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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical significance of anaerobic bacteremias in a general hospital (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 595-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Anaerobes ; Bacteremias ; Clinical ; Epidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A prospective study was designed to investigate anaerobic bacteremias and evaluate their incidence and significance in a general hospital. One or more blood cultures positive for anaerobic microorganisms were analyzed from each of a total of 61 patients hospitalized between January 1988 and April 1992, in accordance with an established protocol. The clinical repercussions of bacteremia were also analyzed. Two percent of blood cultures were positive for anaerobes, with an incidence of 0.6 cases per 1000 hosphitalized patients. The most frequently isolated anaerobes were Bacteroides fragilis and Clostridium perfringens. Intraabdominal disease was the route of entry in 50% of the patients. A death rate of 37.3 % was mostly attributed to B. fragilis. Hospitalization in the surgical department, nosocomial acquisition, previous surgery, critical initial clinical status and the presence of complications were significantly associated with increased death rates. No significant differences were found in the clinical course between patients whose antibiotic treatment was judged adequate and those for whom it was considered inadequate. The frequency and incidence of anaerobic bacteremia was low in our hospital. The well-known clinical and epidemiological characteristics of these infections facilitates their prompt diagnosis and empirical treatment with antibiotics of proven effectiveness against anaerobes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184481
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control mechanisms determining rate and depth of respiratory movements
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Respiration Physiology 10 (1970), S. 93-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-5687
    Keywords: Control of breathing ; Polypnoea ; Respiratory pattern ; Respiratory responses to CO"2 ; Temperature effects on breathing ; Vagotomy
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0034-5687(70)90030-7
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethylene Production by the Cotton Plant and its Effects under Experimental and Field Conditions (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 10 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1957.tb06953.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brucellosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 319-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Brucellosis has been described rarely in patients infected with HIV, despite the fact that eradication of intracellular brucellae is largely dependent on cell-mediated immunity. The characteristics of all patients with HIV infection and brucellosis seen in seven Spanish hospitals are reported. Since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, 12 HIV-infected patients were diagnosed with brucellosis (8 with cultures positive forBrucella spp., 4 with high anti-Brucella antibody titers). Most patients were male and intravenous drug users. Eleven patients had no symptoms of HIV infection when first diagnosed with brucellosis and had relatively preserved cellular immunity (median CD4+ cell count 588, range 136–1006). There was a clear epidemiologic antecedent for acquisition of brucellosis in 11 patients. Clinical symptoms included fever, arthromyalgia, and sweating in all patients; four patients presented with focal disease. All patients had high agglutinin titers, and eight of nine had cultures positive forBrucella. Therapy with doxycycline and streptomycin was curative in all cases. Two patients experienced a recurrence of symptoms after initial treatment, although no microbiological relapses were documented after a median follow-up period of 18 months. HIV infection does not seem to increase the incidence of brucellosis. Since most cases occur in asymptomatic patients with relatively preserved immunity, the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, response to therapy, and outcome are similar to those observed in non-HIV infected patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709454
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brucellosis in Patients Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 319-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Brucellosis has been described rarely in patients infected with HIV, despite the fact that eradication of intracellular brucellae is largely dependent on cell-mediated immunity. The characteristics of all patients with HIV infection and brucellosis seen in seven Spanish hospitals are reported. Since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, 12 HIV-infected patients were diagnosed with brucellosis (8 with cultures positive for Brucella spp., 4 with high anti-Brucella antibody titers). Most patients were male and intravenous drug users. Eleven patients had no symptoms of HIV infection when first diagnosed with brucellosis and had relatively preserved cellular immunity (median CD4+ cell count 588, range 136–1006). There was a clear epidemiologic antecedent for acquisition of brucellosis in 11 patients. Clinical symptoms included fever, arthromyalgia, and sweating in all patients; four patients presented with focal disease. All patients had high agglutinin titers, and eight of nine had cultures positive for Brucella. Therapy with doxycycline and streptomycin was curative in all cases. Two patients experienced a recurrence of symptoms after initial treatment, although no microbiological relapses were documented after a median follow-up period of 18 months. HIV infection does not seem to increase the incidence of brucellosis. Since most cases occur in asymptomatic patients with relatively preserved immunity, the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, response to therapy, and outcome are similar to those observed in non-HIV infected patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709454
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The first known use of vermillion (1995)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 759-761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Preservation ; vermillion ; cinnabar ; archaeology ; neolithic ; dolmenic ; XRF-EDS ; DTA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Vermillion has been shown to be useful in preserving human bones from 5000 years ago. Remarkably well-preserved human bones have been found in the dolmenic burial ‘La Velilla’ in Osorno (Palencia, Spain), carefully covered by pulverized cinnabar (vermillion) which ensured their preservation even in non-favorable climatic conditions. We believe the red powder was deliberately deposited for preservative use because no cinnabar mine is to be found within 160 km, because of the large amount (hundreds of kilograms) used, and because its composition, red mercuric sulphide, is similar to that of preparations used in technical embalming. This finding pushes back the data of the use of mercury ore for preservation by four millennia in South America, and by at least one millennium in the Old World. Chemical and thermal analyses of vermillion in La Velilla have demonstrated its great purity and shown that the cinnabar was pulverized and washed (but not heated), producing a bright red-orange tone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01922425
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydra — A 3-dimensional electron and ion hot plasma instrument for the POLAR spacecraft of the GGS mission (1995)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 71 (1995), S. 459-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract HYDRA is an experimental hot plasma investigation for the POLAR spacecraft of the GGS program. A consortium of institutions has designed a suite of particle analyzers that sample the velocity space of electron and ions between ≃2 keV/q – 35 keV/q in three dimensions, with a routine time resolution of 0.5 s. Routine coverage of velocity space will be accomplished with an angular homogeneity assumption of ≃16°, appropriate for subsonic plasmas, but with special ≃1.5° resolution for electrons with energies between 100 eV and 10 keV along and opposed to the local magnetic field. This instrument produces 4.9 kilobits s−1 to the telemetry, consumes on average 14 W and requires 18.7 kg for deployment including its internal shielding. The scientific objectives for the polar magnetosphere fall into four broad categories: (1) those to define the ambient kinetic regimes of ions and electrons; (2) those to elucidate the magnetohydrodynamic responses in these regimes; (3) those to assess the particle populations with high time resolution; and (4) those to determine the global topology of the magnetic field. In thefirst group are issues of identifying the origins of particles at high magnetic latitudes, their energization, the altitude dependence of the forces, including parallel electric fields they have traversed. In thesecond group are the physics of the fluid flows, regimes of current, and plasma depletion zones during quiescent and disturbed magnetic conditions. In thethird group is the exploration of the processes that accompany the rapid time variations known to occur in the auroral zone, cusp and entry layers as they affect the flow of mass, momentum and energy in the auroral region. In thefourth class of objectives are studies in conjunction with the SWE measurements of the Strahl in the solar wind that exploit the small gyroradius of thermal electrons to detect those magnetic field lines that penetrate the auroral region that are directly ‘open’ to interplanetary space where, for example, the Polar Rain is observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00751338
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermospheric gravity waves: Observations and interpretation using the transfer function model (TFM) (1990)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 54 (1990), S. 297-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Gravity waves are prominent in the polar region of the terrestiral thermosphere, and can be excited by perturbations in Joule heating and Lorents force due to magnetospheric processes. We show observations from the Dynamics Explorer-2 satellite to illustrate the complexity of the phenomenon and review the transfer function model (TFM) which has guided our interpretation. On a statistical basis, the observed atmospheric perturbations decrease from the poles toward the equator and tend to correlate with the magnetic activity index, Ap, although individual measurements indicate that the magnetic index is often a poor measure of gravity wave excitation. The theoretical models devised to describe gravity waves are multifaceted. On one end are fully analytical, linear models which are based on the work of Hines. On the other end are fully numerical, thermospheric general circulation models (TGCMs) which incorporate non-linear processes and wave mean flow interactions. The transfer function model (TFM) discussed in this paper is between these two approaches. It is less restrictive than the analytical approach and relates the global propagation of gravity waves to their excitation. Compared with TGCMs, the TFM is simplified by its linear approximation; but it is not limited in spatial and temporal resolution, and the TFM describes the wave propagation through the lower atmosphere. Moreover, the TFM is semianalytical which helps in delineating the wave components. Using expansions in terms of spherical harmonics and Fourier components, the transfer function is obtained from numerical height integration. This is time consuming computationally but needs to be done only once. Once such a transfer function is computed, the wave response to arbitrary source distributions on the globe can then be constructed in very short order. In this review, we discuss some numerical experiments performed with the TFM, to study the various wave components excited in the auroral regions which propagate through the thermosphere and lower atmosphere, and to elucidate the properties of realistic source geometries. The model is applied to the interpretation of satellite measurements. Gravity waves observed in the thermosphere of Venus are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00177800
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