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Glutamate regulates Oct-2 DNA-binding activity through α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate receptors in cultured chick Bergmann glia cells (2004)

Méndez, J. Alfredo ; López-Bayghen, Esther ; Rojas, Fausto ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Journal of neurochemistry 88 (2004), S. 0

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ISSN: 1471-4159

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Ionotropic glutamate receptors in cerebellar Bergmann glial cells are linked to transcriptional regulation and, by these means, are thought to play an important role in plasticity, learning and memory and in several neuropathologies. Within the CNS, the transcription factors of the POU family bind their target DNA sequences after a growth factor-dependent phosphorylation–dephosphorylation cascade. Exposure of cultured Bergmann glial cells to glutamate leads to a time- and dose-dependent increase in Oct-2 DNA-binding activity. The use of specific pharmacological tools established the involvement of Ca2+-permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate receptors. Furthermore, the signaling cascade includes phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase as well as protein kinase C activation. Interestingly, transcriptional as well as translational inhibitors abolish the glutamate effect, suggesting a transcriptional up-regulation of the oct-2 gene. These data demonstrate that Oct-2 expression is not restricted to neurons and further strengthen the notion that the glial glutamate receptors participate in the modulation of glutamatergic cerebellar neurotransmission.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02206.x

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Thermodynamics of aqueous mixtures of 2-(2-Hexyloxyethoxy)ethanol at 5°C (1993)

Douhéret, Gérard ; Roux, Alain H. ; Davis, Michael I. ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of solution chemistry 22 (1993), S. 1041-1062

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ISSN: 1572-8927

Keywords: Excess quantities ; reduced and apparent excess quantities ; molar volume ; molar isentropic compressibility ; ultrasonic speed ; alkyl poly(ethyleneglycol) monoether

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract The densities and the ultrasonic speeds of the aqueous solutions of 2-(2-hexyloxyethoxy)ethanol (C6E2) were measured over the entire range of mole fractions at 5°C. Excess molar volumes V E were readily calculated from the densities. The densities, in combination with the ultrasonic speeds, furnish estimates of the molar (and excess molar) isentropic compressibilities K S and the deviations u D of the ultrasonic speeds from the values calculated for ideal mixtures. Radical changes in the mole fraction derivatives of the excess molar properties of the (C6E2 + water) system, in the vicinity of an amphiphile mole fraction of 0.003, indicate that C6E2 like C6E3 is capable of micelle formation. Our data have been compared with those reported earlier for (C4E2 +, C2E2 +, and C6E3 + water). We have employed both mass action and pseudophase approaches to data analysis, together with the four-segment model approach.