18 patients in the infusion group died of recurrent disease. Due to the low number of recurrences in this study, it is too early to draw survival conclusions. Several controlled trials using adjuvant portal infusion are in progress. They also showed the feasibility of this approach and they suggested that adjuvant cytotoxic liver infusion may reduce the incidence of liver metastases without significantly increasing morbidity and mortality. It is too early, however, to recommend adjuvant portal infusion outside a clinical trial setting and such treatment should still be restricted to well-designed prospective protocols.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 96 (1966), S. 1-13 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A case of cholangiodysplastic pseudocirrhosis (congenital hepatic fibrosis) in a two year old boy is discussed. Clinical findings were a distended abdomen with hepatosplenomegaly and an arrested growth and development. Noteworthy is the appearance of clonic tonic convulsions which were probably hypoglycaemic. The boy died from pneumococcal peritonitis. The autopsy showed an enlarged liver with finely nodulated surface and coarse bands of connective tissue. The lobular structure was preserved. The broadened portal fields contained numerous branching bile ducts. There were strikingly few small branches of the portal vein. On the basis of our own findings and those of 50 previously described cases the clinical and anatomical characteristics of cholangiodysplastic pseudocirrhosis as well as its pathogenesis and therapy are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über einen Fall von cholangiodysplastischer Pseudocirrhose bei einem zweijährigen Knaben berichtet. Klinisch bestand ein großes Abdomen mit Hepatosplenomegalie und ein Wachstums- und Entwicklungsrückstand. Erwähnenswert ist das Auftreten klonisch-tonischer Krämpfe, die wahrscheinlich hypoglykämisch bedingt waren. Der Patient kam interkurrent an einer Pneumokokkenperitonitis ad exitum. Die Autopsie zeigte eine erheblich vergrößerte Leber mit feinhöckeriger Oberfläche und vergröberten Bindegewebssepten. Histologisch war die Läppchenstruktur erhalten. Die verbreiterten Portalfelder enthielten zahlreiche verzweigte Gallengänge. Kleine Pfortaderäste fanden sich auffällig selten. Auf Grund der eigenen Befunde und der etwa 50 bisher in der Literatur beschriebenen Fälle werden die klinischen und pathologisch-anatomischen Merkmale der cholangiodysplastischen Pseudocirrhose sowie ihre Pathogenese und Therapie diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cytodiagnosis ; Aspiration biopsy ; Carcinoma, prostate ; Estrogen therapy ; Radiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The study reports cytological findings in 63 cases of radio- and/or oestrogen-treated carcinoma of the prostate. The different effects of therapy on the tumor cells in the cytological smear are described and discussed. An evaluation of the results, depending on the type of therapy, showed, that radio-treated tumors, due to the rapid and strong sclerosis of connective tissue, were less suitable for aspiration biopsy than hormone-treated tumors. Further, we were able to show that the effect of therapy in well-differentiated tumors is better than in poorly differentiated tumors. Cytological examination of treated prostate carcinoma is a simple method, quickly carried out, repeatable several times, and of high diagnostic value. Aspiration biopsy is most of all indicated for follow-up of the less well-differentiated and the hormone-treated carcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 39 (1961), S. 1006-1013 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung von Methandrostenolon (in täglichen peroralen Dosen von 10 mg) auf die Leber wurde beim Erwachsenen untersucht. Biochemisch ließen sich bei einem Teil der Fälle nachweisen: erhöhte Konzentration von SGOT, SGPT und Cholesterin im Serum, vermehrte BSP-Retention, andeutungsweise vermindertes Albumin bei unverändertem Gesamteiweiß im Serum, normale Konzentrationen von Bilirubin und alkalischer Phosphatase im Serum. Leberbiopsien zeigen histologisch Schwellung der Parenchymzellen, körnige Entmischung ihres Protoplasmas mit verminderter Azidophilie der zentralen Anteile und Eosinophilie der Peripherie, herdförmige Einlagerungen eines eisenfreien Pigmentes, vor allem in Nähe der Gallecapillaren. Diese Befunde könnten teilweise durch anabole Umstellungen im intermediären Stoffwechsel, teilweise durch Hemmung von Ausscheidungsmechanismen der Leberzelle erklärt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Urological research 11 (1983), S. 245-249 
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Adult kidney ; Renal endoscopy ; Papillary morphology ; Reflux nephropathy ; Pyelonephritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Renal papillary morphology and distribution have been analysed endoscopically in 50 adult autopsy kidneys. Concave papillae of the refluxing type were found with greater frequency in the adult kidneys than had been reported by others in children. A further type of calyx lacking a true papilla, not previously described in children, was occasionally observed. It therefore seems doubtful that all pyelonephritic scars detected at autopsy in adult kidneys have arisen during infancy. Further studies will be required to elucidate the role of papillary morphology in the pathogenesis of adult pyelonephritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein vollautomatischer, wellenlängendispersiver Elektronenstrahl-Mikroanalysator und ein energiedispersiver Analysator wurden über einen zentralen Rechner bezüglich Hardware und Software gekoppelt, um quantitative Analysen partiell energiedispersiv und wellenlängendispersiv durchführen zu können. Die technische Realisierung wurde beschrieben. Außerdem wurde der Investitionsaufwand und der Einfluß auf Analysenzeit und Analysenqualität beschrieben.
    Notes: Summary A fully automatic wavelength-dispersive electron microprobe analyser and an energy-dispersive analyser were linked by a central computer (hardwareand software) in such a way that quantitative analysis was possible partially in the energy-dispersive and partially in the wavelength-dispersive mode. The original investment and technical achievement are discussed together with the time and quality of analysis which may be expected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 31 (1986), S. 85-88 
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Proper classification of colorectal cancer has been critical in determining prognosis. Dukes' staging and its modifications have created considerable confusion. The TNM system has never been widely accepted because of its complexity. The Australian clinico-pathological staging (ACPS) system corresponds closely to Dukes' A, B, C-classification, but it differs from Dukes' in separating a stage D for incurable metastatic disease. Evaluating the compatibility of these 3 different staging systems, a survival analysis is presented of a group of 800 non-selected patients, resected in curative or palliative intention and compiled from the cancer registry of St. Gall-Appenzell. The prognostic importance of accurate staging for colorectal cancer is confirmed. No matter which system is used, in order to give realistic statements it must be based on tumor penetration, lymph node involvement and distant metastasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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