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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 35 (1979), S. 616-621 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A limited-range, step-scan method for rapid diffractometer data collection is described. The data are reduced in a two-pass procedure. First, the step data from the more intense peaks are fitted by a Gaussian function yi = C1 exp [-(\bar x - xi)2/C22], where C1 is the peak maximum, C2 is proportional to the peak width and C1C2 is proportional to the integrated intensity. Because the peak widths may vary appreciably over the range of data observed and cannot be determined very precisely for weak reflections, an empirical function is determined from the more intense reflections in the first pass and the calculated peak widths are used for all reflections in the second pass. Comparison of data obtained by this method and the usual full-scan technique shows that comparable precision can be obtained even when the limited scan range data are collected at twice the rate of the full-scan technique. The method has been used to collect data for five proteins and typical results are cited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
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    Menasha, Wis. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Scandinavian studies. 8 (1924:Feb.-1925:Nov.) 265 
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Data were collected close to the Ni K edge, using synchrotron radiation at the National Synchrotron Light Source, and using a Mo Kα rotating anode, from a crystal of a nickel-containing aluminophosphate, NiAl3P4O18C4H21N4 (NiAPO). These data sets, along with an existing Cu Kα rotating anode data set, allowed the calculation of several f′ difference-Fourier maps exploiting the difference in f′ for Ni between the various wavelengths. These differences are expected to be 7.8, 4.5 and 3.3 e for Mo Kα data to SR (synchrotron radiation), Cu Kα to SR and Mo Kα to Cu Kα, respectively. The phases were calculated either excluding the Ni atom or with Al at the Ni-atom site. The f′ difference-Fourier maps revealed peaks at the Ni-atom site, whose height and distance from the refined Ni-atom position depended on the f' difference and the phase set used. The largest peak was located at a distance of only 0.025 Å from the refined Ni-atom site and was obtained from the f′ difference map calculated with the coefficients |FMo Kα − FSR| , using phases calculated with Al at the Ni-atom site. In all cases, it was found that these phases gave optimal results without introducing bias into the maps. The results confirm and expand upon earlier results [Helliwell, Gallois, Kariuki, Kaucic & Helliwell (1993), Acta Cryst. B49, 420–428]. The techniques described are generally applicable to other systems containing anomalous scatterers in chemical crystallography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 30 (1997), S. 383-387 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Single crystals of caesium titanyl arsenate (CTA, CsTiOAsO4), with space group Pna21 and isomorphous with potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP, KTiOPO4), have been studied using high-resolution synchrotron X-rays. During the experiments, an electric field was applied along the polar axis [001]. Single-crystal plates, between 300 and 450 μm thick along [001], were polarized by a variable square wave of frequency 20 Hz alternately applied to each side of the plate. A field-induced splitting of the + /− peaks for reflections hkl with l ≠ 0 was observed. This splitting provides information about the coercive field, polarizability and the piezoelectric strain tensor. Two of the piezoelectric coefficients of CTA could be estimated as d31 ∼ 1 and d33 ∼ 27 pm V−1. Whereas the coercive fields were estimated at 2300 V mm−1, the field necessary to reverse the domains just once in CTA was found to be either 560 or 1550 V mm−1, depending on the polarity of the reversed domain in relation to the polarity of the nonswitched part of the crystal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 29 (1996), S. 265-269 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The solid-state phase transitions of KNO3 were studied at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range 303 to 533 K by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. The detectors used were (i) a curved position-sensitive detector and (ii) a moving imaging-plate system built for time-, temperature- and wavelength-dependent powder diffraction. On heating, the transition from α-KNO3 to β-KNO3 occurs at 401 K. On cooling with a cooling rate of 7 K min−1, the transition from β-KNO3 to γ-KNO3 was observed at 388 K. The phase transition from γ-KNO3 to α-KNO3 occurred at temperatures that strongly depended upon the cooling rate. With a high cooling rate of 15 K min−1 from 403 to 303 K, the γ-KNO3 phase was obtained as a pure phase at 303 K, but it was eventually transformed to α-KNO3 at this temperature, and the phase transition at 303 K was complete within 15 min. With a slow cooling rate of 0.5 K min−1 from 403 to 303 K, the γ-KNO3 phase was formed at 391 K and transformed at 370 K to α-KNO3. With a cooling rate of 7 K min−1 from 403 to 303 K, the γ-KNO3 phase transformed to α-KNO3 in a temperature range between 377 and 353 K. The two phases could exist simultaneously in temperature ranges that were apparently dependent upon the thermal history of the sample. The unit-cell parameters of γ-KNO3 from 383 K to room temperature are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 3 (1996), S. 301-304 
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The formation of single crystals of the clathrasil dodecasil-3C from a solvothermal synthesis has been followed by in situ diffraction techniques using synchrotron radiation and an image-plate area detector. The high intensity of the X-ray beam, coupled with the ability to record time-resolved two-dimensional data using the image plates, allowed the crystallization kinetics to be studied and rate expressions to be fitted to the crystallization curves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 705-713 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The structure of ZrV2O7, zirconium pyrovanadate, has been refined from single-crystal synchrotron X-ray data. As with other phases in the AM2O7 family, ZrV2O7 shows a set of strong reflections, which can be explained on the basis of a cubic unit cell with a = 8.765 Å, and a family of much weaker reflections due to a 3 × 3 × 3 superstructure. The superstructure has been refined to RF = 0.036 (a = 26.296 Å, Pa3¯, 6972 reflections) and contains highly regular ZrO6 and VO4 polyhedra. Of the six unique V2O7 groups, two are constrained by symmetry to contain linear V—O—V linkages, while the remaining four are free to bend away from 180°. The structural distortions from the ideal high-symmetry structure to the observed room-temperature structure are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 29 (1973), S. 797-808 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 31 (1975), S. 493-496 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 32 (1976), S. 1147-1153 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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