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  • 1
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 339 (1989), S. 551-556 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Dopamine ; 5-HT synthesis ; Brain ; 8-OHDPAT ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Regional dopamine synthesis in the rat striatum was estimated by measuring DOPA accumulation following inhibition of cerebral aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase by means of NSD-1015, 100 mg kg−1 intraperitoneally. In animals treated with reserpine, 5 mg kg−1 subcutaneously −18 h, there was a statistically significant increase in DOPA accumulation in the nucleus accumbens, the ventro-medial neostriatum, the dorso-lateral neostriatum and in the posterior limb of the neostriatum. This increase in DOPA accumulation was antagonized dose-dependently in the nucleus accumbens and ventro-medial neostriatum, but not in the other two regions, by treatment with the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT, 0.15–2.4 μmol kg−1, whereas the partial dopamine D2 receptor agonist (−)3-PPP, 2.5–10.0 μmol kg−1, or the full dopamine D2 receptor agonist quinpirole, 0.05–0.8 μmol kg−, antagonized the reserpine-induced increase in DOPA accumulation uniformly in all four regions of the striatum. The suppression of DOPA accumulation by 8-OH-DPAT in reserpine-treated animals, was completely antagonized by raclopride, 1 μmol kg−1, but not by (−)pindolol, 8 μmol kg−1. The accumulation of 5-HTP in all regions of the striatum as well as in the neocortex following decarboxylase inhibition and reserpine pretreatment, was also inhibited by 8-OH-DPAT, and this inhibition was unaffected by treatment with raclopride or (−)pindolol. It is concluded that 8-OH-DPAT, in addition to general effects on forebrain 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis, selectively affects limbic forebrain dopamine synthesis. This latter effect is probably due to direct stimulation of dopamine autoreceptors, since it was obtained in reserpine-treated rats, and was completely antagonized by raclopride, but not (−)pindolol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Oxytocin ; SSRIs ; Depression ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The nonapeptide oxytocin is released into systemic circulation in situations of psychosocial interaction, and has been shown to be involved in mechanisms of social bonding and social recognition in laboratory studies. In view of disturbances in psychosocial relationships being a triggering factor for depression and anxiety, it is interesting to note that experimental studies have shown oxytocin to possess antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like actions. Thus, in the present study we examined effects of the SSRI citalopram (20 mg/kg IP) on plasma oxytocin, acutely and upon repeated administration, in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Plasma oxytocin, and some functionally related peptides (CCK, gastrin, somatostatin and insulin), were measured by standard radioimmunoassay techniques. Acute citalopram administration produced a statistically significant increase in plasma oxytocin and CCK levels. Administration of citalopram for 14 days did not attenuate the oxytocin-releasing effect to a challenge dose of the SSRI zimeldine (20 mg/kg SC), whereas CCK levels were not increased after the subchronic citalopram treatment. Thus, the SSRI citalopram produces increased plasma oxytocin levels acutely, and there appears to be no or little tolerance to this effect upon repeated administration. There were no, or variable, effects on plasma levels of gastrin, somatostatin or insulin. It is suggested that oxytocin release is an important aspect of the pharmacological actions of SSRIs, and this could be an important contributory factor for the clinical profile of this group of antidepressants with particular efficacy in disorders of psychosocial origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 103 (1991), S. 291-296 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: 5-HT ; 8-OH-DPAT ; Core temperature ; Rat ; Raphe nuclei
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The core temperature of male Wistar rats was measured after local application of 5-HT (10 µg) or 8-OH-DPAT (5 µg) into the dorsal (DR) or the median raphe (MR) nuclei. The core temperature was measured by a rectal thermistor probe, 20 and 60 min after the injection procedure started. The injected volume was 0.5 µl and injections were made by means of 31G needles, at a rate of 0.33 µl min−1. The raphe nuclei were approached at 30° in order to avoid penetration of the cerebral aqueduct or to avoid the DR with injections aimed for the MR. The application of 5-HT or the 5-HT1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT into the DR produced a marked decrease in core temperature, whereas injections into the MR had no effect. These results demonstrate an important role for the DR in temperature regulation in the rat. The fact that the 5-HT1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT produced a decrease in core temperature, together with the observation that administration of the 5-HT1 antagonist (−)pindolol antagonized the 5-HT as well as the 8-OH-DPAT-induced decrease, indicates the involvement of DR 5-HT1A receptors in rat thermoregulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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