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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 2 (1980), S. 69-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Metrizamide ; Nonhistone proteins ; Two-dimensional electrophoresis ; Tubulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Proteins were isolated from purified yeast chromatin and subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis. The cellular and the chromosomal content of the major nonhistone proteins was measured. Two polypeptides of molecular weights 55,000 and 53,000, identified as α and β tubulin, and a polypeptide of molecular weight 63,000, associated with the nuclear DNA to a very high degree, account for nearly 50% of the nonhistone proteins present in chromatin. Only one tenth of the RNA polymerase subunit with the molecular weight of 23,000 was associated with nuclear DNA following chromatin purification in metrizamide gradients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00445696
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutational analysis of a variant of ARS1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1992)
    Springer
    Current genetics 22 (1992), S. 175-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: ARS1 mutants ; DNA replication ; Yeast ; Single-stranded DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A naturally occurring single base-pair G to A transition, creating a 10/11 near-match close to the essential 11 base-pair core consensus of ARS1, was used to investigate the importance of near-match sequences. The 10/11 near-match can not substitute for the core consensus since an ARS- phenotype is observed when the core consensus is deleted. However, deletion mutations revealed that this near-match together with a short palindromic sequence, also situated in the B-flanking region, comprise a single element crucial for optimal ARS function. The palindrome has the potential of forming a stemloop structure. Rather precise observations concerning the borders of the B-region were achieved. The four base pairs separating the near-match from the core consensus perform a spacing function where the identity of the bases are unimportant. However, this spacing is highly important since deletion of these four base pairs leads to an ARS- phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351723
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Replication properties of ARS1 plasmids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: dependence on the carbon source (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 251 (1996), S. 716-719 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words ARS1 ; Plasmid ; Yeast ; Galactose ; Plasmid stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The replication behaviour of a number of ARS1-based plasmids was investigated on propagation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown with either glucose or galactose as carbon source. Growth on galactose results in reduced plasmid stability, as well as in reduced replication efficiency, when the entire 1.5-kb TRP1-ARS1 fragment is present on a plasmid. The galactose sensitivity is mediated by a 0.13-kb fragment harbouring part of the GAL3 promoter. This fragment exerts its effect when situated either 5′ or 3′ to the ARS core consensus at distances up to 0.9 kb. The endogenous 2 μm plasmid remained unaffected by the choice of carbon source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02174121
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maintenance and copy number control of ARS1 plasmids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1985)
    Springer
    Current genetics 10 (1985), S. 21-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: ARS1 plasmids ; Copy number ; Mating type ; Sir ; Ste
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Following mating of a and α isogenic haploids we observe that the frequency of plasmid bearing cells, during selective growth, increases three fold. By examining the mitotic stability, the frequency of plasmid bearing cells during the cell cycle and the copy number of ARS1 plasmids in isogenic haploid and diploid cells, we show that the apparent stability of circular ARS1 plasmids in a/α cells is largely due to a diminished copy number in these cells. This observation is fully comprehensible with the model for plasmid segregation as presented by Murray and Szostak (1983). In order to account for the differences in copy numbers, a and a/a isogenic strains were compared. Likewise a number of mating type nonspecific sterile mutants were compared with the parental Ste+ strain. It seems that a diminished copy number is established when the MATa1/MATα2 regulatory system (Klar et al. 1981) is switched on, since the effect is observed in Sir− strains only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418489
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 2 (1980), S. 75-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Aneuploid strains ; Two-dimensional electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effect of varying the chromosomal dosage in aneuploids for chromosome I or VII on the synthesis of individual nonhistone proteins was revealed. The nuclear content of most nonhistone proteins seemed to be little impaired in a strain with tetrasomy for chromosome VII as compared with a strain which is disomic for chromosome VII. On the contrary, tetrasomy for chromosome I as compared with disomy for this chromosome seems to impair both the cellular and the nuclear content of a number of chromosomal proteins, including the tubulin subunits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00445697
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The size of transcriptional units for ribosomal proteins in Escherichia coli (1974)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 129 (1974), S. 11-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An analysis of the degree to which the 55 ribosomal protein genes are clustered in polycistronic transcriptional units in E. coli is presented. Three kinetic approaches were applied: a) The labeling kinetics of RNA at different times after addition of rifampicin to a culture of E. coli growing in glucose minimal medium was used to calculate the distribution of transcribing RNA polymerases over different size classes of mRNA operons. The average length of transcriptional units being transcribed at a given time is about 3300 base pairs. Less than 1% of mRNA synthesis originates from transcriptional units longer than 12000 base pairs and only about 10% from units longer than 7500 base pairs. From this the upper limit of the length of ribosomal protein operons can be estimated. b) The rate of ribosomal protein synthesis as a fraction of the rate of total protein synthesis (αr) was measured during the cessation of mRNA synthesis and its decay after rifampicin addition. αr appears to decrease from 0.125 to 0.09 indicating that probably most ribosomal protein transcriptional units are shorter than the average. c) The kinetics of the rates of synthesis of individual ribosomal proteins was analysed after the release of the inhibition by rifampicin in a partially rifampicin resistant strain at 40°C. The rates of synthesis for all of the 40 ribosomal proteins tested reach half their final values at times falling in the interval 1.4–3.5 min, though for the majority it was reached between 1.6–2.6 min. We conclude that in E. coli the ribosomal protein genes are not joined to one extraordinarily long transcriptional unit but rather that there exist several small transcriptional units comprising up to 10 ribosomal protein genes each and that there may be one larger unit containing as many as 20 cistrons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269262
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peptide chain elongation rate and ribosomal activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a function of the growth rate (1979)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 170 (1979), S. 225-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The peptide-chain elongation rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at two different growth rates was estimated by the kinetics of radioactive labelling of nascent and finished polypeptides as described by Gausing, 1972, and Young and Bremer, 1976. The elongation rates of a diploid strain cultured in yeast nitrogen base supplemented with glucose or acetate were 9.3 amino acids/s and 5.5 amino acids/s at 30°C, respectively. These data together with published values on the “ribosomal efficiency” as a function of growth rate (Waldron and Lacroute, 1975) enable us to estimate the rate of synthesis of ribosomal proteins as a function of the rate of total protein synthesis, α r, and the fraction of ribosomes that are active in protein synthesis. We conclude that in S. cerevisiae α r, is largely independent of the growth rate while the fraction of active ribosomes decreases with decreasing growth rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337800
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The size of transcriptional units for ribosomal proteins in Escherichia coli rates of synthesis of ribosomal proteins during a nutritional shift-up (1974)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 130 (1974), S. 271-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The kinetics of the rate of synthesis of the ribosomal proteins has been determined during a nutritional shift-up in E. coli. Evidence is obtained for a maximal transcription time of 2 min for possible transcriptional units for ribosomal proteins. This is in accordance with the earlier conclusion that ribosomal protein genes are clustered in several relatively small transcriptional units (Molin et al., 1974).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00268805
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A search for an essential function of the replication origin ARS1 in the life cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 491-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; ARS1 ; DNA replication, mitotic ; DNA replication, premeiotic ; plasmid integration ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have investigated the significance of the chromosomal replication origin, ARS1, during the entire life cycle of yeast. This was done by substituting the chromosomal copy with a series of ars1 deletion mutants. It was shown that the ARS1 replication origin is not essential for mitotic or premeiotic DNA replication since no effect on growth, chromosomal loss rate and spore viability was observed in the ars1 mutant strains. We conclude that replication origins are abundantly, present in the yeast genome and that the removal of a single replication origin is compensated for by replication forks emanating from neighbouring origins.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320100408
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The yeast Rad6 protein: A mediator of homologous recombination across the scaffold attached region at the replication origin ARS1 (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1427-1438 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: yeast ; ARS1 ; RAD6 ; scaffolds/SARs ; replacement recombination ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Here we show that the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Rad6p plays a crucial role in locus-specific replacement recombination in the TRP1-ARS1 region. In rad6-1 strains, where this ubiquitination activity is modified, homologous recombination across a 150 bp continuous region is completely abolished. Our results unambiguously identified the ARS1 scaffold attached region (SAR) as being the region where this impediment for replacement recombination is located, since a merging of the location of the recombination impediment and binding properties in a scaffold exchange assay with deletion mutations was observed. Our observations strongly support the notion of torsionally separated chromosomal domains being organized by SARs and scaffold proteins, and being dynamically realigned as a consequence of ubiquitination and proteolysis.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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