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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 56 (1990), S. 2135-2137 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have prepared new high Tc superconducting thin films of (Tl,Bi)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O by combining low temperature (500 °C) rf sputtering of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O precursor films and thallium diffusion. A typical film has Tc(onset) =80 K, Tc(midpoint) =79 K, and Tc(zero) =50 K. X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopic studies were carried out to determine the composition and crystal structure of the superconducting phase within the film. We identified a material with the chemical composition of (Tl0.7 Bi0.3 )Sr2CaCu2Oy and tetragonal symmetry (a=3.795 A(ring) and c=12.095 A(ring)), and propose that this phase is responsible for superconductivity around 80 K. The film also has a highly preferred orientation with the c axis perpendicular to the surface of the (100)MgO substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 56 (1990), S. 1371-1373 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Superconducting thin films of the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system with and without lead doping were prepared by rf magnetron sputtering onto (100)MgO substrates. Although the superconducting properties of the thin films are very sensitive to the deposition and soak temperatures, reproducible results were obtained. Our in situ deposition process with processing temperatures not exceeding 600 °C yielded films with zero resistance at 82 K and Jc=7×105 A cm−2 measured at 4 K for the two-layer Bi phase. Our initial results with lead-doped Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O thin films will also be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 32 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 5 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lymphocytes from the peripheral blood, spleen, or para-aortic lymph nodes of primigravida L rats carrying (L × BN)F1 (LBN) fetuses are fully capable of mounting graft-versus-host (GVH) reactions in LBN F1 recipients. The reactivity of lymphocytes from interstrain pregnant (L × BN) or intrastrain pregnant (L × L) rats, or from rats postpartum from these pregnancies, is equivalent to that of normal virgin females over a full dose-response curve, ruling out both specific and nonspecific effects of pregnancy on the intrinsic GVH competence of the maternal thymus-derived (T) lymphocyte. Attempts to block GVH reactivity with serum from pregnant rats were unsuccessful. In addition, when the distribution pattern of 51Cr-labeled syngeneic and semiallogeneic lymphocytes was studied in intact primigravida mice, there was no difference between inter-strain and intrastrain pregnant mice, and there was no evidence of immunologically specific ‘trapping’ in the para-aortic lymph nodes draining the interstrain pregnant uterus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 5 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Peripheral blood and splenic lymphocytes from interstrain (L × BN) or intra-strain (L × L) primigravida rats were equivalent to those from virgin L female in their in vitro DNA synthetic responses to paternal strain cells (BN), to unrelated allogeneic cells (ACI), and to the mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Heat-inactivated serum from pregnant L rats, when compared to serum virgin or postpartum L rats, regularly suppressed the in vitro response of L lymphocytes to paternal and allogeneic cells. The response of L cells to PHA was not suppressed. The degree of inhibition was related to the final concentration of pregnant serum in culture, concentrations above 2% producing more than 80% inhibition mixed lymphocyte reaction. The inhibiting sera were not cytotoxic by a sensitive 51Cr release assay. Histoincompatibility between mother and fetus is not required for production of this inhibitory effect since it is consistently present in intrastrain (L × L) pregnant rats. Among interstrain pregnant rats, the degree of inhibition is influenced by, but not Specific for paternal-strain alloantigens. Thus, the proliferative function of thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes from pregnant intrinsically normal, but the response to allogeneic cells can be altered by factors present in pregnant serum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 2 Volume expansivity in YBa2Cu3O7_x, fit by a double quadratic. A large powder sample of YBCO was prepared from the starting materials Y2O3, BaCO3 and CuO (each 99.999% pure (Aldrich)). The chemical and phase purity of the starting materials were checked by X-ray powder diffraction (Cu ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 10 (1996), S. 820-824 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Fetal transesophageal echocardiography ; Intravascular ultrasound catheter ; Fetal cardiac intervention ; Fetal cardiac surgery ; Fetoscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Cardiac procedures in exteriorized fetuses or assisted by fetoscopy require monitoring capabilities not attended by conventional maternal transabdominal echocardiography. Methods: We, therefore, assessed the potential of fetal transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) utilizing an intravascular ultrasound catheter (IVUC) for fetal cardiac monitoring. We inserted a 10-F-10-MHz IVUC into the esophagus in 12 exteriorized fetal sheep and by a fetoscopic approach in 4 fetal sheep. Cardiac events were observed. Heart rate, cardiac rhythm, patency of the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus, and the width of the branch pulmonary arteries could be assessed in all fetuses. Ventricular contractility could be assessed only in fetuses weighing less than 2.5 kg. Larger fetuses did not allow adequate imaging of the apical portion of the ventricles because of limited tissue penetration of the IVUC. Fetal TEE permitted placing small guide wires in the cardiac atria and left ventricle. Short-lived premature beats following intracardiac manipulations of these wires could be observed by fetal TEE in all cases. Results: At autopsy, no complications from IVUC insertion were observed in the exteriorized fetuses. Fetoscopic placement of the IVUC resulted in minor perioral skin erosion in two nonexteriorized fetuses. Conclusions: In conclusion, fetal TEE can be achieved with minor fetal injury and may provide useful information during open and fetoscopic cardiac procedures. Further improvements in IVUC design will permit the application of this technique to monitor human fetal cardiac procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 10 (1996), S. 820-824 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Fetal transesophageal echocardiography — Intravascular ultrasound catheter — Fetal cardiac intervention — Fetal cardiac surgery — Fetoscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: Cardiac procedures in exteriorized fetuses or assisted by fetoscopy require monitoring capabilities not attended by conventional maternal transabdominal echocardiography. Methods: We, therefore, assessed the potential of fetal transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) utilizing an intravascular ultrasound catheter (IVUC) for fetal cardiac monitoring. We inserted a 10-F–10-MHz IVUC into the esophagus in 12 exteriorized fetal sheep and by a fetoscopic approach in 4 fetal sheep. Cardiac events were observed. Heart rate, cardiac rhythm, patency of the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus, and the width of the branch pulmonary arteries could be assessed in all fetuses. Ventricular contractility could be assessed only in fetuses weighing less than 2.5 kg. Larger fetuses did not allow adequate imaging of the apical portion of the ventricles because of limited tissue penetration of the IVUC. Fetal TEE permitted placing small guide wires in the cardiac atria and left ventricle. Short-lived premature beats following intracardiac manipulations of these wires could be observed by fetal TEE in all cases. Results: At autopsy, no complications from IVUC insertion were observed in the exteriorized fetuses. Fetoscopic placement of the IVUC resulted in minor perioral skin erosion in two nonexteriorized fetuses. Conclusions: In conclusion, fetal TEE can be achieved with minor fetal injury and may provide useful information during open and fetoscopic cardiac procedures. Further improvements in IVUC design will permit the application of this technique to monitor human fetal cardiac procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Gynäkologe 32 (1999), S. 866-878 
    ISSN: 1433-0393
    Keywords: Key words Fetal surgery • Intrauterine therapy • Fetoscopy • Fetal anomaly ; Schlüsselwörter Fetale Chirurgie • Intrauterine Therapie • Fetoskopie • Fetale Anomalie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Einige fetale Anomalien führen bereits intrauterin zu einer, mit dem postnatalen Leben nicht vereinbaren Organschädigung. Diese Kinder können von einer intrauterinen Korrektur wesentlich profitieren. Um einen pränatalen Eingriff mit entsprechendem Risiko zu rechtfertigen, müssen zusätzlich verschiedene Kriterien erfüllt sein: die Diagnose muß pränatal sicher zu stellen sein, assoziierte Fehlbildungen müssen ausgeschlossen werden, die intrauterine Organschädigung muß reversibel sein und der intrauterine Eingriff muß die Prognose wesentlich verbessern. Derzeit werden fetalen Eingriffe zur Dekompression der gestauten Harnwege bei der obstruktiven Uropathie, zur temporären Trachealokklusion bei der angeborenen Zwerchfellhernie, zur Tumorreduktion bei der kongenitalen zystisch-adenomatoiden Lungenmalformation und zur intrauterinen Therapie des Steißbeinteratom vorgenommen. Als neues Verfahren wird derzeit die intrauterine Deckung der Spina bifida erprobt. Da es sich nicht um eine letale Fehlbildung handelt, nimmt diese eine kontrovers zu diskutierende Sonderstellung ein. Die mütterliche Sicherheit muß bei jedem intrauterinen Eingriff stets im Vordergrund stehen. Hauptkomplikation der intrauterinen Chirurgie ist die vorzeitige Wehentätigkeit und der vorzeitige Blasensprung. Um die mütterliche Morbidität und das Risiko der Frühgeburtlichkeit zu senken, wurde die endoskopische intrauterine Chirurgie („operative Fetoskopie“) entwickelt und zunehmend eingesetzt. Durch den Erfolg minimal invasiver Maßnahmen wird die offene Fetalchirurgie voraussichtlich in der Zukunft nur eine untergeordnete Rolle spielen.
    Notes: Summary Although most prenatally diagnosed anatomic malformations are best managed after birth, we can presently offer prenatal therapy to an increasing number of fetuses with simple anatomical defects that have predictably devastating developmental consequences. A condition amenable to prenatal intervention must fulfill a number of conditions. It must be severe enough to warrant the risks associated with in utero treatment and must be reliably detectable before birth. Furthermore, the pathophysiology must be reversible by fetal intervention, significantly improving the prognosis over postnatal treatment. Current indication for prenatal intervention include decompression for obstructive uropathy, temporary tracheal occlusion for congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and tumor debulking for congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung and sacrococcygeal teratoma. Prenatal repair of myelomeningocele is currently being developed but remains controversial since this is not a lethal malformation. Maternal safety remains paramount in considering fetal intervention. The main associated risks are pre-term labor and preterm premature rupture of membranes. To reduce maternal morbidity and the risk of prematurity, minimally invasive fetoscopic techniques were developed and are increasingly employed. These developments will in all probability reduce the importance of open fetal surgery in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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