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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forest Productivity and Efficiency of Resource Use Across a Chronosequence of Tropical Montane Soils (1999)
    Springer
    Ecosystems 2 (1999), S. 242-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0629
    Keywords: Key words: chronosequence; light interception; nutrient-use efficiency; productivity; montane tropical forest; soil respiration.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: ABSTRACT We tested the hypothesis that plants adjust to nutrient availability by altering carbon allocation patterns and nutrient-use efficiency (NUE = net primary production [NPP] per unit nutrient uptake), but are constrained by a trade-off between NUE and light-use efficiency (ε= NPP per unit intercepted light). NPP, NUE and ε were measured in montane Metrosideros polymorpha forest across a 4.1 x 106 yr space for time substitution chronosequence in which available soil N and P pools change with site age. Although the range of N and P availability across sites was broad, there was little difference in NPP between sites, and in contrast to theories of carbon allocation relative to limiting resources, we found no consistent relationships in production allocation to leaves, fine roots or wood. However, canopy nutrient pools and fluxes were correlated with the mass of fine roots per unit soil volume and there was a weak but positive correlation of NPP with LAI. Patterns of ε and NUE across the soil developmental sequence were opposite to each other. ε increased as nutrient availability and nutrient turnover increased, while NUE decreased in response to the same influences but reached its highest values where either N or P availability and turnover of both N and P were low. A negative correlation between ε and NUE supports the hypothesis that a trade-off exists between ε and leaf characteristics affecting NUE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100219900072
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Plant Growth Characteristics on Biogeochemistry and Community Composition in a Changing Climate (1999)
    Springer
    Ecosystems 2 (1999), S. 367-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0629
    Keywords: Key words: multiple-element limitation (MEL); biogeochemical model; climate change; plant competition; carbon–nitrogen interactions; nutrient use efficiency; relative growth rate; temperature; CO2.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: ABSTRACT Vegetation growth characteristics influence ecosystem biogeochemistry and must be incorporated in models used to project biogeochemical responses to climate variations. We used a multiple-element limitation model (MEL) to examine how variations in nutrient use efficiency (NUE) and net primary production to biomass ratio (nPBR) affect changes in ecosystem C stocks after an increase in temperature and atmospheric CO2. nPBR influences the initial rates of response, but the magnitude and direction of long-term responses are determined by NUE. MEL was used to simulate responses to climate change in communities composed of two species differing in nPBR and/or NUE. When only nPBR differed between the species, the high-nPBR species outgrew the low-nPBR species early in the simulations, but the shift in dominance was transitory because of secondary N limitations. High-NUE species were less affected by secondary N limitations and were therefore favored under elevated CO2. Increased temperature stimulated N release from soil organic matter (SOM) and therefore favored low-NUE species. The combined release from C and N limitation under the combination of increased temperature and elevated CO2 favored high-NUE species. High C:N litter from high-NUE species limited the N-supply rate from SOM, which favors the dominance of the high-NUE species in the short term. However, in the long term increased litter production resulted in SOM accumulation, which reestablished a N supply rate favorable to the reestablishment and dominance of the low-NUE species. Conditions then reverted to a state favorable to the high-NUE species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100219900086
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphorus limitation of forest leaf area and net primary production on a highly weathered soil (1995)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 29 (1995), S. 223-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: chronosequence ; montane tropical forest ; nitrogen ; nutrient limitation ; phosphorus ; productivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We tested the hypothesis that P was the nutrient limiting net primary production of a nativeMetrosideros polymorpha forest on a highly weathered montane tropical soil in Hawaii. A factorial experiment used all combinations of three fertilizer treatments: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and a mix of other essential nutrients (OE), consisting primarily of mineral derived cations and excluding N and P. P addition, but not N or OE, increased leaf area index within 12 months, foliar P concentration measured at 18 months, and stem diameter increment within 18 months. Stem growth at 18 months was even greater when trees fertilized with P also received the OE treatment. N and P additions increased leaf litterfall and N and P in combination further increased litterfall. The sequence of responses suggests that increased available P promoted an increase in photosynthetic area which led to increased wood production. P was the essential element most limiting to primary production on old volcanic soil in contrast to the N limitation found on young volcanic soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02186049
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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