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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Tolbutamide ; insulin ; euglycaemic glucose clamp ; β cell ; Type 1 diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined whether tolbutamide has any acute or short-term effects on insulin action in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. A euglycaemic glucose clamp was performed in seven Type 1 diabetic patients without clinical insulin resistance by infusing glucose at a constant rate of 0.01 mmol·kg-1·min-1 for 3 h together with a simultaneous insulin infusion using an ‘artificial pancreas’. The insulin infusion rate required to maintain blood glucose at 6.7 mmol/l at a set low glucose infusion rate provides an index of insulin action in vivo. The euglycaemic clamp was performed on 3 separate days in the same patient: (1) in the basal state; (2) during simultaneous intravenous tolbutamide infusion of 0.5 g/h, and (3) after treatment with 2.5 g tolbutamide/day for 6 days in addition to insulin. The insulin infusion rate needed to maintain the set blood glucose level did not differ significantly between the three experimental conditions (1.2±0.2 versus 1.3±0.3 versus 1.2±0.3 U/h). Plasma glucagon, growth hormone, non-esterified fatty acid and glycerol levels did not differ between control or sulphonylurea treatment studies. The results suggest that tolbutamide does not exert any acute or short-term effects on insulin action in vivo in Type 1 diabetes. Our results do not provide support for the idea that this agent is a clinically useful adjunct to insulin in such patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin secretion rate ; pancreatic blood flow ; mathematic model ; IRI concentration ; blood glucose ; glucose assimilation ; dog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pancreaticoduodenal and portal venous blood flows were recorded electromagnetically in anaesthetized dogs. Blood glucose and IRI were measured in the arterial, portal, and peripheral venous as well as in the intestinal venous blood. By a mathematical model the actual net IRI output of the whole pancreas was estimated. Under basal conditions it is 10.2±2.4 mU/min (n = 30; 26 kg mean body wt). After i.v. glucose injection, IRI output is rapidly enhanced. The biphasic nature of this reaction was unequivocally demonstrated by consideration of the ratio IRI output: blood glucose. Pancreaticoduodenal blood flow increases transiently in relation to the increased blood glucose concentration. The IRI secretion rate is well correlated with the blood glucose concentration and to the amounts of glucose or of blood reaching the whole pancreas. It is also correlated with the portal IRI concentration. The overall peripheral venous or arterial IRI concentrations are correlated with the IRI secretion rate, but not in all individual experiments. The different phases of IRI output (basal rate, stimulated output 1–10 min and 10–60 min) show no influence on each other, nor are they correlated with the peripheral IRI concentration area. Basal IRI output is negatively correlated with the glucose assimilation constants. These constants or the peripheral B G areas, however, are independent of the stimulated IRI output rate. However, both the assimilation constants and the peripheral BG areas are related to the peripheral IRI concentration areas. Hepatic uptake of insulin and dynamics of pancreatic blood flow seem to contribute considerably to the estimated correlation pattern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 330 (1988), S. 354-355 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Eine Versuchsanlage zum Studium der Vorgänge, die in einer Füllkörperkolonne bei Änderung verschiedener Betriebsparameter ablaufen, wird beschrieben. Das Verhalten der Kolonne bei sprungförmiger Änderung des Rückflußverhältnisses wird untersucht. Als Testgemisch wird das System Benzol/Trichloräthylen benutzt. An vier verschiedenen Stellen der Kolonne wird gemessen, wie sich die Konzentration der flüssigen Phase mit der Zeit ändert. Zur automatischen Bestimmung der Konzentration wurde ein Analysengerät entwickelt, mit dem die Dielektrizitätskonstante des Gemisches ermittelt wird.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 38 (1966), S. 1252-1259 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Hinweise auf eine geeignete Theorie des Zeitverhaltens von kontinuierlich arbeitenden Füllkörperkolonnen unter der Einwirkung sprungförmiger Änderungen der Betriebsparameter hatten sich bereits bei der früheren Diskussion unserer Experimente ergeben. Unsere Überlegungen führen zu einem Zeitgesetz, das die Annäherung der Konzentrationen an die stationären Endwerte durch die Summe von Exponentialfunktionen beschreibt. Die einzelnen Summanden enthalten für das Zeitverhalten der Kolonne charakteristiche Eigenwerte und Eigenfunktionen, die nur von Parametern des Endprofiles abhängen. Aus der Diskussion des Zeitgesetzes ergeben sich Aussagen über die dynamischen Eigenschaften von Füllkörperkolonnen, die mit unseren Experimenten übereinstimmen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An einer Füllkörperkolonne mit seitlichem Zulauf wurde untersucht, wie sich sprungförmige Änderungen des Flüssigkeits/Dampf-Verhältnisses, der Zuflußkonzentration und der Zuflußmenge auf den Betrieb der Kolonne auswirken. Die charakteristischen Zeiten, mit denen die Störungen abklingen, wurden gemessen. Aus den stationären Profilen, Diagrammen der Übergangsfunktionen sowie Zuflußfunktionen ergeben sich Hinweise über günstige Regelmöglichkeiten.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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