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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Ascites ; Liver cirrhosis ; Plasminogen ; Antiproteases ; Fibrinolysis ; Dexamethasone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fibrinolysis induced by the infusion of plasminogen activators into the circulation has been shown to cause coagulation disorders in ascites retransfusion. Dexamethasone is known to inhibit the synthesis of plasminogen activators by peritoneal macrophages. We therefore assessed its potential in preventing the occurrence of fibrinolysis by injecting 16 mg dexamethasone intraperitoneally in 10 patients 24 h before ascites retransfusion was performed. In addition, the effect of dexamethasone upon the activity or concentration of several proteases and antiproteases related to coagulation in plasma and ascites was analyzed on 15 occasions. An increase of the activity of plasminogen, α2-antiplasmin, and antithrombin III, and in the concentration of α1-protease inhibitor in ascites was induced by the dexamethasone injection. However, the reaction was not identical in all patients. Those patients having an increase of plasminogen activities of 0.6 CTA U/ml or more did not show signs of fibrinolysis during retransfusion. The results obtained indicate that intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone decreases the concentration of plasminogen activators in ascites and thereby reduces the risk of coagulation disorders during retransfusion procedures. Since the effect is variable and not sustained, assessment of preoperative plasminogen concentrations is mandatory in order to prevent complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Key words Radial condyle of humerus • Fractures • Growth disturbance • Condylar overgrowth • Screw osteosynthesis ; Schlüsselwörter Condylus radialis humeri • Frakturen • Wachstumsstörung • Kondyläres Mehrwachstum • Schraubenosteosynthese
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Obwohl Pseudarthrosen und Cubitus valgus als Hauptkomplikationen der dislozierten Condylus-radialis-Fraktur im Wachstumsalter durch offene Reposition und eine Adaptationsosteosynthese mittels Kirschner-Drähten verhindert werden, kann durch verzögerte Konsolidation eine Wachstumsstörung im Sinne einer partiellen radialen Fugenstimulation mit kondylärem Mehrwachstum, Varisierung der Ellbogenachse und Einziehung der Notch (Fischschwanzdeformität) auftreten. Seit 1974 werden daher an unserer Klinik prospektiv alle primär und sekundär (gipsfreie 4-Tages-Kontrolle) dislozierten Frakturen, d. h. Brüche mit einer zentralen Aufweitung von mindestens 2 mm, mittels offener Reposition und metaphysärer Zugschraubenosteosynthese versorgt. Bei insgesamt 66 Kindern (41 Knaben, 25 Mädchen) mit einer durchschnittlichen Nachkontrollzeit von 10 (2–22) Jahren fanden sich 28 primär und 6 sekundär dislozierte Frakturen, welche alle regelrecht konsolidierten. In 5 Fällen mußte wegen der Kleinheit des Fragments eine K-Draht-Osteosynthese durchgeführt werden. Bei 2 Kindern führte eine übersehene sekundäre Dislokation mit konservativer Therapie zu einer Ellbogenvarisierung. Alle Patienten mit Schraubenosteosynthesen zeigten symmetrische Ellbogenachsen und -funktion. Fischschwanzdeformitäten, wahrscheinlich als Folge einer verbliebenen zentralen Instabilität, konnten nach Osteosynthese bei 8 von 27 Kindern beobachtet werden. Schlußfolgerung: Die offene Reposition und metaphysäre Zugschraubenosteosynthese bei dislozierten Frakturen des Condylus radialis humeri verhindert zuverlässig das kondyläre Mehrwachstum bei anatomischer Frakturheilung innerhalb 3–4 Wochen. Zur Vermeidung von Fischschwanzdeformitäten muß eine zusätzliche quere, die Trochlea miteinbeziehende Fixation mittels Kirschner-Draht diskutiert werden.
    Notes: Summary Pseudoarthrosis and cubitus valgus as main complications following displaced fractures of the radial condyle in children can be prevented by open reduction and fixation by K wires. However, delayed union and stimulation of the radial physis with condylar overgrowth and varisation of the elbow as well as fishtail deformities of the distal end of the humerus are reported nevertheless. To prevent those growth disturbances all primary and secondary (4-day X-ray control) displaced fractures of the radial condyle, i. e. those with a central gap of more than 2 mm, were prospectively treated by open reduction and osteosynthesis with a metaphyseal lag screw beginning 1974. Sixty-six patients (41 boys, 25 girls) with an average follow-up of 10 years (2–22 years) sustained 28 primary and 6 secondary displaced fractures. In 5 cases a K wire fixation was performed in view of the smallness of the fragment. Two children with conservative treatment following overlooked displaced fractures showed condylar overgrowth and varisation of the elbow. Screw osteosynthesis led to symmetric elbow angles and function in all cases, whereas fishtail deformities could be observed in 8 of 27 children, probably as a consequence of the remaining central fracture instability. Conclusion: Open reduction and osteosynthesis with a metaphyseal lag screw prevents condylar overgrowth in displaced fractures of the radial condyle by guaranteeing fracture healing in anatomic position within 3–4 weeks. However, fishtail deformity can not be prevented by metaphyseal compression only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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