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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 18 (1979), S. 2149-2154 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 17 (1978), S. 561-569 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Blood coagulation ; diabetes mellitus ; factor VIII:C ; thrombin activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A possible association between plasma coagulant activity and the presence of vascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus was studied by measuring the generation of thrombin in plasma of 20 control subjects and 50 diabetic patients classified according to the presence or absence of microvascular complications. Thrombin production was determined in defibrinated plasma using a semiautomated technique with measurement of thrombin activity using chromogenic peptide S2238. Values determined were the lag time to appearance of thrombin activity and time taken to generate 50% maximal thrombin activity. Thrombin activity was related to concentrations of coagulant factor VIII activity and fibrinopeptide A and these were correlated with HbA1C levels. The median time to generate 50% maximal thrombin activity was not significantly reduced in diabetic patients compared with control subjects (53 vs 54 s, p=0.076) and there were no significant differences between patients with and without microvascular complications. There were no differences in median fibrinopeptide A concentrations between the diabetic and control subjects (1.5 vs 2.2 nmol/l, p=0.169).Time to 50% maximal thrombin activity correlated inversely with factor VIII: C concentrations in diabetic patients (r=−0.344, p=0.015, n=50) and both this and lag time correlated with factor VIII: C in diabetic patients and control subjects combined (r =-0.395, p〈0.01; r = −0.327, p=0.006, n =70). Factor VIII: C concentrations increased with age of the subject and with HbA1C concentrations. The results failed to show enhancement of coagulation in contact-activated diabetic plasma compared with control plasma and suggest that a relationship between high levels of factor VIII:C in diabetes and the development of microvascular complications is unlikely to be mediated through procoagulant activity in plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ; fibrinolysis ; Pima Indians ; polymorphism ; genetic ; diabetes mellitus ; non-insulin-dependent.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 may contribute to vascular disease in diabetes mellitus. Pima Indians have a low incidence of cardiovascular disease despite having a high prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) which in this population is not associated with elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity. In Caucasians an insertion/deletion (4G/5G) polymorphism in the promoter region of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene that has been related to activity levels of its protein in plasma differentially binds repressor and enhancer elements. In 265 Pima Indians (133 diabetic, 132 non-diabetic, 129 male, 136 female, mean age 46.6, range 34–68 years) the promoter genotype frequencies were 23.0 % for 4G/4G, 49.8 % for 4G/5G and 27.2 % for 5G/5G compared to 35.4 %, 50.8 % and 13.8 % respectively (χ2 = 15.3, 2 df, p 〈 0.0005) previously reported in Caucasians with NIDDM. The mean plasma activity levels in the three genotypes in the Pima Indians were 18.2, 19.1 and 18.1 U/ml, respectively. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activities correlated with plasma insulin (r = 0.38, p 〈 0.0001), body mass index (r = 0.24, p 〈 0.0001), and with triglyceride level (r = 0.12, p = 0.054) but there was no relationship between promoter genotype and activity. A steeper regression slope between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity and triglycerides has been observed in Caucasians with the 4G/4G genotype as compared to Caucasians with the other genotypes. This was not found in the Pima population which may indicate a functional difference in this gene associated with reduced cardiovascular risk and may be involved in the lack of association of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels with NIDDM in Pima Indians. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 1512–1518]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Adhesion molecules ; NIDDM ; relatives ; insulin resistance ; vascular disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate the metabolic and genetic associations of levels of soluble adhesion molecules, plasma levels of soluble E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 were measured in 60 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, 60 first-degree relatives of NIDDM patients and 60 control subjects, none of whom displayed clinical features of vascular disease. In addition, E-selectin A561C genotype, coding for a serine to arginine change, was determined. E-selectin levels were elevated in the patient group; 57 [52–63] (mean [95 % confidence intervals]) ng/ml, compared with both relatives; 44 [39–50] ng/ml p = 0.001 and controls 39.5 [36–43] ng/ml p = 0.0001. E-selectin levels correlated with triglycerides, tissue-plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity in all groups. Levels of E-selectin were related to E-selectin genotype, being higher in subjects possessing the arginine allele (51.4 vs 44.5 ng/ml p 〈 0.05). E-selectin levels were higher in males than females in controls (female 35 [32–39] vs male 45 [40–51] ng/ml p = 0.004), and NIDDM relatives (female 38 [33–44] vs male 52 [45–61] ng/ml p = 0.004) but not in NIDDM patients where levels were similar (female 58 [49–69] vs male 56 [50–62] ng/ml, ns). There was no difference in soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels between the three groups (control 640 [598–686] ng/ml, NIDDM relatives 634 [593–678] ng/ml and NIDDM patients 664 [608–725] ng/ml). In controls and patients vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels correlated with von Willebrand factor (vWF). The results indicate that levels of E-selectin relate to vascular risk factors in control subjects, NIDDM relatives and NIDDM patients. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 460–466]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 185 (1992), S. 599-612 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Tectal development ; Xenopus ; Optic fibres ; Retinotopic order
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The development of the tectum and diencephalon in Xenopus has been investigated in relation to recent descriptions of the establishment of the retinotectal projection. Tritiated thymidine autoradiography and bromodeoxyuridine immunohistology were used to identify the stages at which cells became postmitotic. Cells in the diencephalon were found to become postmitotic before cells in the tectum. At the time of arrival of the first optic fibres (stage 37/38) no postmitotic cells appeared to be present in the tectal precursor region. The first postmitotic cells which could be definitely assigned to the tectum appeared between stages 41 and 45. The results suggest that the initial retinotopic ordering of optic fibres observed from stage 37/38 relates to the position of fibres in the optic tract and not the tectum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An investigation of the mechanisms of detoxication of copper and zinc by the oyster Ostrea edulis (L) has been carried out using naturally occurring “green-sick” (contaminated by copper) and unpolluted oysters. Electron microprobe X-ray analysis of tissues in the electron microscope gives direct evidence for the structural compartmentation of copper and zinc in separate, specific, granular amoebocytes. The metals are immobilized in membrane-limited vesicles as different chemical compounds, copper being associated with sulphur and zinc with phosphorus. Chemical analyses of serum and tissues of normal and “green-sick” oysters indicate that (a) Cu and Zn are accumulated independently, (b) the Cu and Zn in the serum, while higher than in the surrounding sea water, are maintained at a 10-fold smaller level than the tissues, (c) toxicity is reduced by active uptake from the serum into granular amoebocytes, where it is further reduced by compartmentation in membrane-limited vesicles. It is calculated that the individual cell types may contain as much as 13,000 ppm Cu and 25,000 ppm Zn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 69 (1999), S. S895 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 79.20.D; 82.80.K; 07.75
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. A new mass spectrometer system was developed for studying laser ablation and performing analytical chemistry. The system is based on an ion trap geometry used in ion-storage (IS) mode, coupled with a reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS). The LA-IS/TOF-MS can be used for MALDI or direct ionization of samples on a probe tip. The system configuration and related operating principles for accurately measuring low concentrations of isotopes will be described. Preliminary measurements identified ultra-trace contaminants of Ag, Sn, and Sb in a Pb target with single laser-shot experiments. Survey analyses of uranyl acetate, hair samples, and mushrooms demonstrated that this technology can be applied to a wide range of sample materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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