Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Epiduralanästhesie ; Isobare Spinalanästhesie ; Kombinierte Spinal- Epiduralanästhesie ; Sectio caesarea ; Augmentation ; Key words Epidural anaesthesia ; Isobaric spinal anaesthesia ; Combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia ; Cesarean section ; Augmentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Incomplete anaesthesia is a major clinical problem both in single spinal and in single epidural anaesthesia. The clinical efficacy of epidural anaesthesia with augmentation (aEA) and combined epidural and spinal anesthesia (CSE) for cesarean section was investigated in a prospective randomized study on 45 patients. Methods: Anaesthesia extending up to Th5 was aimed for. Depending on the patient’s height, epidural anaesthesia was administered with a dose of 18–22 ml 0.5% bupivacaine and spinal anaesthesia with a dose of 11–15 mg 0.5% bupivacaine. Augmentation was carried out in all cases in epidural anaesthesia, initially with 7.5 ml 1% Lidocaine with epinephrine 1:400000, raised by 1.5 ml per missing segment. The epidural re-injection in CSE was carried out as necessary with 9.5–15 ml 1% lidocaine with epinephrine, depending on the height and difference from the segment Th5. Results: The extension of anaesthesia achieved in epidural anaesthesia after an initial dose of 101.8 mg bupivacaine and augmenting dose of 99 mg lidocaine reached the segment Th5. The primary spinal anaesthesia dose up to 15 mg corresponding to height led to a segmental extension to a maximum of Th3 under CSE. Augmentation was necessary in 13 patients; in 5 cases because of inadequate extent of anaesthesia and 8 cases because of pain resulting from premature reversion. The augmenting dose required was 13.9 ml. Readiness for operation was attained after 19.8 min (aEA) and after 10.5 min (CSE). No patient required analgesics before delivery. The additional analgesic requirement during operation was 63.6% (aEA) and 39.1% (CSE). Taking into account pain in the area of surgery, the requirement of analgesics was 50% (aEA) vs. 17.4% (CSE). Antiemetics were required in 18.2 (aEA) and in 65.2% (CSE). The systolic blood pressure fell by 17.7% (aEA) and in 30.3% (CSE). The minimum systolic pressure was observed after 13.4 min in aEA, and after 9.5 min in CSE. The APGAR score and the umbilical pH did not show any differences. General anaesthesia was not required in any case. A single epidural anaesthesia or a single spinal anaesthesia with isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine are not reliable as the sole, nonaugmentable anaesthesia. Isobaric spinal anaesthesia primarily achieves an appropriate extent of anaesthesia, but often also requires supplementary epidural reinjection for complete analgesia. An augmentation proves to be appropriate primarily with 0.5% bupivacaine in aEA. The operation can be commenced earlier with CSE.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Inkomplette Anästhesien stellen sowohl bei einzeitiger Spinal- wie einzeitiger Epiduralanästhesie ein wesentliches klinisches Problem dar. Methodik: Die Wirksamkeit von Epiduralanästhesie mit Augmentation (aEA) (n=22) und kombinierter Spinal-Epiduralanästhesie (CSE) (n=23) zur Sectio caesarea wurde prospektiv und randomisiert an 45 Patienten untersucht. Angestrebt wurde eine Anästhesieausdehnung bis Th5. Jeweils abhängig von der Körpergröße wurde die Epiduralanästhesie mit Bupivacain 0,5% mit einer Dosis von 18–22 ml, die Spinalanästhesie mit einer Dosis von 11–15 mg Bupivacain 0,5% isobar durchgeführt. Eine Augmentation erfolgte bei der aEA in allen Fällen zuerst mit 7,5 ml Lidocain 1% (+Adrenalin 1:400000), erhöht um 1,5 ml je fehlendem Segment. Die Nachinjektion bei der CSE (Nadel-durch-Nadel-Technik) wurde bedarfsweise mit 9,5 ml– 15 ml Lidocain 1% (+Adrenalin 1:400000), abhängig von Körpergröße und Differenz zum Segment Th5 durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Die Anästhesieausdehnung erreichte bei aEA nach einer Anfangsdosis von 101,8 mg Bupivacain und augmentierter Dosis von 99 mg (9,9 ml) Lidocain (7,5–18 ml) das Segment Th5. Die Spinalanästhesie führte unter CSE zu einer segmentalen Ausdehnung bis Th3. Bei 13 Patientinnen (56%) war eine Augmentation notwendig, in 5 Fällen wegen unzureichender Anästhesieausdehnung und in 8 Fällen wegen Schmerzen infolge vorzeitiger Rückbildung. Die Augmentation erforderte 13,9 ml/138,8 mg (9,5–23,5 ml). Operationsbereitschaft war nach 19,8 min (aEA) bzw. nach 10,5 min (CSE) erreicht (p〈0,0001). Vor Entbindung benötigte keine Patientin ein Analgetikum. Der zusätzliche Analgetikabedarf im weiteren Operationsverlauf betrug 63,6% (aEA) und 39,1% (CSE) (n.s.). Berücksichtigt man Schmerzen im Operationsgebiet betrug der Analgetikabedarf 50% (aEA) vs. 17,4% (CSE) (p〈0,05). Antiemetika wurden in 18,2% (aEA) und in 65,2% (CSE) benötigt (p〈0,0023). Der systolische Blutdruck fiel um 17,7% (aEA) bzw. 30,3% (CSE) ab (p=0,0054). Bei der aEA wurde das Minimum des systolischen Drucks nach 13,4 min, bei der CSE nach 9,6 min beobachtet. Die APGAR-Werte sowie der Nabelschnur pH zeigten keine Unterschiede. Eine Allgemeinanästhesie wurde in keinem Fall erforderlich. Schlußfolgerung: Eine einzeitige Epiduralanästhesie oder eine einzeitige isobare Spinalanästhesie mit Bupivacain 0,5% sind als alleinige, nicht augmentierbare Anästhesie nicht zuverlässig. Die isobare Spinalanästhesie erzielt primär eine angemessene Anästhesieausdehnung, benötigt jedoch auch häufig eine ergänzende epidurale Nachinjektion zur kompletten Analgesie. Eine Augmentation erweist sich bei der aEA mit Bupivacain 0,5% primär als zweckmäßig. Die CSE ermöglicht einen früheren Operationsbeginn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: acetylsalicylic acid ; adverse drug reaction ; gastrointestinal bleeding ; upper gastrointestinal ulcerative disease ; duodenal ulcer ; gastric ulcer ; erosive gastritis ; hospital drug monitoring ; inpatients ; NSAID
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hospital prevalence rate for upper gastrointestinal ulcerative disease in 28,531 inpatients consecutively admitted in two teaching hospitals in the Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring (CHDM) in Berne, from 1974 to 1985, was 2.2% (1.8% for gastric or duodenal ulcer, and 0.4% for erosive gastritis). This was based on the evaluation of 634 patients after exclusion of the subgroup of patients with hepatic cirrhosis or upper gastrointestinal neoplasia. After exclusion of patients on anticoagulant therapy (n=73), 561 (=100%) patients could be further studied. Of them, 33.3% (n=187) were found to have been exposed to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including aspirin, within 21 days prior to confirmation of the diagnosis. The observed relative risk (RR) of developing a substantial acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (Hb 〈 10 g/100 ml for men, and 〈9 g/100 ml for women, or a decrease in Hb of more than 25%) was 1.61 when patients exposed to NSAIDs (n=187) were compared to patients not exposed to those drugs (n=374). Although there was no significant sex difference overall, the RR for gastrointestinal bleeding differed considerably in the various age-groups; it was elevated in men under 40 years (RR=2.86) and in women over 60 years of age (RR=1.89), as compared to the mean RR of 1.61.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 0090-6980
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 6 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The mechanisms by which administration of the H+, K+-ATPase inhibitor B 831–78 or intragastric perfusion with NaHCO3 induces plasma gastrin release were studied in the rat. Experiments were performed after a washout of residual intragastric contents in fasted animals provided with chronic gastric fistulae. Acute and chronic administration of B 831–78 elevated plasma gastrin dose-dependently up to 5–6 times above control levels, while the increase was only twofold with intragastric NaHCO3 infusion despite similar neutralization of gastric acidity.The profound hypergastrinaemia induced by the H+, K+-ATPase inhibitor, after both acute and chronic treatment, was completely prevented or reversed by intragastric perfusion with physiological amounts of acid (0.15 N HCl, 2.5 ml/h). The hypergastrinaemia was, however, largely resistant to high doses of atropine (4.3 μ mol/kg) and of the M1 selective muscarinic antagonist telenzepine (10 μ mol/kg). In contrast, the modest increase in plasma gastrin induced by gastric perfusion with NaHCO3 was completely suppressed by the high atropine dose and was attenuated by small doses of atropine or telenzepine (0.01 μ mol/kg and 1 μ mol/kg).These results demonstrate that, in the rat, blockade of the H+, K+-ATPase can potently induce gastrin release in the absence of a meal. Moreover, they suggest that interruption of the negative feedback between acid and gastrin release is the main mechanism through which this class of drugs releases gastrin in the rat. Since a similar degree of gastrin release cannot be achieved by alkalinization of gastric contents, additional hormonal or neural regulatory factors may contribute to the drug-induced hypergastrinaemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 8 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: High-dose once daily oral omeprazole dosing can inhibit acid secretion almost completely but several days elapse before maximum efficacy is established. The acid inhibitory effect obtained with high doses of a histamine H2-receptor antagonist is built up rapidly but has the tendency to fade-the term tolerance’has been applied to characterize this phenomenon. Methods: To obtain more information on the dynamics of acid inhibition during prolonged dosing, we compared the acid suppressory effects of oral high-dose omeprazole with high-dose ranitidine. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to a 2-week dosing with omeprazole or ranitidine in a double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study design. Omeprazole was given as 1 capsule of 40 mg mane and ranitidine as 2 tabs of 150 mg q.d.s. The median 24-h pH, daytime pH and night-time pH were measured by ambulatory continuous 24-h pH metry on days -8, -6, 1. 2, 7 and 14. Results: High reproducibility was observed for the two baseline acidity measurements. Ranitidine exerted its peak acid suppressant effect on day 1 of dosing; the degree of acid inhibition faded from day 2 to 7, with no significant change thereafter. The decline in antisecretory activity was more pronounced during the day than the night. In contrast, acid inhibition by omeprazole increased throughout the first week, and antisecretory activity was stable thereafter. Despite the considerable differences in median intragastric pH values at the end of the 14-day study, plasma gastrin levels were elevated to a similar degree with both medications. Conclusions: This study confirms the ‘tolerance’phenomenon previously observed with high-dose histamine H2-receptor antagonist dosing. The dynamics with which it occurs exclude a typical exaggerated first-dose response. Prolonged high-dose histamine H2-receptor dosing compromises the feedback mechanism regulating gastrin release, whilst this is maintained during dosing with omeprazole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 8 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Basic fibroblast growth factor has been shown to be mitogenic in colon cancer cell lines. In human malignant melanoma cells, antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeted against basic fibroblast growth factor messenger RNA significantly inhibit cell growth. However, the efficacy of such an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide strategy has not been evaluated for colon cancer cells.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To investigate whether basic fibroblast growth factor can stimulate the growth of HT-29 human colon cancer cells and whether antisense oligodeoxynucleotides can inhibit growth of these cells at baseline.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Western blotting analyses were used to confirm the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor protein in this cell line. Cell growth was assessed after 2, 4 and 6 days of treatment by cell counting using the trypan blue exclusion method. Phosphorothioate- modified oligodeoxynucleotides (10 μM) were used, complementary to codon 60 of the basic fibroblast growth factor messenger RNA. Cationic liposomes (DOTAP) were used to enhance the cellular uptake of the oligodeoxynucleotides.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Western blotting demonstrated the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor protein in this cell line. Basic fibroblast growth factor (1–40 ng/mL) dose-dependently stimulated cell growth and peak values were obtained at a dose of 20 ng/mL. By contrast, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide treatment significantly inhibited cell growth compared with the sense oligodeoxynucleotide-treated cells (P=0.007). This inhibition was reversed by the addition of basic fibroblast growth factor, 20 ng/mL.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:Treatment targeted against basic fibroblast growth factor messenger RNA inhibits growth of HT-29 human colon cancer cells. This finding may provide a rationale for the therapeutic use of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeted at basic fibroblast growth factor for the treatment of colon cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Reflux of duodeno-gastric juice into the oesophagus appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of both reflux oesophagitis and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Although proton pump inhibitors have been shown to decrease acid reflux and heal oesophagitis, their effect on biliary reflux and motility is less clear.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To investigate whether pantoprazole also reduces bile reflux and whether this is paralleled by a change in oesophageal motility.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Combined 24-h measurements of intraoesophageal bilirubin concentration, pH and pressure were performed in 18 symptomatic patients with endoscopically proven reflux oesophagitis before and on day 28 of treatment with pantoprazole, 40 mg/day, under standardized conditions. A reflux symptom score was determined initially and every 2 weeks thereafter. After 56 days on medication, a control endoscopy was performed.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:The symptom score and the acid and bile reflux improved significantly, whereas the motility parameters did not change during the study period. Helicobacter pylori-positive patients had a significantly higher bile reflux time (32.1 ± 4.3%) than H. pylori-negative patients (16.3 ± 3.1%) (P=0.009). The endoscopic healing rate was 89%. The cough symptoms disappeared in three of four patients.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:The proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole decreases both acid and bile reflux. The decrease of bile reflux cannot be explained by increased oesophageal clearance as oesophageal motility did not improve with therapy. Interestingly, H. pylori infection of the stomach was associated with higher levels of oesophageal bile reflux.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regulatory Peptides 1 (1980), S. S100 
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...