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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Taxonomic revisions in the marine biflagellate fungi: The ultrastructural evidence (1974)
    Springer
    Marine biology 25 (1974), S. 345-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ultrastructure of the genera Althornia, Aplanochytrium, Japonochytrium, Schizochytrium and Thraustochytrium is described, and all are regarded as members of the new order Thraustochytriales Sparrow. Species considered are Althornia crouchii, Aplanochytrium kerguelensis, Hyalochlorella marina, Japonochytrium sp., Schizochytrium aggregatum, Thraustochytrium kinnei and T. striatum. All but H. marina are, on ultrastructural evidence, related genera, and some speculative suggestions are made about possible interrelationships both between the species discussed, between the Thraustochytriales and Labyrinthulales, and between these two and other major taxa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404978
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural aspects of the marine fungusJaponochytrium sp. (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 96 (1974), S. 305-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Marine Fungi ; Ultrastructure ; Multilamellate Sporangial Wall ; Sagenogenetosome ; Zoospore Cleavage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The morphology and ultrastructure of aJaponochytrium sp. has been studied by light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The wall has been shown to be multilamellate and persistent. Stages in zoospore cleavage are described and sagenogenetosomes reported in mature sporangia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00590186
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Moonlight and the Pregnancy of Malayan Forest Rats (1952)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 170 (1952), S. 73-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To investigate this further, the distribution of intra-uterine litters in the lunar month was calculated. Litters were classed as ;young' or 'old' according to whether the mean weight of the embryos was below or above the median of such weights for all litters of that species. There is some ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/170073a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Moonlight and the Pregnancy of Malayan Forest Rats (1954)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 173 (1954), S. 1002-1003 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In the first communication, the wrong number of degrees of freedom was used, which caused an unjustified significance. When the x2-"kes"t〉 is correctly applied, the observations cannot sufficiently support the lunar hypothesis. Table 2 of the earlier communication showed the total number of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1731002a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endothelin Receptors on Cultured Fetal Rat Diencephalic Glia (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 58 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The recently described family of proteins, the endothelins, are produced in neurons and bind to extravascular sites in the CNS. To characterize these receptors, we carried out studies on cultures of fetal rat diencephalic glia. Scatchard analysis of saturation binding studies was done for astrocytes (〉95% glial fibrillary acidic protein positive). For endothelin 3 (ET-3) and ET-1, respectively, a single receptor class of KD 0.41 ± 0.05 and 0.62 ± 0.04 nM and a receptor density of 42 ± 0.8 and 58 ± 1.1 fmol/mg of glial protein was found. Bound and cross-linked 125I-ET-3 or ET-1 showed a single predominant receptor band at M, 52,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; a minor band at 50,000 was also seen. At concentrations equal to the receptor KD, the major brain form of ET, ET-3, stimulated a nearly 200% increase in the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into glia. ET-3 and ET-1 significantly impaired the ability of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to generate cyclic GMP, and isoproterenol to generate cyclic AMP. The ability of ET to inhibit ANP-induced cyclic GMP generation was reversed by cycloheximide and actinomycin-D, whereas the inhibition of isoproterenol-induced cyclic AMP generation was partially and significantly blocked by inhibitors of calcium influx, protein kinase C action, or G protein activation, as well. Astrocytes from this part of the brain are a potential target cell for endothelin, assuming these findings are present in vivo. This neuropeptide may serve as a growth stimulator for astrocytes and modulator of the actions of catecholamines or ANP on glia by inhibiting second messenger generation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09768.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow structure due to dimple depressions on a channel surface (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 13 (2001), S. 3442-3451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Instantaneous, dynamic and time-averaged characteristics of the vortex structures which are shed from the dimples placed on one wall of a channel are described. The dimpled test surface contains 13 staggered rows of dimples in the streamwise direction, where each dimple has a print diameter of 5.08 cm, and a ratio of depth to print diameter of 0.2. Considered are Reynolds numbers (based on channel height) ReH from 600 to 11 000, and ratios of channel height to dimple print diameter H/D of 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00. For all three H/D, a primary vortex pair is periodically shed from the central portion of each dimple, including a large upwash region. This shedding occurs periodically and continuously, and is followed by inflow advection into the dimple cavity. The frequency of these events appears to scale on time-averaged bulk velocity and dimple print diameter, which gives nondimensional frequencies of 2.2–3.0 for all three H/D values considered. As H/D decreases, (i) the strength of the primary vortex pair increases, and (ii) two additional secondary vortex pairs (which form near the spanwise edges of each dimple) become significantly stronger, larger in cross section, and more apparent in flow visualization images and in surveys of time-averaged, streamwise vorticity. The locations of these primary and secondary vortex pairs near the dimpled surface coincide closely with locations where normalized Reynolds normal stress is augmented. This evidences an important connection between the vortices, Reynolds normal stress, and mixing. The large-scale unsteadiness associated with this mixing is then more pronounced, and encompasses larger portions of the vortex structure (and thus extends over larger volumes) as H/D increases from 0.25 to 1.0. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1404139
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The TraT lipoprotein as a vehicle for the transport of foreign antigenic determinants to the cell surface of Escherichia coli K12: structure–function relationships in the TraT protein (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 4 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The TraT protein is a surface-exposed lipoprotein, specified by plasmids of the IncF group, that mediates serum resistance and surface exclusion. The structure and function of the TraT protein determined by plasmid R6-5 was probed by genetic insertion of a foreign antigenic determinant, the C3 epitope of polio virus, at residues 61, 125, 180, 200 or 216 of the protein. The chimaeric proteins were transported to the outer membrane and, in three cases, immunoassays with an anti-C3 monoclonal antibody indicated that the C3 epitope was exposed on the cell surface. Three of the hybrids, with insertions at residues 125, 180 and 200, assembled into the trypsin-resistant oligomeric form characteristic of the wild-type protein, which suggested that these regions are not involved in TraT subunit:subunit interactions. Additionally, the hybrid protein carrying the C3 epitope at position 180 functioned in a genetic suppression assay and retained partial surface-exclusion activity. Thus, its localization, folding and organization does not appear to be grossly altered from that of the wild-type protein. Applications of the protein for the transport of foreign antigenic determinants to the cell surface are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00705.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Rain on the Feeding of the Malaysian Rice-Field Rat (1949)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 164 (1949), S. 746-747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Rattus rattus argentiventer, the Malaysian rice-field rat, is a common pest of standing crops and of wasteland covered by the tall grass ‘lalang’ (Imperata cylindrica). It is widely distributed throughout the Malaysian Islands, and in Malaya it is the most important host of the scrub typhus ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/164746a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the Involvement of Carbonic Anhydrase and Urease in Calcium Carbonate Formation in the Gravity-Sensing Organ of Aplysia californica (1997)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 61 (1997), S. 247 -255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Calcium carbonate —Aplysia californica— Statoconia — Urease — Carbonic anhydrase.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. To better understand the mechanisms that could modulate the formation of otoconia, calcium carbonate granules in the inner ear of vertebrate species, we examined statoconia formation in the gravity-sensing organ, the statocyst, of the gastropod mollusk Aplysia californica using an in vitro organ culture model. We determined the type of calcium carbonate present in the statoconia and investigated the role of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and urease in regulating statocyst pH as well as the role of protein synthesis and urease in statoconia production and homeostasis in vitro. The type of mineral present in statoconia was found to be aragonitic calcium carbonate. When the CA inhibitor, acetazolamide (AZ), was added to cultures of statocysts, the pH initially (30 min) increased and then decreased. The urease inhibitor, acetohydroxamic acid (AHA), decreased statocyst pH. Simultaneous addition of AZ and AHA caused a decrease in pH. Inhibition of urease activity also reduced total statoconia number, but had no effect on statoconia volume. Inhibition of protein synthesis reduced statoconia production and increased statoconia volume. In a previous study, inhibition of CA was shown to decrease statoconia production. Taken together, these data show that urease and CA play a role in regulating statocyst pH and the formation and maintenance of statoconia. CA produces carbonate ion for calcium carbonate formation and urease neutralizes the acid formed due to CA action, by production of ammonia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900330
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbonic anhydrase is required for statoconia homeostasis in organ cultures of statocysts from Aplysia californica (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 177 (1995), S. 415-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Aplysia ; Carbonic anhydrase ; Statoconia ; Organ culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A novel organ culture system has been developed to study the regulation of statoconia production in the gravity sensing organ in Aplysia californica. Statocysts were cultured in Leibovitz (L15) medium supplemented with salts and Aplysia haemolymph for four days at 17°C. The viability of the system was evaluated by examining four parameters: statocyst morphology, the activity of the mechanosensory cilia in the statocyst, production of new statoconia during culture and change in statoconia volume after culture. There were no morphological differences in statocysts before and after culture when ciliary beating was maintained. There was a 29% increase in the number of statoconia after four days in culture. Mean statocyst, statolith and statoconia volumes were not affected by culture conditions. The presence of carbonic anhydrase in the statocysts was shown using immunohistochemistry. When statocysts were cultured in the presence of 4.0 × 10−4 M acetazolamide to inhibit the enzyme activity, there was a decrease in statoconia production and statoconia volume, indicating a role for this enzyme in statoconia homeostasis, potentially via pH regulation. These studies are the first to report a novel system for the culture of statocysts and show that carbonic anhydrase is involved in the regulation of statoconia volume and production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187478
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