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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paraganglion of the prostate gland: an uncommon mimic of prostate cancer in needle biopsies (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 47 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02043.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the prognostic implications of different tumour margin types in renal cell carcinoma (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 43 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims: Invasion of perinephric tissues is part of the Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) (1997) T staging criteria for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and appears to confer a worse prognosis. However, there are no established histological criteria to determine if this has occurred and histopathologists differ in their interpretation of the tumour margin. The purpose of this study was to determine histological criteria for invasion of perinephric tissues that may be used in staging.Methods and results: We assessed the prognostic implications of different margin types in 176 cases of RCC with good follow-up data. The tumour margin type in each cases was classified as follows: fibrous tumour capsule; rim of kidney; fibrous capsule with ‘collar stud’ invasion; pushing margin, no capsule; and tumour cell invasion of fat. The margin types were used in univariate and multivariate survival analysis to determine which had most impact on disease-free survival. In Cox regression analysis with all other influential covariates cellular invasion of fat was the only margin type that had any prognostic impact, conferring a 2.9 relative hazard compared with tumours with a fibrous capsule (P = 0.007).Conclusions: For staging purposes the designation of a tumour as invading perinephric tissues should be limited to those cases that have tumour cells invading the perinephric fat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2003.01721.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of somatic mutation and colonic crypt clonality by X-linked enzyme histochemistry (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 333 (1988), S. 461-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1. Mosaic pattern of histochemical localization of G6PD activity in large bowel from an untreated female mouse heterozy-gous for the GPDX gene (C3HxGPDX). The picture is rep-resentative of that seen in ten 12-week-old animals. They were killed by CO2 inhalation, the bowel removed, opened, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/333461a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cause and cure (?) of the spurious pressures generated by certain FEM solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations: Part 1 (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 1 (1981), S. 17-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Finite Element ; Navier-Stokes ; Incompressible Flows ; Penalty Methods ; Pressure Filters ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The spurious pressures and ostensibly acceptable velocities which sometimes result from certain FEM approximate solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are explained in detail. The concept of pressure modes, physical and spurious, pure and impure, is introduced and their effects on discretized solutions is analysed, in the context of both mixed interpolation and penalty approaches. Pressure filtering schemes, which are capable of recovering useful pressures from otherwise polluted numerical results, are developed for two particular elements in two-dimensions and one element in three-dimensions. Implications regarding the effect of spurious pressure modes on accuracy and ultimate convergence with mesh refinement are discussed and a list of unanswered questions presented. Sufficient numerical examples are discussed to corroborate the theory presented herein.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650010104
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An approximately divergence-free 9-node velocity element (with variations) for incompressible flows (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 1 (1981), S. 323-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Finite Element ; Incompressible Material ; Divergence-free Bases ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Explicit basis functions are constructed for 9-node biquadratic velocity fields which guarantee that a weak form of the continuity equation is satisfied. The corresponding pressure approximations are either piecewise constant, piecewise linear or piecewise bilinear. These results are extended to give bases for bilinear velocity/piecewise constant pressure elements and also to some three-dimensional brick elements.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650010405
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The stability of explicit Euler time-integration for certain finite difference approximations of the multi-dimensional advection-diffusion equation (1984)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 4 (1984), S. 853-897 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Stability ; Advection-diffusion ; von Neumann method ; Matrix method ; Explicit Euler ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A comprehensive study is presented regarding the numerical stability of the simple and common forward Euler explicit integration technique combined with some common finite difference spatial discretizations applied to the advection-diffusion equation. One-dimensional results are obtained using both the matrix method (for several boundary conditions) and the classical von Neumann method of stability analysis and arguments presented showing that the latter is generally to be preferred, regardless of the type of boundary conditions. The less-well-known Godunov-Ryabenkii theory is also applied for a particular (Robin) boundary condition. After verifying portions of the one-dimensional theory with some numerical results, the stabilities of the two- and three-dimensional equations are addressed using the von Neumann method and results presented in the form of a new stability theorem. Extension of a useful scheme from one dimension, where the pure advection limit is known variously as Leith's method or a Lax-Wendroff method, to many dimensions via finite elements is also addressed and some stability results presented.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650040905
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the approximation of convection problems in fluid dynamics (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1477-1483 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is well-known that oscillatory result when cerntral difference of finite element approximations are suoght for convective and boundary layer flows unless the grid length is sufficiently small. A priori limits on the grid spacing, bleow which the solutions are oscullation freee, are derived form one-dimensional idenlizations of these problems and result form boundaryb layer theiry.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110911
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite element methods for second order differential equations with significant first derivatives (1976)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 10 (1976), S. 1389-1396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Galerkin finite element methods based on symmetric pyramid basis functions give poor accuracy when applied to second order elliptic equations with large coefficients of the first order terms. This is particularly so when the mesh size is such that oscillations are present in the numerical solution. In the present note asymmetric linear and quadratic basis functions are introduced and shown to overcome this difficulty in an appropriate two point boundary value problem. In particular symmetric quadratic basis functions are oscillation free and highly accurate for a working range of mesh sizes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620100617
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of error growth for explicit difference schemes in conduction-convection problems (1980)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 15 (1980), S. 1075-1081 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A detailed study is made of the error growth associated with explicit difference schemes for a conduction-convection problem. It is shown that the error can become arbitrarily large after a finite number of time steps even though it ultimately decays to zero. Certain ambiguities reported in the literature can thereby be resolved.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620150708
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letters to the editor (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 20 (1984), S. 1169-1174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620200616
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