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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 38 (1994), S. 132-137 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Plant SINE ; retroposon ; Rice evolution ; wx locus ; Oryza sativa ; PCR ; Repetitive sequences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new type of plant retroposon, p-SINE1, has been found in the wx locus of rice (Oryza sativa). It has some structural characteristics similar to those of mammalian SINEs, such as members of the Alu or Bl family. In order to estimate the time at which the integration of p-SINE1 into a single locus occurred during rice evolution, we examined the distribution of two members of p-SINE1 in several species of the Oryza genus by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We found that one member of p-SINE1 (p-SINE1-r2) in the ninth intron of the wx + gene was present only in two closely related species, O. sativa and O. rufipogon, and was not present in the other species carrying the AA genome within the Oryza genus. This result indicates that p-SINE1-r2 was integrated into the wx locus after O. sativa and O. rufipogon had diverged from other species with the AA genome. In contrast to p-SINE1-r2, another member (p-SINE1-rl) located in the untranslated 5′-region of the wx + gene was present not only in all species with the AA genome but also in species with a different genome (CCDD). This result suggests that p-SINE1-rl was integrated into that position prior to the genomic divergence. Thus, it appears that each member of p-SINE1 was retroposed at a specific site at a different time during rice evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 119 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Wxa and Wxb are the most common alleles of the Wx gene in Asian cultivated rice. The difference between them is responsible for differences in the levels of the Wx gene product in the endosperm, as well as in amylose content, which is an important determinant of the quality of edible rice. Since Indica rice mostly carries the Wxa allele, we introduced the Wxb allele into Indica-type rice (IR36) from a Japonica-type rice (T65) by repeated backcrossing. In the near-isogenic line (IR36 Wxb), the level of the Wx gene product was reduced and, as expected, the level of amylose. However, IR36Wxb had a lower amylose content than the recurrent parent of T65 with the Wxb allele. The results suggest that the Indica (IR36) background might lower the amylose content more than the Japonica (T65) background when the Wx allele is the same. The possible importance of modifiers that regulate expression of the Wx gene is also discussed in relation to improvements in the grain quality of rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 262 (2000), S. 1047-1051 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words NAC domain ; OsNAC ; Rice (Oryza sativa) ; Gene family ; Plant development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genes that encode products containing a NAC domain, such as NO APICAL MERISTEM (NAM) in petunia, CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON2 (CUC2) and NAP in Arabidopsis thaliana, have crucial functions in plant development. We describe here molecular aspects of the OsNAC genes that encode proteins with NAC domains in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Sequence analysis revealed that the NAC genes in plants can be divided into several subfamilies, such as the NAM, ATAF, and OsNAC3 subfamilies. In rice, OsNAC1 and OsNAC2 are classified in the NAM subfamily, which includes NAM and CUC2, while OsNAC5 and OsNAC6 fall into the ATAF subfamily. In addition to the members of these subfamilies, the rice genome contains the NAC genes OsNAC3, OsNAC4 (both in the OsNAC3 subfamily), OsNAC7, and OsNAC8. These results and Southern analysis indicate that the OsNAC genes constitute a large gene family in the rice genome. Each OsNAC gene is expressed in a specific pattern in different organs, suggesting that this family has diverse and important roles in rice development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words ADP-glucose starch glycosyl transferase ; Amyloplast ; BY-2 ; Nicotiana tabacum ; Transcription/translation inhibitors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract When BY-2 cultured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cells were transferred to auxin-depleted culture medium containing cytokinin (benzyladenine, 1 mg/l), the starch content per cell started increasing from 18 h of culture and amyloplasts had formed by 48 h. Pulse-treatment of the cells with actinomycin D and cycloheximide for the first 12 h (or longer) of culture significantly decreased the cellular starch content after 48 h, whereas the starch content did not decrease significantly when the cells were released from the inhibition within 6 h. This suggests that nuclear gene expression necessary for amyloplast formation begins 6–12 h after the transfer. Immunoblotting analysis of the accumulation of ADP-glucose starch glycosyl transferase (starch synthase) supported this inference.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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